Download or read book Evaluation of Forage Legumes for Soil Fertility Improvement in Maize cassava Production Systems written by Michael Ngunjiri Njunie and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: coastal lowlands, decomposition, nutrient release, cropping systems, Kenya, maize, cassava, clitoria ternatea, Lablab purpureus.
Download or read book Evaluation of Forage Legumes for Soil Fertility Improvement in Maize Cassava Production Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil fertility decline is a major factor limiting crop production in smallholder farms in sub-Saharan Africa. Coastal Kenya farmers are aware of the problem of declining soil fertility caused by continuous cropping without returning nutrients, soil erosion, burning of plant residues, and short fallow intervals in food crops production. This research examined intercropping of forage legumes as potential nutrient sources in maize and cassava production systems. The overall objective was to study the effects of harvest frequency and developmental stage at harvest of an annual (dolichos) and perennial (clitoria) forage legume on: i) biomass and nutrient accumulation ii) rate of nutrient release from the respective legume residues, and iii) availability of residue derived nutrients to maize and/ or cassava. The design for the experiments was a split-plot with five replications, consisting of cropping system (main plot) and harvest management (subplot) factors. Main plot treatments were clitoria or dolichos grown as monocultures or as an intercrops with two tropical food crops (cassava and maize). Clitoria was first cut at 2 mo after planting, and subsequently every 6 or 10 wk after the first cut, while dolichos was cut at 2 and 4 mo after planting the legume. The harvested foliage was applied as surface mulch. A third experiment monitored the decomposition and nutrient release from clitoria and dolichos residues. Following each legume harvest, three replicates of nylon mesh bags containing legume residue as intact plants were placed on the ground surface within their respective cropping system and legume management plots, and then retrieved at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 wk in the field. Nonlinear regression equations for percentage of original dry weight, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg remaining at each retrieval date were determined by cropping system and legume cutting strategy and data was fit to single, double, and asymptotic models of NLIN procedure. Results from the maize/cassava p.
Download or read book Grain Legumes and Green Manures for Soil Fertility in Southern Africa written by Stephen R. Waddington and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2003 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management written by Ram Swaroop Meena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable management of soils is an important global issue of the 21st century. Feeding roughly 8 billion people with an environmentally sustainable production system is a major challenge, especially considering the fact that 10% of the world’s population at risk of hunger and 25% at risk of malnutrition. Accordingly, the 68th United Nations (UN) general assembly declared 2016 the “International Year of Pulses” to raise awareness and to celebrate the role of pulses in human nutrition and welfare. Likewise, the assembly declared the year 2015 as the “International Year of Soils” to promote awareness of the role of “healthy soils for a healthy life” and the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS) has declared 2015-2024 as the International Decade of Soils. Including legumes in cropping systems is an important toward advancing soil sustainability, food and nutritional security without compromising soil quality or its production potential. Several textbooks and edited volumes are currently available on general soil fertility or on legumes but‚ to date‚ none have been dedicated to the study of “Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management”. This is important aspect, as the soil, the epidermis of the Earth (geoderma)‚ is the major component of the terrestrial biosphere. This book explores the impacts of legumes on soil health and sustainability, structure and functioning of agro-ecosystems, agronomic productivity and food security, BNF, microbial transformation of soil N and P, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, biofertilizers, etc. With the advent of fertilizers, legumes have been sidelined since World War II, which has produced serious consequences for soils and the environment alike. Therefore, legume-based rational cropping/soil management practices must support environmentally and economically sustainable agroecosystems based on (sequential) rotation and intercropping considerations to restore soil health and sustainability. All chapters are amply illustrated with appropriately placed data, tables, figures, and photographs, and supported with extensive and cutting-edge references. The editors have provided a roadmap for the sustainable development of legumes for food and nutritional security and soil sustainability in agricultural systems, offering a unique resource for teachers, researchers, and policymakers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students of soil science, agronomy, ecology, and the environmental sciences.
Download or read book An Assessment of Current Activities on the Use of Legumes for Soil Improvements in World Cropping Systems written by Marianne Sarrantonio and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Potentials of Forage Legumes in Farming Systems of Sub Saharan Africa written by International Livestock Centre for Africa and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1986-01-01 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods for the Evaluation of Forage Legumes Grasses and Fodder Trees for Use as Livestock Feed written by S. A. Tarawali and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initial screening methods; Herbaceous legumes and grasses; Small-plot observation trial; Small-plot management trial; Fodder trees; Initial screening trial; Small-plot management trial; Schemes for further evaluation; Small-plot grazing trial; Trial establishment; Cut-and-carry trial; Trial establishment; Seed multiplication trial; Evaluation of mixtures of accessions; Grass-legume; Legume-legume; Fodder trees-herbaceous mixtures; On-farm trials; Planning and evaluation strategy; Selecting appropriate trials for farming systems and agro-ecological zones; Introduction of animals; Experimental design and analysis; Selection of appropriate experimental design; Analysis of data; Comparison between sites; Grouping of similar accessions; Managing data collected from trials; Analysis of trial designs in this manual; Methods for scarification; Methods for inoculation of legumes; Formats for results; Rainfall for Kurmin Biri, 1991; Plot layout for standard evaluation procedure; Plot layout for small-plot management trial-shrubs.
Download or read book Systems and Farmer Participatory Research written by Sam Fujisaka and published by CIAT. This book was released on 1999 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toward a new institutional model of farmer participation in research on natural resource management and germplasm improvement; Developing a natural resource management technology for a specific agroenvironment: Mucuna-maize rotation on the hillsides of northern honduras; Land use systems and dynamics in Pucallpa, Peru; Strategic systems research for the Latin American Savannas; Developing improved pasture systems for forest margins; Adapting participatory research methods for developing integrated crop management for cassava-based systems Northeast Brazil; Soil conservation strategies that take into account farmer perspectives; Developing sustainable cassava production systems with farmers in Asia; Developing forage tecnologies with smallholders in East Kalimantan, Indonesia; Farmer's independent experimentation with green manure and/or cover crops: A component of participatory research for improving Ugandan Farming Systems; Designing sustainable, commercial, farmer seed production systems in Africa: Case studies From Uganda; Institucional Innovation as an entry for system-level technological change; Participatory sysems research toward the future.
Download or read book Save and Grow written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers a rich toolkit of relevant, adoptable ecosystem-based practices that can help the world's 500 million smallholder farm families achieve higher productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency while enhancing natural capital.
Download or read book Evaluation of Selected Legumes for Sustainable Weed Ecology soil Fertility livestock Management Interactions in Crop livestock Systems of the Moist Savannah of Nigeria written by Lawrence Gbadebo Owoeye and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Africa written by Nteranya Sanginga and published by CIAT. This book was released on 2009 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forward. A call for integrated soil fertility management in Africa. Introduction. ISFM and the African farmer. Part I. The principles of ISFM: ISFM as a strategic goal, Fertilizer management within ISFM, Agro-minerals in ISFM, Organic resource management, ISFM, soil biota and soil health. Part II. ISFM practices: ISFM products and fields practices, ISFM practice in drylands, ISFM practice in savannas and woodlands, ISFM practice in the humid forest zone, Conservation Agriculture. Part III. The process of implementing ISFM: soil fertility diagnosis, soil fertility management advice, Dissemination of ISFM technologies, Designing an ISFM adoption project, ISFM at farm and landscape scales. Part IV. The social dimensions of ISFM: The role of ISFM in gender empowerment, ISFM and household nutrition, Capacity building in ISFM, ISFM in the policy arena, Marketing support for ISFM, Advancing ISFM in Africa. Appendices: Mineral nutrient contents of some common organic resources.
Download or read book Handbook of Climate Change Management written by Walter Leal Filho and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is one of the major challenges of modern times. Its impacts are manifold and vary from sea level rise (especially relevant to those living in coastal areas), to the increased frequency of extreme events such as cyclones and storm surges, which not only poses problems to property and infrastructure, but also to human health. Climate change is also associated with damages to the physical and natural environment, as well as to biodiversity. According to the 5th Assessment Report produced by the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), many geographical regions across the world are moderately or highly vulnerable to climate change, whose impacts may be further exacerbated by other human-induced pressures. The above state of affairs illustrates the need for a better and more holistic understanding of how climate change affects countries and regions on the one hand, but also on how the many problems it causes may be managed on the other, vis-a-vis a better ability to adapt. There is also a perceived need to showcase successful examples of how to duly address and manage the many social, economic and political problems posed by climate change around the world, in order to replicate and even upscale the successful ones. It is against this background that the Handbook of Climate Change Management has been produced. It contains papers prepared by scholars, social movements, practitioners and members of governmental agencies, undertaking research and/or executing climate change projects, and working with communities across all geographical regions. The Handbook focuses on "Research, Leadership, Transformation," meaning that it serves the purpose of showcasing the role these key areas play in respect of applied research, field projects and best practices to foster climate change adaptation worldwide.
Download or read book Soil fertility research for maize based farming systems in Malawi and Zimbabwe written by Stephen R. Waddington and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1998 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cover Crops in West Africa written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1998 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover Crops in West Africa Contributing to Sustainable Agriculture
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abstracts on Tropical Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding the Current Role of Legumes and Their Significance for Biological Nitrogen Fixation BNF in Smallholder Farming Systems of Zimbabwe written by B.T. Manenji and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the major challenges faced by small holder farmers in Southern Africa and Zimbabwe in particular is poor soil fertility. Use of synthetic fertilizers is limited due to its high costs and this has led to a drastic decrease in productivity. Alternatively, farmers can incorporate legumes in their cropping systems thus improving soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. However, legumes are still grown at a very low scale. In order to understand the cropping patterns of legumes relative to cereals a study was carried out in Murehwa and Mudzi districts. The two areas are located in two contrasting agro ecological regions. In each district, twenty farmers were selected and based on their resource endowment, they were divided into four resource groups (RG); RG1 being the richest and RG4 being the poorest farmers. Data was collected through structured questionnaires. Comparisons of legume productivity in the different resource groups were made by evaluating areas under legumes and yields attained. These results were compared with those for maize, the major cereal crop in Zimbabwe. Constraints faced by farmers in legume production were also evaluated. In the research, analysis was also made of the agronomic practices used by farmers in different RGs to grow legumes compared to maize. The agronomic practices included labour and input allocation to different fields within the farms and legume residue use. Soil structure and fertility status for the different fields of the target farmers were determined. Total nitrogen content in different legumes was also analyzed. The marketing of the different legumes was evaluated. Results indicated that groundnut, cowpea and Bambara nut were commonly grown in the two districts while common bean and soybean were exclusively grown in Murehwa. Larger proportions of land, fertilizers and labour were allocated to maize relative to legumes. Mudzi had average areas of 0.89 ha per farm under maize, 0.09 ha per farm under Bambara nut and 0.25 ha per farm under groundnut while Murehwa had on average 1.84 ha per farm, 0.19 ha per farm and 0.15 ha per farm under the respective crops. Higher yields of both legumes and cereals were attained in Murehwa compared to Mudzi. Cereals were mostly grown in the fertile home fields while legumes were grown in mid and outfields by most farmers. The majority of the farmers applied more fertilizers to the home fields while outfields are given less attention. There were no significant differences in the quantities of fertilizers used by farmers in different resource groups in both districts. Farmers indicated that they get more profits from selling legumes than from cereals. There were no significant differences in soil structure among the different farms in the different resource groups within each district. There were no significant differences in pH, soil available N, Ca, organic carbon between the different plot types. However, the proportions of most cations decreased in the pattern; Plot type 1 >Plot type 2 > Plot type 3. There is need to promote optimal agronomic practices so as increase productivity of legumes by smallholder farmers in the two districts. Differences in input resource management on the various fields within a farm result in variation in fertility and hence differences in productivity within the fields.
