Download or read book Evaluation of Alternative Lighting Systems for Guide Sign Illumination written by Jonathan Everett Upchurch and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study objective was to identify a lighting system which has a lower power cost and reduced maintenance requirements and which provides adequately for motorists' needs in terms of legibility and illumination level. Twenty-five candidate lighting systems were identified through a review of technical data and specifications for lamps and fixtures by an independent lighting expert. Photometric tests and computer analyses of sign illumination levels reduced the number of candidates to ten alternative systems which were then field tested. Each alternative lighting system was tested for 10 to 14 months. Sign luminance was measured with a telephotometer. Power consumption was monitored. Maintenance requirements and lamp life were noted. A human factors study determined legibility distance and rated viewing comfort, lighting uniformity, and color rendition. An economic analysis was performed which considered the initial cost of acquiring and installing the lighting systems and annual costs for electric power, washing, relamping, and ballast replacement. A lighting system using the high pressure sodium light source was recommended. Compared to the existing commonly used fluorescent system, it uses one-third as much electric power and has about one-third of the annual owning and operating cost. The recommended system has a satisfactory illumination level and provides the best legibility distance of the ten systems tested.
Download or read book Freeway Guide Sign Replacement written by Hugh W. McGee and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1991 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, planners, and others interested in making sure that motorists' needs for directional information on freeways are being met. Information is provided on policies and procedures used by states in evaluating freeway guide signs and replacing those that are outdated or deteriorated. Many signs on freeways and other controlled-access highways have exceeded their service life and are no longer serving motorists' needs. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the policies, proceduress, and criteria used by states for freeway sign evaluation and replacement programs.
Download or read book Evaluation of Alternative Sign Lighting Systems to Reduce Operating and Maintenance Costs written by Jonathan Upchurch and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transportation Research Record written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Use of Solar Energy for Lighting of Overhead Guide Signs Roadway Lighting and Intersection Traffic Signals written by Jonathan Upchurch and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal objective of this study was to demonstrate the technological and economic feasibility (or lack thereof) of photovoltaic powered systems for overhead guide sign lighting, roadway lighting, and traffic signalization. A preliminary technical and economic feasibility study concluded that the first two applications were feasible, but that full-scale traffic signalization was not. In lieu of full-scale traffic signalization, the project developed a system to power flashing warning lights. Photovoltaic systems were designed, constructed, field tested and evaluated for overhead guide sign lighting, roadway lighting, and powering of flashing warning lights. All these systems were found to be dependable and economical for application at remote sites where a conventional power supply is not available. In addition, previous research has shown that roadway lighting can have a safety benefit at remote locations which have a high nighttime accident rate and that flashing warning lights have a safety benefit.
Download or read book Traffic Accident Analysis Visibility Factors and Motorist Information Needs written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1987 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineering Extension Series written by Purdue University. Department of Engineering Extension and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes proceedings of various conferences sponsored by the University.
Download or read book Australian Road Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis of Highway Practice written by National Cooperative Highway Research Program and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Human Factors Evaluation of Freeway Guide Sign Lighting Systems written by Jonathan Upchurch and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings Arizona Conference on Roads and Streets written by University of Arizona. Civil Engineering Dept and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compendium of Technical Papers Annual Meeting Institute of Transportation Engineers District 6 written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineering Extension Series Purdue University Dept of Engineering Extension written by and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes proceedings of various conferences sponsored by the University.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Annual Arizona Conference on Roads and Streets written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lighting Upgrades written by Damon Wood and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2004. Green Lights lighting specialist Damon Wood takes you step-by-step through upgrading a lighting system, in either a retrofit or complete redesign scenario, for the purpose of increasing both energy efficiency and productivity. This guide is designed for use by anyone who needs to understand the principles of lighting and light's impact on conservation, productivity and safety. Readers will find valuable discussion of lighting quality, upgrade strategies, applications, technologies, economics, maintenance, project implementation and methods for assessing specific opportunities. This fully illustrated guide addresses these issues in lay terms and in an easy-to-understand, logical style.
Download or read book Color and Light written by James Gurney and published by Andrews McMeel Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike many other art books only give recipes for mixing colors or describe step-by-step painting techniques, *Color and Light* answers the questions that realist painters continually ask, such as: "What happens with sky colors at sunset?", "How do colors change with distance?", and "What makes a form look three-dimensional?" Author James Gurney draws on his experience as a plain-air painter and science illustrator to share a wealth of information about the realist painter's most fundamental tools: color and light. He bridges the gap between abstract theory and practical knowledge for traditional and digital artists of all levels of experience.
Download or read book HRIS Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
