Download or read book Evaluating Treatment Related Changes for Prostate Cancer Via Image Analysis Tools and Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Robert Toth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this work is to quantitatively evaluate treatment response following prostate cancer treatment, via the development of novel segmentation and registration methods for: radical prostatectomy, focal laser ablation (FLA) and external beam radiation treatment (EBRT) imaging data. Radical prostatectomy specimens are evaluated via accurately quantifying the prostate volume pre- and post-treatment. A novel Multi-Feature, Landmark Free Active Appearance Model (MFLAAM) algorithm has been developed to automatically determine the volume. This is compared to submersing the removed prostate in water. Quantitative results show that the MFLAAM yields more accurate segmentations than existing state of the art systems, and offers highly accurate volume estimations compared to current clinical volume estimation procedures. In order to evaluate EBRT and FLA treatments for prostate cancer, the pre-, post-treatment MRI images must be spatially aligned. However, existing tools do not take into account specific treatment related changes to the prostate. In addition, no automatic quantitative tools for specifically evaluating treatment changes exist. The prostate consists of distinct internal substructures central gland (CG) and peripheral zone (PZ). Our model aims to explicitly take into account the different effects treatment may have on the shapes of the internal prostatic structures. In order to automatically segment the CG and PZ, the MFLAAM algorithm was extended to simultaneously segment multiple objects. Following the automatic segmentation, a finite element model (FEM) registration algorithm is introduced. An FEM uses physical properties to constrain the registration to only physically-real deformations. In addition, the shrinking of the prostate (which occurs due to radiation treatment) is specifically modeled. This FEM was quantitatively compared to other registration techniques, and was the best performing algorithm over 30 patients. Finally, a separate FEM is developed to compensate for the changes in the surrounding organs (bladder and rectum filling), which is essential for one to isolate the treatment-related changes in the prostate. Following an accurate registration, changes in the MR parameters, changes in the prostate volume, and changes in prostate morphology are calculated. We envision that this work will pave the way for predictive models in order to predict patient outcome from early follow-up imaging data.
Download or read book Imaging and Focal Therapy of Early Prostate Cancer written by Thomas J. Polascik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-22 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text encompass an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art for gland preserving therapies. Fully updated and revised, this text evaluates the scientific evidence for the evolving trend to treat intermediate risk, clinically localized prostate cancer in a focally ablative manner with novel gland-preserving, focal therapy methods. Various ablative devices such as high intensity focused ultrasound, irreversible electroporation, photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy and laser ablation, among others, is discussed in regard to their strengths and limitations as a therapeutic modality. Emphasis is placed on patient selection and outcomes utilizing both advanced imaging techniques and pathologic evaluation. Current and new approaches to image cancer foci within the prostate (multiparametric ultrasonography, multiparametric magnetic resonance image, etc) are presented along with various biopsy techniques, including robotics to map prostate cancer. Patient selection based on imaging and genomic classification, adjuvants to enhance therapy, treatment strategy, outcomes and patient centered concerns is discussed, providing an acceptable balance between cancer control and improved quality of life for patients. Written by experts in the field and lavishly illustrated with detailed line-art and photographs, Imaging and Focal Therapy of Early Prostate Cancer, Second Edition is designed as a comprehensive resource for urologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, radiologists, uropathologists, molecular biologists, biomedical engineers, other clinicians –- residents, fellows, nurses and allied professionals -- and researchers with an interest in the diagnosis and novel treatment of prostate cancer. It will provide insight into the latest research and clinical applications of image-guided diagnosis and minimally invasive focal, gland-preserving treatment for prostate cancer.
Download or read book Image Guided Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer written by Anthony V. D’Amico and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-30 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prominent physicians review past, current, and future applications of the many powerful imaging techniques now used in the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and outcomes assessment of cancers of the prostate, central nervous system (CNS), and breast. Topics range from the use of screening mammography and approaches to breast cancer detection using MRI to improved visualization of the prostate gland from transrectal ultrasound and MRI, to MRI-guided resection of neoplasms.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Imaging written by Ayman El-Baz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers novel strategies and state of the art approaches for automated non-invasive systems for early prostate cancer diagnosis. Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy after skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related male deaths in the USA after lung cancer. However, early detection of prostate cancer increases chances of patients’ survival. Generally, The CAD systems analyze the prostate images in three steps: (i) prostate segmentation; (ii) Prostate description or feature extraction; and (iii) classification of the prostate status. Explores all of the latest research and developments in state-of-the art imaging of the prostate from world class experts. Contains a comprehensive overview of 2D/3D Shape Modeling for MRI data. Presents a detailed examination of automated segmentation of the prostate in 3D imaging. Examines Computer-Aided-Diagnosis through automated techniques. There will be extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study.
Download or read book Image Guided Prostate Cancer Treatments written by Robert L. Bard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image-Guided Prostate Cancer Treatments is a comprehensive reference and practical guide on the technology and application of ultrasound and MRI in the male pelvis, with special attention to the prostate. The book is organized into three main sections, the first of which is devoted to general aspects of imaging and image-guided treatments. The second section provides a systematic overview of the application of ultrasound and MRI to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the lower urinary tract. Performance of the ultrasound and MRI studies is explained, and the normal and abnormal pathological anatomy is reviewed. Correlation with the ultrasound in the same plane is provided to assist in understanding the MRI sequences. Biopsy and interventional procedures, ultrasound-MRI fusion techniques, and image-guided therapies, including focused ultrasound, photodynamic therapy, microwave and laser ablation, are all fully covered. The third section focuses on securing treatment effectiveness and the use of follow-up imaging to ensure therapeutic success and detect tumor recurrence at an early stage, which is vital given that prompt focal treatment of recurrence is very successful. Here, particular attention is paid to the role of Doppler ultrasound and DCE-MRI technologies. This book, containing a wealth of high-quality illustrations based on high-end equipment, will acquaint beginners with the basics of prostate ultrasound and MRI, while more advanced practitioners will learn new skills, means of avoiding pitfalls, and ways of effectively relating the imaging and image-guided treatments to the clinical situation. The information provided will permit a tailored approach in dealing with specific pathologic issues.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Imaging Image Analysis and Image Guided Interventions written by Anant Madabhushi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Workshop on Prostate Cancer Imaging, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2011, in Toronto, Canada, in September 2011. The 15 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 submissions. The papers cover the clinical areas of radiology, radiation oncology, and image guided intervention, addressing topics such as prostate segmentation, multi-modal prostate registration, and computer-aided diagnosis and classification of prostate cancer.
Download or read book MRI for Radiotherapy written by Gary Liney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides, for the first time, a unified approach to the application of MRI in radiotherapy that incorporates both a physics and a clinical perspective. Readers will find detailed information and guidance on the role of MRI in all aspects of treatment, from dose planning, with or without CT, through to response assessment. Extensive coverage is devoted to the latest technological developments and emerging options. These include hybrid MRI treatment systems, such as MRI-Linac and proton-guided systems, which are ushering in an era of real-time MRI guidance. The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented rise in the use of MRI in the radiation treatment of cancer. The development of highly conformal dose delivery techniques has led to a growing need to harness advanced imaging for patient treatment. With its flexible soft tissue contrast and ability to acquire functional information, MRI offers advantages at all stages of treatment. In documenting the state of the art in the field, this book will be of value to a wide range of professionals. The authors are international experts drawn from the scientific committee of the 2017 MR in RT symposium and the faculty of the ESTRO teaching course on imaging for physicists.
Download or read book Technical Aspects of Focal Therapy in Localized Prostate Cancer written by Eric Barret and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focal therapy is a promising option for selected patients who have localized low or intermediate-risk prostate cancer, providing a compelling alternative between active surveillance and radical therapies by targeting the index lesion and preserving as much tissue as possible. Numerous cohort studies have already investigated multiple focal techniques, such as cryotherapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, irreversible electroporation and cyberknife methods, all of which have demonstrated positive oncological outcomes with 70 to 90 % negative follow-up biopsy. These various ablative techniques have produced only minor side-effects concerning urinary function, a low rate of erectile dysfunction, and have demonstrated a limited rectal toxicity. As a result, the primary end-point has now shifted and a new strategy needs to be established for patient follow-up and for defining treatment failure. Written by international experts in the field, this book is mainly focused on new techniques, all of which are amply illustrated. Technical Aspects of Focal Therapy in Localized Prostate Cancer will be of great practical value to all urologists and oncologists.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Imaging Computer Aided Diagnosis Prognosis and Intervention written by Anant Madabhushi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-09-15 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostatic adenocarcinoma (CAP) is the second most common malignancy with an estimated 190,000 new cases in the USA in 2010 (Source: American Cancer Society), and is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men. If CAP is caught early, men have a high, five-year survival rate. Unfortunately there is no standardized ima- based screening protocol for early detection of CAP (unlike for breast cancers). In the USA high levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) warrant a trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy to enable histologic confirmation of presence or absence of CAP. With recent rapid developments in multi-parametric radiological imaging te- niques (spectroscopy, dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging, PET, RF ultrasound), some of these functional and metabolic imaging modalities are allowing for definition of high resolution, multi-modal signatures for prostate cancer in vivo. Distinct com- tational and technological challenges for multi-modal data registration and classifi- tion still remain in leveraging this multi-parametric data for directing therapy and optimizing biopsy. Additionally, with the recent advent of whole slide digital sc- ners, digitized histopathology has become amenable to computerized image analysis. While it is known that outcome of prostate cancer (prognosis) is highly correlated with Gleason grade, pathologists often have difficulty in distinguishing between interme- ate Gleason grades from histopathology. Development of computerized image analysis methods for automated Gleason grading and predicting outcome on histopathology have to confront the significant computational challenges associated with working these very large digitized images.
Download or read book Active Surveillance for Localized Prostate Cancer written by Laurence Klotz and published by Humana. This book was released on 2018-08-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully updated and revised new edition provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in prostate cancer. The book reviews new data about molecular characteristics of the disease, profiles the new grading system for prostate cancer introduced in 2015, and provides new perspectives about imaging of prostate cancer, as well as the role of targeted biopsies. The text summarizes the role of biomarkers and MRI in patient selection and management and details the world wide results of active surveillance. Specific chapters address communication and ethical issues, QOL outcomes, economic aspects, and psycho-social aspects of surveillance. The role of focal therapy for low risk disease is summarized, and the data supporting preventive interventions during surveillance reviewed. This text will serve as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in this common malignancy, as it provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.
Download or read book Multimodal Image Registration in Image Guided Prostate Brachytherapy written by Iyas Hamdan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in France and western countries. It is the third leading cause of death from cancer, being responsible for around 10% of deaths. Brachytherapy, a radiotherapy technique, is associated with a better health-related quality of life after the treatment, compared to other treatment techniques. Prostate brachytherapy involves the implantation of radioactive sources inside the prostate to deliver a localized radiation dose to the tumor while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues. Multi-modal imaging is used in order to improve the overall accuracy of the treatment. The pre-operative Computed Tomography (CT) images can be used to calculate a personalized and accurate dose distribution. During the intervention, the surgeon utilizes a real-time guiding system, Trasnrectal Ultrasound (TRUS), to accurately place the radioactive sources in their desired pre-planned positions. Therefore, if the positions of the sources were determined on CT, they need to be transferred to US. However, a robust and direct US/CT registration is hardly possible since they both provide low soft tissue contrast. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), on the other hand, has a superior contrast and can potentially improve the treatment planning and delivery by providing a better visualization. Thus, these three modalities (MRI, US and CT) need to be accurately registered. To compensate for prostate deformations, caused by changes in size and form between the different acquisitions, non-rigid registration is essential. Fully automatic registration methodology is necessary in order to facilitate its integration in a clinical workflow. At first, we propose a registration between pre-operative MR and CT images based on the maximization of the mutual information in combination with a deformation field parameterized by cubic B-Splines. We propose to constrain the registration to volumes of interest (VOIs) in order to improve the robustness and the computational efficiency. The proposed approach was validated on clinical patient datasets. Quantitative evaluation indicated that the overall registration error was of 1.15±0.20 mm; which satisfies the desired clinical accuracy. Then, we propose a second intra-operative US/MRI registration, where a multi-resolution approach is implemented to reduce the probability of local minima and improve the computational efficiency. A similarity measure, which correlates intensities of the US image with intensities and gradient magnitude of the MRI, is used to determine the transformation that aligns the two images. The proposed methodology was validated on a prostate phantom at first to assess its feasibility. Subsequently, the method was validated on clinical patient datasets and evaluated using qualitative and quantitative criteria, resulting in a registration error of 1.44±0.06 mm. The approach proposed in this work allows going towards a multimodal protocol for image-guided brachytherapy which can improve the overall accuracy of this procedure. Despite such encouraging results, future work will involve further evaluation on a larger number of datasets in order to assess the reliability and the efficiency of this methodology before integrating it in a clinical workflow.
Download or read book Prostate Imaging An Issue of Radiologic Clinics of North America E Book written by Nicola Schieda and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-11-17 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of Radiologic Clinics, guest editors Drs. Nicola Schieda and Andrei Purysko bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Prostate Imaging. Worldwide, prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed in males, and MRI scans can give doctors a very clear picture of the prostate and nearby areas. In this issue, top experts discuss key topics such as a contemporary approach to prostate imaging and data reporting system score 3 lesions; the expanding role of MRI and use of PRECISE criteria in the active surveillance of prostate cancer; MRI-guided prostate cancer therapies; and more. - Contains 12 relevant, practice-oriented topics, including update on optimization of prostate MRI technique and image quality; prostate imaging and data reporting system (PI-RADS) Version 2.1 pitfalls in prostate MRI interpretation; prostate cancer staging with MRI; PSMA PET: pearls and pitfalls; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on prostate imaging, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
Download or read book Advances in Urologic Imaging An Issue of Urologic Clinics E Book written by Samir S. Taneja and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-07-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Samir Taneja is serving as the Guest Editor for this issue that provides updated and technical content on imaging techniques in urology. Top experts provide clinical reviews on the following topics: Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Genitourinary Imaging; Diffusion-Weighted Genitourinary Imaging; Upper and Lower Tract Urothelial Imaging Using Computed Tomography Urography; Imaging of Solid Renal Masses; Imaging of Cystic Renal Masses; Image-Guided Renal Interventions; Practical Approach to Adrenal Imaging; Technique of Multi-parametric MRI of the prostate; Multi-parametric MRI- Interpretation Including PIRADS v2; Prostate MRI for Staging; Prostate MRI for Post-Treatment Evaluation and Recurrence; Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using 11C-Choline PET/Computed Tomography; Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using Fluciclovine; and Gallium-68 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET Imaging. Readers will come away with a clearer understanding of how the latest imaging modalities are utilized for disease diagnosis and management.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Diagnosis from Multi parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Via Deep Learning written by Ruiming Cao and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancer-related diseases among men in the United States. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) is considered the best non-invasive imaging modality for diagnosing PCa. The core components of mp-MRI include T2-weighted imaging (T2w), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCE), each of which provides distinct anatomical or functional information. However, mp-MRI for PCa diagnosis is currently limited by the qualitative or semi-quantitative interpretation criteria, leading to inter-reader variability and a suboptimal ability to assess lesion aggressiveness. Deep learning is a class of methods designed to automatically learn multi-layer artificial neural networks from the training data for various tasks, including image classification, object detection, and segmentation. Here, deep learning methods specific to multi-parametric imaging were proposed to detect, segment PCa lesion and assess the lesion aggressiveness. In addition, an alternative learning method using unannotated dataset was designed, due to the inaccessibility of accurate annotated dataset in many institutions.
Download or read book Advanced Machine Learning Approaches in Cancer Prognosis written by Janmenjoy Nayak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-29 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a variety of advanced machine learning approaches covering the areas of neural networks, fuzzy logic, and hybrid intelligent systems for the determination and diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, the tactical solutions of machine learning have proved its vast range of significance and, provided novel solutions in the medical field for the diagnosis of disease. This book also explores the distinct deep learning approaches that are capable of yielding more accurate outcomes for the diagnosis of cancer. In addition to providing an overview of the emerging machine and deep learning approaches, it also enlightens an insight on how to evaluate the efficiency and appropriateness of such techniques and analysis of cancer data used in the cancer diagnosis. Therefore, this book focuses on the recent advancements in the machine learning and deep learning approaches used in the diagnosis of different types of cancer along with their research challenges and future directions for the targeted audience including scientists, experts, Ph.D. students, postdocs, and anyone interested in the subjects discussed.
Download or read book Evaluation of the oxygenation and vascularity of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging written by Roberto Alonzi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Quantitative Data Representation Framework for Structural and Functional MR Imaging with Application to Prostate Cancer Detection written by Satish Easwar Viswanath and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer (CaP) is currently the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States among men, but there is a paucity of non-invasive image-based information for CaP detection and staging in vivo. Studies have shown the utility of multi-protocol magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve CaP detection accuracy by using both T2-weighted (T2w), dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE), and diffusion weighted (DWI) MRI information. In this thesis, we present methods for quantitative representation of structural and functional imaging data with the objective of building automated classifiers to improve CaP detection accuracy in vivo. In vivo disease presence was quantified via extraction of textural signatures from T2w MRI. Evaluation of these signatures showed that CaP appearance within each of the two dominant prostate regions (central gland, peripheral zone) is significantly different. A classifier trained on zone-specific features also yielded a higher detection accuracy compared to a simpler, monolithic combination of all the texture features. While a number of automated classifiers are available, classifier choice must account for limitations in dataset size and annotation (such as with in vivo prostate MRI). A comprehensive evaluation of different classifier schemes was undertaken for the specific problem of automated CaP detection via T2w MRI on a zonewise basis. It was found that simple classifiers yielded significantly improved CaP detection accuracies compared to complex classifiers. Fundamental differences must be overcome when constructing a unified quantitative representation of structural (T2w) and functional (DCE, DWI) MRI. We present a novel technique, referred to as consensus embedding, which constructs a lower dimensional representation (embedding) from a high dimensional feature space such that information (class-based or otherwise) is optimally preserved. Consensus embedding is shown to result in an improved representation of the data compared to alternative DR-based strategies in a variety of experimental domains. A unified quantitative representation of T2w, DCE, and DWI prostate MRI was constructed via the consensus embedding framework. This yielded an integrated classifier which was more accurate for CaP detection in vivo as compared to using structural and functional information individually, or using a naive combination of such differing types of information.
