Download or read book Evaluating Survival and Cause specific Mortality in Adult and Fawn White tailed Deer in Northern and Eastcentral Wisconsin written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fawn Survival Cause specific Mortality and Bed site Selection of White tailed Deer and Mule Deer in Western Kansas written by Mitchell J. Kern and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) are common sympatric deer species in the Great Plains and western United States that have exhibited divergent population trends temporally and spatially. Mule deer populations are declining and contracting to the west while white-tailed deer populations are expanding. Species-specific differences in fawn recruitment is one proposed explanation for these observed trends, although the underlying causes remain unknown. To determine if landscape or other habitat changes are affecting the two deer species in different ways, we studied bed-site selection of mule deer and white-tailed deer fawns in western Kansas at microhabitat and landscape scales. We also assessed how fawn intrinsic factors, doe maternal condition, and bed-site habitat characteristics influenced survival of mule deer and white-tailed deer fawns. In February 2018 and 2019, we captured 120 adult does (60 mule deer, 60 white-tailed deer) using helicopter net-gun techniques and deployed 120 vaginal implant transmitters (VITs) synchronized with GPS collars deployed on does. Upon VIT expulsion, a birthing event notification was triggered, which narrowed search efforts for fawns. We captured and radio-collared 100 fawns (53 mule deer, 47 white-tailed deer) during 12 May- 23 June in 2018 and 2019. Fawns were visually located daily using ground-based radio-telemetry and we assessed bed-site selection, cause-specific mortality, and survival rates until fawns reached 10 weeks of age. Overall, fawn survival was low (0.32 ± 0.06) and did not differ between species (mule deer: 0.25 ± 0.08; white-tailed deer: 0.41 ± 0.08). Adult chest girth was positively associated with 70-day white-tailed deer fawn survival, longer fawn body length increased 7-day white-tailed deer fawn survival, and fawn sex best predicted 7-day mule deer fawn survival. Model uncertainty indicated fawn intrinsic factors and maternal conditions may be poor predictors of fawn survival. White-tailed deer survival was lower for fawns with more woodland in their home ranges and mule deer fawn survival exhibited a positive quadratic relationship with the amount of grassland within the home range. Mule deer fawn survival increased with the amount of edge and disaggregation within a home range, but landscape configuration did not explain survival of white-tailed deer fawns. We analyzed microhabitat characteristics at 2689 fawn bed-sites and 2689 paired random points. Bed-site selection differed by species; however, vegetative structure was the most influential microhabitat characteristic for both deer species. Mule deer fawns selected for 75% visual obstruction 8.4 dm tall, less grass cover, more succulent cover, and 56% shrub cover at bed-sites. White-tailed deer fawns selected for 25% visual obstruction 9.2 dm tall, 71% forest canopy cover, and less grass cover and bare-ground at bed-sites. The two species also showed differences in landscape selection. The odds of a white-tailed deer fawn bed-site increased 5.88 times in woodlands, whereas odds of a mule deer fawn bed-site increased 2.85 times in CRP. Our research suggests white-tailed deer fawns and mule deer fawns selected different characteristics for bed-sites at the microhabitat and landscape scale. Bed-site selection likely influences fawn survival, which could affect fawn recruitment. Managers should focus on maintaining heterogeneous landscapes composed mainly of native and Conservation Reserve Program grasslands with abundant cover to enhance mule deer fawn survival and bolster adult populations.

Download or read book An Evaluation of Life History Parameters and Management of White tailed Deer Odocoileus Virginianus in the Red River Valley of Northeastern North Dakota written by Kristin M. Sternhagen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS IN WHITE TAILED DEER FAWN SURVIVAL AND CAUSE SPECIFIC MORTALITY written by Tess Gingery and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juvenile survival may be the most critical component of large herbivore population growth, but how neonate survival changes over time and space is not fully understood. Neonate survival rates are influenced by maternal care, site-specific differences, and are generally characterized by year-to-year variation. Sources of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawn mortality across North America include predation, natural causes (excluding predation), and both direct and indirect human-caused mortality. The relative frequency of these causes indicates which sources most affect neonate survival and can be easily compared among studies. We used a meta-analysis approach to elucidate spatial patterns in fawn survival at a landscape-scale across North America. However, comparing survival rates across time is not possible when confounded by spatial variation. Therefore, we investigated how fawn survival varied across time by conducting a neonate survival study in central Pennsylvania to compare a current estimate of neonate survival to previous estimates for central Pennsylvania in 20002001. Furthermore, because pre-weaned neonates (

Download or read book An Evaluation of Life History Parameters of White tailed Deer odocoileus Virginianus in North Dakota written by Brian A. Schaffer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life history characteristics of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been documented in the Northern Great Plains, but limited information is available in regions dominated by grasslands. The objectives of our study were to document movements, cause-specific mortality, survival rates, and habitat selection of white-tailed deer.

Download or read book Annual Survival and Cause specific Mortality of White tailed Deer Fawns on Mount Desert Island Maine written by Robert A. Long and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Final Report of the Believability of DNR White tailed Deer Population Estimates Study Group written by Deer Management for 2000 and Beyond (Wis.). Believability of DNR White-tailed Deer Population Estimates Study Group and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecology and Management of White tailed Deer in Northeastern Coastal Habitats written by Brian L. Cypher and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Factors Influencing White tailed Deer Mortality Risk Within a Multi predator System in Michigan USA written by Todd M. Kautz and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I monitored cause-specific mortality and factors influencing mortality risk for white-tailed deer in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA, during two high mortality risk periods: adult female deer during Feb–May, and fawns from birth to 6 months. I observed high rates of predation and starvation for adult female deer during Apr–May, suggesting that late winter represents a survival bottleneck due to nutritional declines. A strong negative relationship existed between snow free days during late winter and mortality risk. Predation was the dominant mortality source for fawns but predation risk decreased with larger birth mass. Black bears and coyotes accounted for most fawn kills at the population level, but wolves and bobcats had greatest per-individual fawn kill rates. My results suggest predation was the dominant mortality source for fawns and adult female deer, but multiple predator species were important and nutritional condition of deer influenced their vulnerability to predation.

Download or read book Mortality and Habitat Use of White tailed Deer Fawns in the Central Black Hills South Dakota 1994 1998 written by Ted A. Benzon and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Survival Cause specific Mortality and Movements of White tailed Deer in Rural and Suburban Massachusetts written by Christopher R. Gaughan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Population Dynamics of White tailed Deer on Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge Louisiana written by Rebecca Marie Shuman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Survival of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns has declined in some areas of the southeastern U.S areas, and changing predator communities may complicate deer management scenarios. During 2013-15, I monitored survival of fawns and adult females on Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge (TRNWR), Louisiana. I determined cause-specific mortality and investigated variables influencing fawn survival. I used site-specific vital rates to model population trajectories and explored potential effects of changes in fawn and adult survival rates. Predation by black bear (Ursus americanus) was the greatest source of fawn mortality but appears to be partitioned with predation from other species. Fawn survival was positively correlated with birth mass and closer proximity to older reforestation sites but negatively correlated with proximity to young reforestation and cropland. Under current harvest guidelines and observed fawn survival rates, deer populations on TRNWR are sustainable, but reductions in female harvest could be considered if fawn survival decreases.

Download or read book Cause specific Mortality of Neonatal White tailed Deer in Different Ecological Contexts written by Camille H. Warbington and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Survival Rates and Cause Specific Mortality of Mule Deer in South Central Oregon written by Elizabeth M. Mulligan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is critical for wildlife managers to understand the population dynamics of a harvested species, particularly for ungulates, which are a valuable wildlife resource. Due to concerns that mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) populations in Oregon were declining, more comprehensive data on population vital rates and the factors potentially affecting them were needed by resource managers. To meet this research need, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife implemented a seven year study to investigate habitat use and survival of mule deer in eastern Oregon. From 2005-2012, the agency radiocollared 621 mule deer in south-central Oregon in order to gain more comprehensive information about seasonal movement, seasonal and annual survival, and changes in habitat use for the population. I used the radio-telemetry data from this larger study to investigate mule deer survival rates and cause-specific mortality and the effects of deer seasonal distributions, movement behavior, and environmental factors such as annual and climatic variation. I used known-fate data for 408 adult female radio-collared mule deer to estimate monthly survival rates and to investigate a variety of factors that might affect these rates including seasonal distribution, temporal effects (seasonal, annual, and trends across season and year), movement behavior, and climatic covariates on differing scales. Variation in survival rates for this population of female mule deer in eastern Oregon was best explained by an additive effect of migration behavior, fall migration period, and precipitation levels on individual winter ranges. Survival was significantly higher for migratory deer than residents. Both groups had lower survival during the fall migration period (Oct-Nov) and a positive linear relationship between survival and winter precipitation in individual winter ranges. Annual survival estimates for migrants ranged from 0.81-0.82, which is similar to other findings, but survival rates for residents (0.76- 0.77) were low in comparison to survival rates for adult female mule deer in other parts of their range. I used a nonparametric cumulative incidence function estimator (NPCIFE) to generate annual cumulative incidence functions separately for males and females due to differing risks associated with each sex. The four competing sources of mortality I included in this analysis for males were legal harvest, illegal harvest, predation, and starvation, disease, vehicle or fence-collision combined as one category (i.e., other). For females in investigated predation, human-associated mortality (vehicle or fence), illegal harvest, and natural causes (starvation and disease). Annual risk functions were pooled across all years of the study to maximize sample size. For males, the cumulative risk was highest for legal harvest (0.249, 95%CI=0.172-0.326), with predation the next highest cause of mortality for this sex (0.104, 95%CI=0.042-0.611). For females, the cumulative risk was highest for predation, (0.044, 95%CI=0.028-0.065) with anthropogenic causes (0.038, 95%CI=0.021-0.054) and illegal harvest (0.031, 95%CI=0.17-0.054) also important sources of mortality. Higher monthly survival rates of migrants compared to residents (across all months of the biological cycle) suggested that leaving for potentially higher quality summer foraging grounds outweighed the cost of traveling through unfamiliar habitats and energy expenditure from migration. Conversely, it may also imply that the summer ranges for residents had a negative effect on survival due to habitat quality or human disturbance. Both migrants and residents had lower monthly survival during the fall migration period (Oct - Nov). Female mule deer were excluded from the state-managed bow and rifle hunting season during this study, but females may experience the negative effects of human disturbance associated with fall hunting activities. This time of year is also energetically costly for females, being that some may still be nursing, which could have an additive effect to the energy used to migrate or avoid human disturbance. Winter precipitation also had positive effect on survival for both groups, possibly because increased average winter precipitation resulted in increased winter forage quantity and quality. My results suggest that female survival rates observed during my study are on the low end of the range reported for this species and may be contributing to population declines of mule deer in Oregon. Annual estimates of male survival were also low, but it is unclear how that might contribute to overall population declines without more information on annual and seasonal variation in male survival. Surprisingly, I observed high levels of illegal harvest on female deer and evidence that female survival during the fall migration period, which overlaps Oregon's legal harvest season, was lower than other times of the year. It is unclear why the fall migration period negatively affects both migrants and resident deer similarly, but future research should attempt to determine the specific factors that are negatively impacting mule deer survival during this time period in south-central Oregon. In addition, as human development in the area continues to grow, it is important to consider migration paths and the habitat quality of both summer and winter ranges. My results suggested that conditions may differ between summer ranges in particular, for residents vs. migrants, and understanding these differences may be the key to increasing survival of female mule deer in Oregon. Sharing information from this study with law enforcement and the general public may be the first step towards increasing awareness of, and thereby reducing, the relatively high levels of illegal harvest I documented for the female population. Future research should focus on investigating the differences in habitat quality for residents versus migrants, the factors that decrease survival during fall migration for both groups, and the social and economic factors that contribute to the illegal harvest of female mule deer in eastern Oregon.

Download or read book Selected References on Management of White tailed Deer 1910 to 1966 written by Neil Wetmore Hosley and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bibliography was compiled to partially update and include references previously cited in the "Management of the White-tailed Deer in North America". Excluded from this revision are generally accounts with no apparent, new contribution to management, regional population data, annual kill reports, articles on diseases and parasites, taxonomic and physiologic studies, and mimeographed material not easily obtainable. Most of the main forestry and wildlife periodicals and the indexing publications such as Biological Abstracts, Wildlife Review, and Dissertation Abstracts are covered. Abbreviations used follow, in general, those approved for the Journal of Wildlife Management.

Download or read book White tailed Deer Ecology and Management in Southern Wisconsin written by William E. Ishmael and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Winter Severity Deer Nutrition and Fawning Characteristics written by Michelle Carstensen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: