Download or read book European Preference Strategic Autonomy and European Defence Fund written by Vincenzo Camporini and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT. It was the aim of this paper to ask three authors from different backgrounds how they saw the connections between two notions, strategic autonomy and European preference, and the European Defence Fund (EDF), the European Commission initiative currently submitted to the European Council and the European Parliament for approval. These three authors were chosen for their diverse origins. The first of them, Vincenzo Camporini, vice-president of the Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI), was successively Chief of Staff of the Italian Air Force and of the Italian Defence General Staff. He expresses the military man’s point of view. The second, Dick Zandee, is Senior Research Fellow at the Dutch Clingendael Institute. Lastly, Keith Hartley is a British economist at the university of York who has worked for many years on the defence industry. It would inevitably be reductive to synthesize their arguments: their viewpoints are also those of individuals, not of representatives of institutions. And yet a number of general lines of argument emerge. Though Vincenzo Camporini stresses that Europeans’ efforts should contribute to strengthening the European pillar of NATO and that the European Union will still have to depend on some NATO resources going forward, he nonetheless takes the view that there is a recurrent capability shortfall on the Europeans’ part and that a certain level of strategic autonomy is required to enable constructive dialogue to take place within the alliance. For that reason, Europeans must make their own contributions, including with regard to the most demanding scenarios.He refers, for example, to satellite surveillance capabilities as a way of acquiring autonomy in this field, of target identification capabilities and different enablers such as airborne early warning aircraft with tactical command and control capabilities, as well as precision guided munitions. Lastly, General Camporini takes the view that the European Defence Technological and Industrial Base (EDTIB) is a building block of that strategic autonomy and that the European Defence Fund can reinforce it, provided that states strive toward the reconciliation of their operational needs in the way that is required to develop cooperation and help strengthen the EDTIB.Dick Zandee and Keith Hartley both question the very notion of strategic autonomy. As Zandee sees it, it is inadequately defined from a political standpoint, for want of a definition of common interests and a common security and foreign policy. He does, however, note that the EU Global Strategy has defined a number of shared interests. These have to be promoted and defended by using all available EU instruments in a ‘joined up’ approach. The EU’s military instrument, however, lacks credibility. Therefore, EU strategic autonomy is very much dependent on developing credible military forces to back up the joined up approach.Lastly, he takes the view that Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) might actually lead to a broader definition of strategic autonomy for the countries who will be part of it, assuming they will develop capabilities to enable them to conduct the high-end missions of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP).Lastly, Keith Hartley wonders about the cost of this strategic autonomy. He sees it as necessarily having a cost. Vincenzo Camporini also takes the view that defence funding will have to be increased if the aim is to build this strategic autonomy. Hartley deplores the absence of measuring tools relating to the cost of this strategic autonomy itself, to the concept which isn’t defined at the EU level—an analysis he shares with Dick Zandee—and also to the positive effect of strategic autonomy, which cannot be assessed either in terms of the defence of EU interests or in economic or employment terms.Overall, though no one challenges the basis of the European Union and its member states’ thinking on strategic autonomy or the resolve to develop such autonomy, the difficulty of defining the scope of that strategic autonomy represents a handicap when it comes to assessing how this relates to the European Defence Fund. For Keith Hartley, European preference is undoubtedly a way to acquire that strategic autonomy, while the European Defence Fund is mainly, as he sees it, a way for Europeans to achieve more efficient defence spending. In Vincenzo Camporini’s view, the European Defence Fund ought to be mainly directed at financing the equipment required for developing the EU’s strategic autonomy, which itself would lead to European preference in this field. As Jean-Pierre Maulny sees it, the European Defence Fund creates by its very nature a European preference, since its aim—particularly with the European Defence Industrial Development Programme—is to develop the EDTIB within the framework of the EU’s industrial policy instruments. For that reason, the eligible entities can only be European. It is, however, necessary to reconcile this principle with the need not to close down cooperation on armaments with other countries, so as to take advantage of the most high-performance equipment. In doing so, two conditions must nonetheless be respected: non-European economic entities must not be able to receive monies from the European Defence Fund, and EU member states, together with the companies that participate in such cooperation, must have control of the technologies developed with EU funds. Lastly, Jean-Pierre Maulny takes the view that priority funding must be given to the most strategic capacities through the European Defence Fund, particularly in the case of the member states that will join PESCO, this being necessary to develop the EU’s strategic autonomy

Download or read book Strategic autonomy under the spotlight written by Frédéric Mauro and published by GRIP. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic autonomy is the latest fashionable concept, in Paris and Brussels alike. It appears no fewer than 24 times in the most recent French strategic review and there is not a single European strategic document, however insignifi cant, that makes no mention of it.

Download or read book European Strategic Autonomy and Small States Security written by Giedrius Česnakas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-26 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses whether the EU’s drift towards European strategic autonomy presents a challenge or a window of opportunity for its small member states to advance their security interests. The volume presents small states’ perceptions of European strategic autonomy, highlighting their expectations and concerns. The chapters focus on the depth and breadth of European strategic autonomy, national security considerations, assessment of the impact on transatlantic relations, the expected outputs, and its potential impact on the EU’s institutional structure. It also shows how systemic circumstances and the interests of powerful states, either belonging to the EU (France, Germany, and Poland) or having a significant say in European security architecture (the US), establish opportunities and constraints for the small states to shape European strategic autonomy. In particular, the study focuses on the diverging interests of the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Hungary, and the Netherlands. It demonstrates that, in most cases, European strategic autonomy is perceived not as an alternative to NATO but as a supplementary element that could facilitate the development of national military capabilities, indigenous defence industries and resilience to non-military threats. Ultimately, the book suggests that national approaches towards European strategic autonomy mainly stem from pragmatic national security and foreign policy considerations, while largely ignoring grand strategic ideas. This book will be of much interest to students of European politics, security studies, and international relations. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Download or read book Facing War Rethinking Europe s Security and Defence written by Serena Giusti and published by Ledizioni. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia’s attack on Ukraine has sent shockwaves across Europe and the world. While the current war is a geopolitical turning point, it remains unclear whether it will trigger a quantum leap forward for European defence policies and for the role of the European Union as a security provider. This Report investigates whether we can expect a further convergence of European strategic cultures, and on collaboration among Europeans to generate the required military capabilities and integrate their forces. Most importantly, it finds that the timely implementation of the EU’s Strategic Compass will be a decisive test to establish whether Europeans are rising to the challenge of taking more responsibility for their security and defence.

Download or read book Strategic Autonomy and the Defence of Europe written by Hans-Peter Bartels and published by . This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Open Strategic Autonomy in European Defence what Countries Must Do written by Dick Zandee and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Policy brief assesses the scope for a closer coordination and synchronisation of the defence policies, planning and investment of the European countries in order to contribute to open strategic autonomy. First, the author provides an overview of the recent EU initiatives and how these relate to the efforts of the member states. Next, the question of what the member states should do to increase cross-border defence cooperation in terms of decision-making, budget cycles and defence planning will be addressed. The subsequent section assesses how the hurdles to moving from national to multinational defence planning and investment can best be overcome. The final section points to the way forward, including suggestions on the specific role that the Netherlands can play in enhancing European collaboration in defence programmes.

Download or read book The Strategic Compass and EU Space based Defence Capabilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union relies on space for its economic sovereignty and security and defence. Without space-based capabilities, the EU could not enjoy any degree of strategic autonomy in security and defence. Since the adoption and endorsement of the Strategic Compass, space has only increased its relevance for the EU in the area of security and defence. Indeed, the Compass calls for a dedicated EU Strategy for Space and Defence. Yet space and defence is not a new avenue of policy for the EU and defence cooperation frameworks such as Permanent Structured Cooperation and the European Defence Fund already fund and advance space-relevant capability programmes. A major challenge facing the EU as it develops its space policies is how to ensure that the Union can develop a credible space and defence strategy, while also investing in the most appropriate space-defence capabilities.

Download or read book Strategic Autonomy Towards European Sovereignty in Defence written by Daniel Fiott and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book European Strategic Autonomy in Defence written by Lucia Retter and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competing visions of European strategic autonomy have been widely debated in European Union (EU) policy circles. The term itself has undergone a fast evolution: from an initial focus on defence to inclusion of a much broader set of security considerations such as the economy, health or technology, to name just a few. At its core, however, the concept retains an important defence dimension. Yet the path towards greater EU defence integration has been bumpy and focused on setting up new institutions, frameworks and programmes often without providing adequate resources, sustained political support or clear outputs. This legacy raises questions for the future of European strategic autonomy in defence and means many experts still view the concept with scepticism. This study examines the implications of three different possible futures of European strategic autonomy in defence, using a scenario methodology. A first scenario envisages the development of a strong European pillar of NATO on the basis of current trends. A second scenario considers a faltering EU defence integration and transatlantic fragmentation. A third and final scenario envisages a strong EU defence that does not rely on NATO for access to military capabilities and structures. Through these scenarios, this study seeks to answer the fundamental question of 'What does European strategic autonomy in defence mean for the EU, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and EU-US relations'?

Download or read book Europe Strategy and Armed Forces written by Sven Biscop and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the European Union can pursue a grand strategy and become a distinct global actor in a world of emerging great powers. At the grand strategic level, its sheer economic size makes the EU a global power. However, the EU needs to take into account that many international actors continue to measure power mostly by assessing military capability. To preserve its status as an economic power, therefore, the EU has to become a power across the board, which requires a grand strategy, and the means and the will to proactively pursue one. The authors of this book aim to demonstrate that the EU can develop a purposive yet distinctive grand strategy that preserves the value-based nature of EU external action while also safeguarding its vital economic interests. The book analyses the existing military capability of the European Union and its bottom-up nature, which results in a national-based focus in the member-states, impeding deployment capability. A systematic realignment of national defence planning at the strategic level will enable each member-states to focus its defence effort on the right capabilities, make maximal use of pooling and specialization, and contribute to multinational projects in order to address Europe’s strategic capability shortfalls. A stronger Europe will therefore result, it is argued, a real global actor, which can then become an equal strategic partner to the United States, leading to a revitalized Transatlantic partnership in turn. This book will be of interest to students of military studies, European Union policy, strategic studies and International Relations generally.

Download or read book European Strategic Autonomy in Security and Defence written by Dick Zandee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European strategic autonomy in security and defence is the ability of Europe to make its own decisions, and to have the necessary means, capacity and capabilities available to act upon these decisions, in such a manner that it is able to properly function on its own when needed. From this definition it follows that four interrelated aspects have to be taken into account: the political, institutional, capabilities and technological-industrial dimensions.

Download or read book European Strategic Autonomy in Security and Defence Now the Going Gets Tough It s Time to Get Going written by Dick Zandee and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The EU and NATO written by Gustav Lindström and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book European Sovereignty written by Daniel Fiott and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strategic Autonomy and Economic Power written by Vitor Bento and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-04 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the effect of economic power on a state’s strategic autonomy. Strategic autonomy is a fundamental condition for the availability of strategic options in the interaction of states. This book provides the first clear operational definition of the concept and offers an analysis of the relevance of the national economy to strategic autonomy. The main sources of economic power – size of the economy, position in trade and technological networks, savings, wealth, and finance – and their impact on strategic autonomy are analyzed in depth. The strategic governance of the national economy is also addressed as a way of ensuring that national economic power can work as strategic power for a country, providing it with strategic autonomy. The strategies pursued by China – which in under four decades has gone from an underdeveloped state to the main challenger of the dominant world power – and Germany – which, despite being defeated in World War II, having no nuclear weapons and having chosen to be a "civilian power", became the dominant power in Europe – are analyzed in depth, as two paradigmatic examples of the theory developed by the book. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, economics, foreign policy and International Relations.

Download or read book Research and Technology written by Goddard Space Flight Center and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The New Intergovernmentalism written by Christopher J. Bickerton and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty years since the signing of the Maastricht Treaty have been marked by an integration paradox: although the scope of European Union (EU) activity has increased at an unprecedented pace, this increase has largely taken place in the absence of significant new transfers of power to supranational institutions along traditional lines. Conventional theories of European integration struggle to explain this paradox because they equate integration with the empowerment of specific supranational institutions under the traditional Community method. New governance scholars, meanwhile, have not filled this intellectual void, preferring instead to focus on specific deviations from the Community method rather than theorizing about the evolving nature of the European project. The New Intergovernmentalism challenges established assumptions about how member states behave, what supranational institutions want, and where the dividing line between high and low politics is located, and develops a new theoretical framework known as the new intergovernmentalism. The fifteen chapters in this volume by leading political scientists, political economists, and legal scholars explore the scope and limits of the new intergovernmentalism as a theory of post-Maastricht integration and draw conclusions about the profound state of political disequilibrium in which the EU operates. This book is of relevance to EU specialists seeking new ways of thinking about European integration and policy-making, and general readers who wish to understand what has happened to the EU in the two troubled decades since 1992.