Download or read book European Buildings written by Florian Richter and published by Paperboys on Campaign. This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the perfect add-on supplement not just for Helion's famous 'Paper Boys' book series but for other wargames periods and systems too. In this book you will find all the building you need for a 18th and 19th rural or city landscaped terrain. Here will be some 22 pages of artwork intended to be cut straight out of the book pages. Subjects to include village buildings, a church, farmhouse, windmill etc. The models are scaled to 28mm, but through deft use of a photocopier can be rescaled for other popular sizes of figures.
Download or read book Tall Buildings of Europe Middle East Africa written by Georges Binder and published by Images Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete reference book, beautifully illustrated, of the world's tall buildings.
Download or read book European Architecture written by George Henry Chase and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The European Office written by Juriaan van Meel and published by 010 Publishers. This book was released on 2000 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book STEALING FROM THE SARACENS written by DIANA. DARKE and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Building a European Digital Public Space written by Alexander Baratsits and published by iRights Media. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The disruptive transformation of the "public" through digitization has led to monopolizing structures on the Internet that make Europe dependent – both at an infrastructural level and politically – on non-European private and state players. At the same time, these structures undermine our democratic order. This book shows how the current crisis could boost our chances of breaking new ground by establishing an independent European Digital Public Space. The contributors are academics, actors from public and non-commercial media, and long-time activists in the field of the Commons.
Download or read book Modern Architecture in Europe written by Dennis J. De Witt and published by Plume Books. This book was released on 1987 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progresses in European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology written by Radu Vacareanu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-24 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encompasses the most challenging topics in earthquake engineering and seismology aiming at seismic risk reduction and reveals the outstanding progresses made in Europe in the past four years. Earthquakes pose a significant threat to countries around the world. But, equipped with the right knowledge and tools, engineers and seismologists can support policy and decision makers and building officials in creating a safer future for all of us. In this paradigm, the Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (3ECEES) is organized in Bucharest (Romania) in September 2022 by the Romanian Association for Earthquake Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest and National Institute for Earth Physics. This outstanding scientific event is the third in a series started in 2006 in Geneva, Switzerland and continued in 2014 in Istanbul, Turkey. The papers included in this book are written by the most prominent contemporary European scholars in the two-folded fields of 3ECEES. The Distinguished Nicholas Ambraseys, along with 28 invited lectures providing the best knowledge in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, are shared with the general readership of this book. The book is organized in three parts, as follows: (1) Seismicity, engineering seismology and seismic hazard, (2) Seismic risk assessment and mitigation, and (3) Structural earthquake engineering. The 29 contributed papers for this book are shared among these three parts almost equally. Chapter “The Challenge of the Integrated Seismic Strengthening and Environmental Upgrading of Existing Buildings” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Decarbonization in the European Union written by Sebastian Oberthür and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine how far internal policies in the European Union move towards the objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the EU by 80-95 per cent by 2050, and how or whether the EU's 2050 objective to 'decarbonise' could affect the EU's relations with a number of external energy partners.
Download or read book Building Energy Performance Assessment in Southern Europe written by Simone Ferrari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the issues relevant to the evaluation of the thermal energy balance of buildings in southern Europe and equips readers to carry out optimal building energy-performance assessments taking into account the peculiarities of the climatic context. Evaluation of building energy performance in this region is complex, since the significant need for cooling means that the effect of thermal capacity, glazed surfaces and ventilation and shading strategies have to be carefully considered when determining the indoor operative temperatures. This is fully explained, and critical issues in the application of the commonly employed, simplified procedures and assumptions are identified. In addition to the theoretical analysis, there are case studies that explore the energy performances of a set of typical building typologies within the variability of the Italian climate, considered as representative of conditions in southern Europe. These descriptions will support energy consultants and other stakeholders in assessing building energy performances beyond the mere simplified standard assumptions. Furthermore, the numerous graphs and tables documenting data can be easily adopted to serve as design advice tools for both new constructions and retrofits.
Download or read book Energy renovation of multi family buildings in Sweden written by Lina La Fleur and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residential buildings account for 27% of the final energy use in the European Union. In cold climates, space heating represents the largest proportion of the energy demand in residential buildings. By implementing energy efficiency measures (EEMs) in existing buildings, energy use can be significantly reduced. The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive states that renovations of buildings offer an opportunity to improve energy efficiency. Renovations that include measures implemented with the specific purpose of reducing energy use are referred to as energy renovations. In addition to improving energy efficiency, an energy renovation can also improve the indoor environment. Sweden, like many other European countries, faces the challenge of renovating an ageing building stock with poor energy performance. Improving energy efficiency and performing energy renovations in a cost-effective manner is central, and optimization approaches are often used to identify suitable EEMs and energy renovation approaches. New buildings usually feature better energy performance compared to older buildings, and one approach for reducing energy use in the building sector could be to demolish old buildings with poor thermal performance and build new buildings with better thermal performance. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate energy renovations of multi-family buildings with regard to space heating demand, life cycle costs, indoor environment and primary energy use. The choice between energy renovation of a multi-family building and the demolition and construction of a new one is also investigated with regard to life cycle costs (LCCs). A Swedish multi-family building in which energy renovation has been carried out is used as a case study. The building was originally constructed in 1961 and has a lightweight concrete construction. The renovation included improving the thermal performance of the building envelope and replacing the exhaust air ventilation system with a mechanical supply and exhaust air ventilation system with heat recovery. The methods used in the studies include dynamic whole building energy simulation, life cycle cost analysis and optimizations, and a questionnaire on indoor environment perception. Extensive field measurements have been performed in the building prior to and after renovation to provide input data and to validate numerical predictions. In addition to the studied building, the analysis of the choice between energy renovation and the demolition and construction of a new building includes three other building construction types, representing common Swedish building types from the 1940s, 1950s and 1970s. The analysis shows that the energy renovation led to a 44% reduction in space heating demand and an improved indoor environment. The indoor temperature was higher after the renovation and the perception of the indoor temperature, air quality and noise in the building improved. The EEMs implemented as part of the energy renovation have a slightly higher LCC than the optimal combinations of EEMs identified in the LCC optimization. It is not cost-optimal to implement any EEMs in the building if the lowest possible LCC is the objective function. Attic insulation has a low cost of implementation but has limited potential in the studied building with its relatively good thermal properties. Insulation of the façade is an expensive measure, but has a great potential to reduce heat demand because of the large façade area. Façade insulation is thus required to achieve significant energy savings. Heat recovery in the ventilation system is cost-effective with an energy saving target above 40% in the studied building. The primary energy factors in the Swedish Building Code favor ground source heat pumps as a heat supply system in the studied building. The LCC of renovation is lower compared to demolishing and constructing a new building. A large proportion of the LCC of demolition and new construction relates to the demolition of the existing building. In a building with a high internal volume to floor area ratio, it is not always possible to renovate to the same energy performance level as when constructing a new building. A more ambitious renovation approach is also needed compared to a building with a smaller volume to floor area ratio. Nära 27 % av den totala energianvändningen i den Europeiska Unionen sker i bostäder. I länder med kallt klimat används den största delen till uppvärmning. Genom att implementera energieffektiviseringsåtgärder i befintliga byggnaden kan energiprestandan signifikant förbättras. Europeiska Unionens direktiv om byggnaders energiprestanda framhåller att ett tillfälle att förbättra byggnaders energieffektivitet finns då byggnader ska renoveras. Byggnadsrenoveringar som innehåller åtgärder som implementeras med det primära syftet att minska energianvändningen kallas ofta energirenoveringar. Utöver energieffektivisering kan energirenoveringar ofta förbättra inomhusmiljön i byggnaden. Som många andra Europeiska länder står Sverige inför utmaningen att renovera ett åldrande byggnadsbestånd med låg energiprestanda. Kostnadseffektivitet är centralt vid energirenoveringar och energieffektivisering och optimeringsansatser är vanliga för att identifiera vilka energieffektiviseringsåtgärder som bör implementeras. Nya byggnader har som regel bättre energiprestanda jämfört med äldre byggnader, och en ansats till ett minska energianvändningen i byggnadssektorn överlag är således att riva äldre byggnader med låg energiprestanda och konstruera nya byggnader med bättre energiprestanda. Syftet med denna avhandling är att utvärdera energirenoveringar av flerfamiljshus avseende effekterna på uppvärmningsbehov, livscykelkostnader, inomhusmiljö och primärenergianvändning. Valet mellan energirenovering kontra att riva och bygga en ny byggnad analyseras också utifrån ett livscykelkostnadsperspektiv. För att studera detta har en svensk flerfamiljsbyggnad som genomgått energirenovering studerats. Byggnaden konstruerades 1961 och har en lättbetongstomme. När byggnaden renoverades förbättrades prestandan hos byggnadens klimatskal och frånluftsventilationssystemet byttes ut mot ett balanserat mekanisk ventilationssystem med värmeåtervinning. Metoderna som använts i studierna i denna avhandling är dynamisk byggandssimulering, beräkning och optimering av livscykelkostnader, samt en enkätstudie om hur de boende uppfattar sin inomhusmiljö. Omfattande mätningar har utförts i byggnaden och har använts som indata och för att validera resultaten. Utöver den studerade byggnaden har tre andra byggnadstyper inkluderats i analysen av valet mellan energirenovering och att riva och konstruera en ny byggnads. Dessa byggnadstyper representerar vanliga svenska byggnadstyper från 1940-, 1950- och 1970-talet. Analyserna visar att den renovering som genomfördes i byggnaden ledde till en minskning av uppvärmningsbehovet med 44 % och en förbättring av inomhusmiljön. Inomhustemperaturen var högre efter renoveringen, och de boende uppfattade temperaturförhållanden, luftkvalitet och bullersituationen som bättre efter renoveringen. De energieffektiviserande åtgärder som implementerades vid renoveringen gav en något högre livscykelkostnad än de åtgärder som identifierades som optimala genom livscykelkostnadsoptimering. Det är inte kostnadseffektivt att implementera några energieffektiviseringsåtgärder som del av renoveringen om den lägsta livscykelkostnaden är målsättningen. Vindsisolering är en förhållandevis billigt åtgärd att genomföra, men har begränsad potential i den studerade byggnaden vars vind redan har relativt god termisk prestanda. Fasadisolering kräver en större investering, men har större potential att minska energianvändning på grund av den stora fasadytan. Detta innebär att det är nödvändigt att isolera fasaden för att uppnå hög energibesparing. Värmeåtervinning i ventilationssystemet är kostnadsoptimalt om ett energisbesparingsmål på mer än 40 % ställs på energirenoveringen. Primärenergifaktorerna i den svenska byggnadskoden gynnar bergvärmepump som energitillförselsystem i de studerade byggnaden. Kostnaden för att energirenovera är lägre än att riva och bygga en ny byggnad. En stor andel av kostnaderna vid rivning och nybyggnation är kopplad till rivning och bortforsling av rivningsmassa. I byggnadstyper med stor inre volym i förhållande till uppvärmd golvyta är det inte alltid möjlig att energirenovera till en energiprestanda som är lika god som en ny byggnad. Det krävs också en mer ambitiös renovering för att uppnå samma energiprestanda som en byggnad med mindre inre volym i förhållande till uppvärmd golvyta.
Download or read book European Architecture in Details written by and published by Braun Publish,Csi. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European metropolises like Berlin, Rome, Barcelona, Istanbul or London are fascinating because of the history, the people, and the feeling for life – but especially because of the buildings. Architectural details of all epochs and styles are the focus of this book: the window as the eye of the house, balconies as retreats in the midst of the urban din or stairs as the embodiment of change. Aside from their functions, these details lend a building individuality, provide it with a face and determine its appearance. This volume takes the reader on a journey through the plazas and streets of the most exciting 20 metropolises of Europe, presenting an unusual variety of architectural details. Be it something new, old, beautiful or strange, every city appears in a thoroughly new light.
Download or read book Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2021 written by John R. Littlewood and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter “A Multi-functional Design Approach to Deal with New Urban Challenges” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Embodied Carbon in Buildings written by Francesco Pomponi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-28 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a single-source reference for whole life embodied impacts of buildings. The comprehensive and persuasive text, written by over 50 invited experts from across the world, offers an indispensable resource both to newcomers and to established practitioners in the field. Ultimately it provides a persuasive argument as to why embodied impacts are an essential aspect of sustainable built environments. The book is divided into four sections: measurement, including a strong emphasis on uncertainty analysis, as well as offering practical case studies of individual buildings and a comparison of materials; management, focusing in particular on the perspective of designers and contractors; mitigation, which identifies some specific design strategies as well as challenges; and finally global approaches, six chapters which describe in authoritative detail the ways in which the different regions of the world are tackling the issue.
Download or read book Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Flexibility in Smart Buildings written by Alessia Arteconi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue “Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Flexibility in Smart Buildings” addresses the relevant role of buildings as strategic instruments to improve the efficiency and flexibility of the overall energy system. This role of the built environment is not yet fully developed and exploited and the book content contributes to increasing the general awareness of achievable benefits. In particular, different topics are discussed, such as optimal control, innovative efficient technologies, methodological approaches, and country analysis about energy efficiency and energy flexibility potential of the built environment. The Special Issue offers valuable insights into the most recent research developments worldwide.
Download or read book Refurbishment of Prefabricated Buildings by Innovative Strategies written by Angelo Bertolazzi and published by FrancoAngeli. This book was released on 2024-02-01T00:00:00+01:00 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 445.35
Download or read book Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficient Cooling of Nonresidential Buildings written by Doreen E. Kalz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book supports HVAC planners in reducing the cooling energy demand, improving the indoor environment and designing more cost-effective building concepts. High performance buildings have shown that it is possible to go clearly beyond the energy requirements of existing legislation and obtaining good thermal comfort. However, there is still a strong uncertainty in day-to-day practice due to the lack of legislative regulations for mixed-mode buildings which are neither only naturally ventilated nor fully air-conditioned, but use a mix of different low-energy cooling techniques. Based on the findings from monitoring campaigns (long-term measurements in combination with field studies on thermal comfort), simulation studies, and a comprehensive review on existing standards and guidelines, this book acts as a commonly accessible knowledge pool for passive and low-energy cooling techniques.
