Download or read book EU Competition Law and Regulation in the Transport Sector written by Luis Ortiz Blanco and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EU Competition Law and Regulation provides an in-depth analysis of the EU regulation of the various transport modes, and of the EU competition rules in the transport sector. The text gives details of different substantive rules regarding, on the one hand, liberalization and regulation of transport markets and operations; and, on the other, restrictive agreements, dominant positions, and mergers, which apply to shipping, to aviation, and to inland transport. In addition to illustrating the procedures which govern enforcement of EU competition rules,and indicating how these differ from the usual procedures applied by the European Commission, this new edition addresses the recent emergence of a regulatory framework for different transport modes. The editors and authors have all been closely involved in the development of the Commission's practice in this area and have provided a detailed contemporary discussion of all relevant issues.
Download or read book Services of General Economic Interest in EU Competition Law written by Lei Zhu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-08 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive examination of the interaction between Services of General Economic Interest (SGEI) and EU competition law, covering in particular Article 106 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and state aid rules. It also takes the telecommunications, postal service and transport sectors as case studies, taking into account the technological, economic and political backgrounds to these sectors. The area of SGEI has undergone fundamental developments over the past three decades and the most recent changes in the Lisbon Treaty, recognizing SGEI as a shared value and granting explicit competence to the EU, mark its constitutional significance. The key issue is how to balance economic values underlying competitive markets and non-economic public service values such as universal access to essential services. The essence of the question is the relationship between the market and the state. This controversial issue is addressed through a critical analysis of a number of landmark EU Court judgments and Commission decisions over the decades. Offering a clear appreciation of the evolution of the EU regulatory framework on SGEI that lays out the limits and boundaries within which the Member States define, organize and fund SGEI, the book is particularly aimed at academics with a research interest in the interaction between public services and EU competition law, but as it also demonstrates clearly how the application of EU competition law has transformed the public utilities sectors, it will be of interest to law makers, legal professionals and policy makers as well. Dr. Lei Zhu is a Research Associate at the Institute of International Law at Wuhan University in Wuhan, China. He studied at the Institute for Competition & Procurement Studies of the Bangor University Law School in Wales, United Kingdom, where he obtained his PhD in law in 2015.
Download or read book Competition and Regulation in the Airline Industry written by Steven Truxal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the relationship between competition and the deregulation and liberalisation of the US and European air transport sectors reveals that the structure of the air transport sector has undergone a number of significant changes. A growing number of airlines are entering into horizontal and vertical cooperative arrangements and integration including franchising, codeshare agreements, alliances, ‘virtual mergers’ and in some cases, mergers with other airlines, groups of airlines or other complementary lines of business such as airports. This book considers the current legal issues affecting the air transport sector incorporating recent developments in the industry, including the end of certain exemptions from EU competition rules, the effect of the EU-US Open Skies Agreement, the accession of new EU Member States and the Lisbon Treaty. The book explores the differing European and US regulatory approaches to the changes in the industry and examines how airlines have remained economically efficient in what is perceived as a complex and confused regulatory environment. Competition and Regulation in the Airline Industry will be of particular interest to academics and students of competition law as well as EU law.
Download or read book EC Competition Law in the Transport Sector written by Luis Ortiz Blanco and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1996 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EC Competition Law in the Transport Sector provides an in-depth overview of the European competition rules to the transport sector. It provides a summary of the developments leading to the graduate extension of these rules to transport during the last decade. The book gives details of thedifferent substantive rules regarding restrictive agreements, dominant positions and mergers which apply to shipping, to aviation, and to inland transport. It explains the procedures which givern enforcement of EC competition rules and indicates how these differ from the usual procedures applied bythe European Commission. The authors have both been closely involved in the development of the Commission's practice in this area and are therefore able to provide an in-depth up-to-date discussion of all relevant issues.
Download or read book Competition Policy in Europe written by Johann Eekhoff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern industrial states desperately need more competition in order to generate growth and employment. Although the European Union pushed its member states to open several sectors to competition, there is much left to be done. At the same time powerful interest groups try to avoid or to reduce competition on European labour markets, in the health systems, in the transport and energy sector, in public services, and in many other areas. This book shows that there is much to be gained from intensifying competition and that especially consumers would benefit. One task is to lay a sound basis for the application of competition. The other task is to implement and guarantee competition. The authors cover both issues.
Download or read book Benchmarking and Regulation in Transport written by Chris Nash and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful book provides readers with an in-depth discussion of the use of benchmarking in regulation in the European transport sector. It argues that benchmarking is invaluable to regulators, particularly in the transport sector where the pressures of competition in - or for - the market are often absent. Written by a range of expert contributors, chapters offer an analysis of methodology, data requirements as well as practical examples of the use of benchmarking in the main transport modes (such as road, rail, seaports, airports and local public transport). Utilising illuminating case studies, the book also reviews the importance of benchmarking in the application of European competition law and considers the issue of obtaining appropriate and reliable data to achieve this. Benchmarking and Regulation in Transport will be an essential read for researchers, scholars and students in the fields of economic regulation, governance, transport economics and transport law. It will also be useful for policymakers and regulators who wish to further their understanding of the benefits of benchmarking in an efficiency-enhancing public policy strategy, especially within transport infrastructure.
Download or read book European Union Competition Law in the Airline Industry written by John Milligan and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2017-04-15 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the liberalisation of air transport in the EU in the late 1980s, with the application of competition law to agreements and practices within the EU, and between EU and non-EU airlines since 2004, competition has intensifi ed and the industry has evolved, with the emergence of low cost carriers, greater consolidation between full service carriers through mergers and alliances, and most recently, convergence of business models as airlines respond to competitive pressures. The enforcement of competition law has also increased within the EU – at EU and EU member state level and internationally. This practical and thoroughly researched book, minimising the need for cross-referencing, is the only current comprehensive study of European competition law from the perspective of the airline industry. Among the issues and topics covered are the following: - commercial agreements between airlines such as code-sharing, mergers and alliances and other joint ventures; - means of distribution such as computer reservation (or global distribution) systems and travel agents; - supply and distribution agreements; - abusive conduct by dominant companies including airports, airlines, or other companies; - cartels, including the Airfreight cartel case; - information exchange between competitors; - procedure, enforcement and private actions for damages; - state aid to airlines by Governments, through agreements between regional airports and low cost carriers, and aid to airports; and - subsidies by non-EU countries to airlines. The author also gives an overview of the liberalisation process, the European Common Aviation Area, agreements with non-EU countries, latest developments (including Brexit) and ongoing trends. As a practical guide to the application of competition law in relation to drafting commercial agreements, planning and structuring mergers and alliances, assessing existing agreements, or handling claims or disputes among airlines or airports, legal practitioners in the transport fi eld will fi nd this book to be of inestimable value, as will business persons at airlines and airports. For regulators, academics, and university libraries, this book will also prove itself indispensable.
Download or read book EU Competition Law applicable to liner shipping and seaports written by Philippe Corruble and published by Bruylant. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In twenty years, the globalization of trade has led to a change in scale that has upset the balance of power between the players in online containerized maritime transport and the logistics chain passing through European seaports. Three global shipping alliances dominate 90% of online containerized maritime transport, while further integrating port activities. Twelve Asian ports, eight of which are Chinese, are now among the top fifteen in the world. At the same time, Chinese interests, supported by public authorities and resources, are taking control of terminals and port companies in Europe, as part of the geopolitical project of the New Silk Roads. This economic and industrial context is emblematic of the challenges facing European competition law, which has so far accompanied rather than controlled these transformations. European competition rules will have to be mobilized in a global context, alongside the new rules on the control of foreign direct investment. This study takes stock of the new regulatory challenges in this sector of prime importance for the Union.
Download or read book Competition and Regulation in Shipping and Shipping Related Industries written by Antōnios M. Antapasēs and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maritime competition as an economic phenomenon is currently influenced by a number of factors both at EU and international level. From a legislative point of view, the recent repeal of EC Reg. 4056/1986 affects the treatment of horizontal agreements not only in the liner but also in the bulk sector, which was excluded until recently from the scope of EC secondary competition rules. However, competition distortions are not only a question of private arrangements. They emanate also from measures and practices incompatible with the freedom to provide services, Member states protectionism and international mandatory regulation. This volume comparatively and comprehensively examines all these issues, by bringing together contributions from distinguished academics. Particular focus is given on private shipping cartels, the liberalization of cabotage and port services, indirect competition-distorting factors and the latest developments on international regulation of carriage of goods by sea.
Download or read book Remedies in Network Industries written by Damien Geradin and published by Intersentia nv. This book was released on 2004 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, the European Union has undertaken major market-opening reforms in the area of network industries. The liberalization process has now been completed in the air transport and electronic communications sectors and has achieved considerable progress in other network industries, such as postal services, energy (electricity and gas), and rail transport. Creating competition in network industries is not an easy matter, however. Because they benefit from certain advantages such as a large initial market share and control of essential facilities, incumbents typically retain substantial market power in a number of relevant markets and may even use their position to prevent others from engineering such markets. Controlling market power is thus one of a number of key concerns in network industries. It can be achieved in two main ways; either through the adoption and implementation of sector-specific rules or through the application of competition rules. There are advantages and disadvantages to both options, but it is a combination of the two that generally prevents incumbents from abusing their market power in liberalized markets. Competition law and sector-specific regulation provide for the application of remedies on incumbents or other operators holding significant market power. Such remedies are either structural or a behavioural. In some occasions they will apply ex ante, while in others ex post. This book comprises a collection of outstanding essays dealing with the complex legal and economic issues raised by remedies in network industries. While some of these essays analyse remedies from a generic point of view, others focus on specific remedies applied specifically in particular sectors. The sectors covered in this volume include electronic communications, postal services, energy (electricity and gas), and air transport. The final paper also presents a discussion of the United States approach to remedies in network industries. The essays comprised in this book have been written by leading academics (lawyers and economists), as well as private practitioners.
Download or read book Regulating Competition in the EU written by Pernille Wegener Jessen and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competition law in the EU includes a wide range of topics and has developed into a very comprehensive area of regulation. This book covers the broader perspective of competition law, giving an overview of a very complex domain of EU law. Through all relevant sources of primary and secondary EU law the book presents the intricacies of the present competition framework for businesses and public entities. It draws the lines between the different areas, and between competition law and the internal market project. The book covers all aspects of traditional EU competition law, as well as issues not formally regulated in the TFEU section on competition rules – the competition issues of the liberalised sectors and public procurement. Among the matters covered are the following: • the substantive rules on Articles 101 and 102 TFEU; • the enforcement rules of these provisions; • merger control; • the liberalised sectors, with focus on energy, transport, postal services and telecommunication; • state aid; • public undertakings; and • public procurement. With its enhanced view of EU competition policy, regulation, and enforcement, and its emphasis on specific industry sectors, this book offers an unusually thorough view of aspects of competition law which play an essential role in regulating the conduct of undertakings and public authorities in the market. It will be of special value to any lawyer, policymaker, or scholar active in European competition law.
Download or read book The Application of EC Competition Law in the Maritime Transport Sector written by Geraldine Spiteri and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the possible changes in the way that liner shipping takes place, in consequence of the removal of the EU Block Exemption Regulation on Liner Conferences. It is expected that some changes would have to be made, in particular concerning collusive practices that might no longer be exempted, and would therefore fall under the EU competition law rules as found in the Treaty. Since it is an International Maritime Law book, it also focuses on the interaction of EU Law principles with international maritime law and current maritime trading practices, and why non EU shipping companies may need to take note of any such new development in the EU if they trade in any way which affects the EU market, or trade on EU routes. The book tries to look ahead in this regard, since such a move is in line with the EU's practice of increasing the application of competition law to different markets across Europe.
Download or read book Rediscovering Competition written by Roland Sturm and published by Springer-Verlag. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume consists of two parts. First, in two contributions, the basics of the debate on regulatory policy in Germany and Great Britain are presented. In a second step academics from Political Science, Economics and Law as well as decision-makers from Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary discuss competition law, institutional aspects of competition control offices and regulatory policy in East Central Europe with an additional focus on transport. The contributions of the decision-makers should be considered as insider reports.
Download or read book Introduction to European Union transport law written by Margherita Colangelo and published by Roma TrE-Press. This book was released on 2015-03-01 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is the result of four years of teaching European Union Transport Law to the law students of the University of Roma Tre. The handbook is divided into four modules, reflecting areas where the intervention of EU law has been most significant: air transport, rail transport, port services and passengers’ rights. With the evolution of transport regulation in the EU in these last years and thanks to the success of the first edition (over 2000 downloads in 18 months), we have considered it useful to expand the topics presented in this primer. In particular we have added in this second edition a specific module on the painstaking process of opening port services to competition. Furthermore a paragraph has been added on the Single European Sky (SES) programme. The second part of the handbook includes the most relevant judgments and decisions by the EU Courts and Commission which we found particularly useful to illustrate, from a practical point of view, the policies underlying EU transport law and the conflicting interests of the various stakeholders.
Download or read book European Air Transport Law Competition written by Jeffrey Goh and published by . This book was released on 1997-05-05 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opportunities afforded by air transport for both business and leisure travel are clearly enormous and this has never been more true than in the current climate of liberalisation in Europe. A wave of innovative fares and increased choice of routes and carriers has opened up the market place and has forced the traditionally protectionist and monopolistic air transport industry to adapt rapidly to the new environment. An understanding of the complex and varied rules and regulations that now define this sector is essential and in response to this need, European Air Transport provides a comprehensive analysis of the laws governing air transport competition within the Single European Market. The author concentrates on the key competition aspects which influence the air transport sector and provides detailed commentary on the existing legislation and cases while also looking ahead to their likely development as the liberalisation programme unfolds. The text, however, is not limited to questions of competition, but also recognises that this area must be looked at as a whole and accordingly the author also addresses issues of air transport law, politics and economics. With its wide-ranging coverage and detailed analysis, European Air Transport is an invaluable resource for all practitioners, both legal and financial, advising clients in this field and all those who presently work within the industry or are looking to expand business operations in the light of the increased opportunities now available.
Download or read book Integrated Transport Policy written by John Preston and published by Ashgate Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on land-based passenger transport – particularly rail and road – this collection assesses the implications for regulation and competition of integrated transport policies. Contributions to the volume trace the evolution of transport policy, focus on the pricing of infrastructure, examine the effectiveness of competition and the adequacy of the regulatory framework in the United Kingdom.
Download or read book EU Shipping Law written by Vincent Power and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 1996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A previous winner of the Comité Maritime International’s Albert Lilar Prize for the best shipping law book worldwide, EU Shipping Law is the foremost reference work for professionals in this area. This third edition has been completely revised to include developments in the competition/antitrust regime, new safety and environmental rules, and rules governing security and ports. It includes detailed commentary and analysis of almost every aspect of EU law as it affects shipping.
