Download or read book ESTABLISHING THE TEST RETEST RELIABILITY OF CONTRALATERAL AUDITORY SUPPRESSION OF TRANSIENT EVOKED OTO ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN A COHORT OF NORMAL HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS FOR THE PURPOSE OF DEVELOPING AN EVALUATION TOOL FOR CONCUSSION written by Indika Mahawattage and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In clinical practice, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) are used to assess hearing impairments in several cohorts. The TEOAE can be evoked in healthy cochlea by presenting a brief auditory stimulus in the form of a series of clicks. Similarly, TEOAE signals can be suppressed in the ipsilateral ear by presenting an alternative sound to the contralateral ear through stimulation of either the medial olivo-cochlear (MOC) reflex or acoustic reflex (AR). The suppression effect results from either due to attenuation of the otoacoustic emissions generation by the cochlear outer hair cells through the activation of MOC reflex or due to the obliteration of their transmission by the activation of middle ear muscle reflex (Acoustic Reflex). In individuals that suffer a brain injury, such as a concussion, the neuronal pathways that enable CASTEOAE may be disturbed which in turn will restrict the ability to invoke the contralateral suppression effect. Moreover, since a person performing the test cannot manipulate TEOAE signals, the technique could provide an objective measure of concussion status and severity.The following study was designed to measure the test-retest reliability of the CASTEOAE as a first step in establishing the CASTEOAE phenomenon as an evaluation tool for concussion assessment. A convenience sample of 30 healthy individuals, 16-50 years of age completed the CASTEOAE test on two separate occasions, using a 14-day between test interval. The MOC reflex was activated using broadband noise of 60 dB SPL while the Acoustic Reflex was elicited by presenting a broadband noise of 80 dB SPL to the contralateral ear. The OAE amplitudes were recorded across 5 half octave bands in each ear. Test-retest reliability was estimated with the intraclass correlation coefficient procedure using a one-way random effects model for n=30, k (trials)=2. Confidence intervals for the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and measures of homogeneity of variance were also calculated for each condition. Reliability estimates for CASTEOAE test scores were calculated for the TEOAE scores with and without contralateral suppression (Primary measures) of the MOC reflex and separately for the Acoustic Reflex. ICCs of the Total OAE responses for both MOC reflex and Acoustic reflex demonstrated as high as 0.9 in both ears and the ICCs of the fractional octave band for the MOC reflex ranged from 0.6 (left ear @1000 Hz) to 0.95 (right ear @ 4000 Hz), and 0.75 (left ear @1000 Hz) to 0.97 (right ear @ 4000 Hz) for the AR. These data suggest that the MOC and AR reflexes were each significantly repeatable upon test and retest in the sample. In addition, CASTEOAE test suppression of the acoustic reflex was greater than MOC reflex suppression; and each participant showed unique TEOAE distribution patterns across the 5 frequency half octave bands, which were consistent over time. The results support the use of the CASTEOAE test as a reliable non-invasive approach to evaluate the functional status of the auditory efferent system and its neural connections with the rest of the brain and the use of this stable and objective measure as a clinical tool to assess a concussion injury.
Download or read book Establishing the Test Retest Reliability of Contralateral Auditory Suppression of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions in a Cohort of Healthy Individuals written by Indika Pradeepa Kumari Gunasena Mahawattage and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In clinical practice, Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) are used to assess hearing impairments in several cohorts. The TEOAE can be evoked in healthy cochlea by presenting a brief auditory stimulus in the form of a series of clicks. Similarly, TEOAE signals can be suppressed in the ipsilateral ear by presenting an alternative sound to the contralateral ear through stimulation of either the medial olivo-cochlear (MOC) reflex or acoustic reflex (AR). The suppression effect results from either due to attenuation of the otoacoustic emissions generation through the activation of MOC reflex or due to the obliteration of their transmission by the activation of middle ear muscle reflex (acoustic reflex). In individuals that suffer from brain injury, such as a concussion, the neuronal pathways that enable CASTEOAE may be disturbed which in turn will restrict the ability to generate TEOAEs and to invoke the contralateral suppression effect. Moreover, since a person performing the test cannot manipulate TEOAE signals, the technique could provide an objective measure of concussion status and severity. The following study was designed to measure the test-retest reliability of the CASTEOAE as a first step in establishing the CASTEOAE phenomenon as an evaluation tool for concussion assessment. A convenience sample of 30 healthy individuals, 16-50 years of age completed the CASTEOAE test on two separate occasions, using a 14-day between test interval. The MOC reflex was activated using broadband noise of 60 dB SPL while the Acoustic Reflex was elicited by presenting a broadband noise of 80 dB SPL to the contralateral ear. The OAE amplitudes were recorded across 5 half octave bands in each ear. The test-retest reliability was estimated with the intraclass correlation coefficient procedure using a one-way random effects model for n=30, k (trials)=2. Confidence intervals for the Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) and measures of homogeneity of variance were also calculated for each condition. The reliability estimates for CASTEOAE test scores were calculated for TEOAE scores with and without contralateral suppression (Primary measures) of the MOC reflex and separately for the acoustic reflex. The ICCs of the total OAE responses for both MOC reflex and acoustic reflex demonstrated as high as 0.9 in both ears and the ICCs of the fractional octave band for the MOC reflex ranged from 0.6 (left ear @1000 Hz) to 0.95 (right ear @ 4000 Hz), and 0.75 (left ear @1000 Hz) to 0.97 (right ear @ 4000 Hz) for the AR. This data suggests that the MOC and AR reflexes were each significantly repeatable upon test and retest in the sample. In addition, CASTEOAE suppression of the acoustic reflex was greater than MOC reflex suppression; and each participant showed unique TEOAE distribution pattern across the 5 half octave frequency bands, which were consistent over time. The results support the use of the CASTEOAE test as a reliable non-invasive approach to evaluate the functional status of the auditory efferent system and its neural connections with the rest of the brain and the use of this stable and objective measure as a clinical tool to assess a concussion injury.
Download or read book Test retest Reliability of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in the High Frequency Range written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Uncorrected OCR) Abstract of dissertation entitled Test-retest Reliability of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in the High Frequency Range submitted by NG, Hoi-Yee Iris for the degree of Master of Science in Audiology at the University of Hong Kong in May 2002 In the current research study, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in 35 young Chinese adults (61 ears) with normal audiometric thresholds using an IL096 OAE system with the default DP-gram protocols as well as user-defined DP spectrum protocols in the high frequency range. Two series of retest were conducted 20 minutes and an average of 15 days later, and the resolution setting for the DP-gram measurements was varied between 1 to 8 points per octave in each test series. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were also recorded in each test series for comparison purposes. Test-retest partial correlation and standard error of measurement (SEM) were computed to reflect the test-retest reliability of the OAE amplitudes, noise floor and signal-to-noise ratio. Results suggested that OAE amplitudes in the default frequency range (1 to 6 kHz) between test and retest were highly correlated with an average correlation coefficient of 0.85 and SEM was found to be an average of 2.4 dB, while signal-to-noise ratio and noise floor yielded lower correlation coefficients and higher SEMs. OAE amplitudes in the higher frequency range of 6.5 to 7 kHz were also significantly correlated between test and retest (correlation coefficient ranged from 0.74 to 0.80) with SEM from 2.7 to 3.5 dB. Yet DPOAEs at 8 kHz were present with a positive signal-to-noise ratio in only one-third of ears, were less test-retest correlated, and the amplitude revealed a high SEM of 5 dB. No apparent difference was demonstrated among various resolution settings and between short- and long- term retest. This implies that DPOAEs in the high frequency range (6.5 to 7 kHz) could be a potential clinical tool for mo.
Download or read book DPOAEs Test retest Reliability with Varying L1 L2 Ratios in Normal Hearing Individuals written by Koren R. Wasilka and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reliability of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) using various stimulus intensity levels was evaluated on the ears of 30 young adult volunteers with normal hearing and normal middle ear function. The purpose was to determine if test-retest reliability of DPOAEs varies on individuals with normal hearing when two test parameters, intensity level and L1/L2 ratio, are changed.
Download or read book Automatic Detection of Selective Auditory Attention Via Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions written by Eric Wan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scan C written by Robert W Keith and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progressive Tinnitus Management written by James Henry and published by Plural Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying DVD contains ... "'Managing your tinnitus.'"--P. vi.
Download or read book Developments in Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology written by John R. Crawford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters published in this volume developed from presentations, and their associated discussions at a conference organised by the Scottish Branch of the British Psychological Society, held at Rothesay, Isle of Bute, Scotland in September 1987. The goal of the conference was to bring together workers across a wide area of neuropsychological research to discuss recent technological advances, developments in assessment and rehabilitation, and to address theoretical issues of current interest. Thus, the chapters in this book include contributions on the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography in neuropsychological research, studies of hemi spheric specialisation and cooperation, alcoholic and Alzheimer type dementia, prosopagnosia and facial processing, the assessment, management and rehabilitation of memory problems, the assessment of premorbid intellectual status and issues in developmental neuropsychology. Many of those engaged in research and clinical practice in neuropsychology encounter a range of topic at least as wide as this in their professional lives. The opportunity for researchers and clinicians to discuss some of the key issues in the field was invaluable and we hope that readers gain as much from the material presented here as the participants did from the meeting itself.
Download or read book Tinnitus Pathophysiology and Treatment written by Aage R. Moller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-11-16 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding tinnitus and treating patients with tinnitus must involve many disciplines of basic science and clinical practice. The book provides comprehensive coverage of a wide range of topics related to tinnitus including its pathophysiology, etiology and treatment. The chapters are written by researchers and clinicians who are active in the areas of basic science such as neurophysiology and neuroanatomy and in clinical specialties of psychology, psychiatry, audiology and otolaryngology.* Comprehensive coverage of the pathology and cause of tinnitus including genetics * Hyperacusis, phonophobia and other abnormalities in perception of sounds * The role of neural plasticity in tinnitus
Download or read book Occupational Hearing Loss written by Robert Thayer Sataloff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-04-24 with total page 1007 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in clear and accessible language, Occupational Hearing Loss provides a comprehensive overview of the hazards of occupational noise exposure, causes of hearing loss, testing of hearing, criteria to distinguish occupational hearing loss, and more. This third edition features expanded discussion of topics such as autoimmune inner ear disease and diagnosing occupational hearing loss. It includes new chapters on auditory evoked potentials, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, malignancies of the ear, otologic complications of scuba diving, and hearing in dogs. This text also contains updated and revised material on auditory processing disorders, systemic causes of hearing loss, and more.
Download or read book Neurological Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury written by Norbert Weidner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clinically focused book aims to cover for the first time all of the neurological aspects relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord disease. Furthermore, innovative neurorestorative therapeutic strategies - aiming for repair of the damaged spinal cord and/or reorganization of the remaining nervous system - with significant potential for translation into clinical routine are presented. The book covers a comprehensive list of topics, including epidemiology, neuroanatomy, etiology of compressive and non-compressive spinal cord injury, imaging, neurophysiology, neurological sequelae, and complications with emphasis on dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Both clinically established and preclinical therapies are discussed in detail. The book is suited for trainees and practicing clinicians including neurologists, spine surgeons, rehabilitation specialists, neuroradiologists, and occupational/physical therapists; it will also be of value to neuroscientists involved in research into spinal cord disease.
Download or read book Binaural Hearing written by Ruth Y. Litovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Binaural Hearing involves studies of auditory perception, physiology, and modeling, including normal and abnormal aspects of the system. Binaural processes involved in both sound localization and speech unmasking have gained a broader interest and have received growing attention in the published literature. The field has undergone some significant changes. There is now a much richer understanding of the many aspects that comprising binaural processing, its role in development, and in success and limitations of hearing-aid and cochlear-implant users. The goal of this volume is to provide an up-to-date reference on the developments and novel ideas in the field of binaural hearing. The primary readership for the volume is expected to be academic specialists in the diverse fields that connect with psychoacoustics, neuroscience, engineering, psychology, audiology, and cochlear implants. This volume will serve as an important resource by way of introduction to the field, in particular for graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, the faculty who train them and clinicians.
Download or read book Visual Mismatch Negativity vMMN a Prediction Error Signal in the Visual Modality written by Gabor Stefanics and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current theories of visual change detection emphasize the importance of conscious attention to detect unexpected changes in the visual environment. However, an increasing body of studies shows that the human brain is capable of detecting even small visual changes, especially if such changes violate non-conscious probabilistic expectations based on repeating experiences. In other words, our brain automatically represents statistical regularities of our visual environmental. Since the discovery of the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential (ERP) component, the majority of research in the field has focused on auditory deviance detection. Such automatic change detection mechanisms operate in the visual modality too, as indicated by the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) brain potential to rare changes. VMMN is typically elicited by stimuli with infrequent (deviant) features embedded in a stream of frequent (standard) stimuli, outside the focus of attention. In this research topic we aim to present vMMN as a prediction error signal. Predictive coding theories account for phenomena such as mismatch negativity and repetition suppression, and place them in a broader context of a general theory of cortical responses. A wide range of vMMN studies has been presented in this Research Topic. Twelve articles address roughly four general sub-themes including attention, language, face processing, and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, four articles focused on particular subjects such as the oblique effect, object formation, and development and time-frequency analysis of vMMN. Furthermore, a review paper presented vMMN in a hierarchical predictive coding framework. Each paper in this Research Topic is a valuable contribution to the field of automatic visual change detection and deepens our understanding of the short term plasticity underlying predictive processes of visual perceptual learning.
Download or read book Development of the Inner Ear written by Matthew Kelley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-04 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of compreh- sive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory - search. The volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to betterunderstandthefundamentaltheoriesanddatain?eldsofhearingthatthey may not normally follow closely. Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each servesas a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature. Eachvolumeintheseriesconsistsofafewsubstantialchaptersonaparticular topic. In some cases, the topics will be ones of traditional interest for which there is a substantial body of data and theory, such as auditory neuroanatomy (Vol. 1) and neurophysiology (Vol. 2). Other volumes in the series deal with topics that have begun to mature more recently, suchasdevelopment,plasticity, and computational models of neural processing. In many cases, the series - itorsarejoinedbyaco-editorhavingspecialexpertiseinthetopicofthevolume.
Download or read book Auditory Prostheses written by Fan-Gang Zeng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cochlear implants are currently the standard treatment for profound sensorineural hearing loss. In the last decade, advances in auditory science and technology have not only greatly expanded the utility of electric stimulation to other parts of the auditory nervous system in addition to the cochlea, but have also demonstrated drastic changes in the brain in responses to electric stimulation, including changes in language development and music perception. Volume 20 of SHAR focused on basic science and technology underlying the cochlear implant. However, due to the newness of the ideas and technology, the volume did not cover any emerging applications such as bilateral cochlear implants, combined acoustic-electric stimulation, and other types of auditory prostheses, nor did it review brain plasticity in responses to electric stimulation and its perceptual and language consequences. This proposed volume takes off from Volume 20, and expands the examination of implants into new and highly exciting areas. This edited book starts with an overview and introduction by Dr. Fan-Gang Zeng. Chapters 2-9 cover technological development and the advances in treating the full spectrum of ear disorders in the last ten years. Chapters 10-15 discuss brain responses to electric stimulation and their perceptual impact. This volume is particularly exciting because there have been quantum leap from the traditional technology discussed in Volume 20. Thus, this volume is timely and will be of real importance to the SHAR audience.
Download or read book Child Language written by Michelle Aldridge and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 1996 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprises 17 papers presented at the Child Language Seminar, Bangor 1994, with contributions in areas as diverse as bilingual development, phonological disorders, sign language development, and the language of Down's syndrome children.
Download or read book Limitations Neurologiques Des Op rations A riennes written by North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Aerospace Medical Panel. Symposium and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
