Download or read book Essays on Politics and Health Economics written by Linuz Aggeborn and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Political Economy and Health Economics written by Raphael Godefroy and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Politics Health and Health Care written by Theodore R. Marmor and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-24 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two towering figures in the field of health care policy analysis, Theodore R. Marmor and Rudolf Klein, reflect on a lifetime of thought in this wide-ranging collection of essays published in the wake of President Obama’s health care reform. Presented as a kind of dialogue between the two, the book offers their recent writings on the future of Medicare; universal health insurance; conflicts of interest among physicians, regulators, and patients; and many other topics.

Download or read book Essays in Public and Health Economics written by Thomas Minten and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Medicine and Social Justice written by Rosamond Rhodes and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique and comprehensive second edition of an important volume presents writing from renowned authors about achieving social justice in medicine. Each of the 42 chapters addresses continuing and emerging policy challenges facing medicine. They deepen our understanding of theoretical and practical aspects of issues in the contemporary debate.

Download or read book The Indispensable Milton Friedman written by Lanny Ebenstein and published by Regnery Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collects essays from the economist, providing insights into topics that continue to drive the public debate from health care reform and drug legalization to school vouchers and the economics of John Maynard Keynes.

Download or read book Essays in Health Economics and Political Economy written by Sarah Beate Eichmeyer and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores various topics in public and health economics and political economy. It studies pathways into deep poverty, substance use disorders, and homelessness, as well as the influence of social media use on societal outcomes. The first chapter is coauthored with Christina Kent and is concerned with family formation among low-income populations. Pregnancy and new parenthood mark formative periods that can influence the social, emotional and economic lives of parents profoundly. In this chapter, we map out how these events shape the living conditions of women with low incomes, focusing on housing stability (including homelessness), social assistance use, mental health, and crime. We use panel data consisting of administrative records from all residents of a large urban US county. Our sample encompasses all births to women of low SES in the county. For identification, we leverage an event study design around pregnancy. We further employ two dynamic difference-in-difference designs: One compares the outcomes of women who do vs. do not experience miscarriages, and one compares the outcomes across events for women who first experience a miscarriage, followed by a live birth in the subsequent years. We find that new parenthood is associated with large, 15-30 percentage point increases in the uptake of Medicaid, SNAP and TANF benefits, with a 44% increase in movement into public housing (on a base of 4% pre-pregnancy), persistent increases in homelessness encounters (30-50%), large reductions in criminal behavior, and short-term increases in treatments of substance use disorder. The second chapter is coauthored with Jonathan Zhang and investigates how physician opioid-prescribing behavior impacts patient outcomes and behavior. In the past two decades, death rates from opioids have seen a fivefold increase and opioid prescribing has emerged as a leading public health problem in the United States. Clinical guidelines leave many opioid prescribing decisions to physician judgement; we study the extent to which a single opioid prescription in an emergency department, for these marginal cases, can induce long-term dependence and impact health and economic outcomes of a patient. We tackle these questions by leveraging quasi-random assignment of patients to physicians, who vary in their propensity to prescribe opioids. We analyze the universe of electronic health record data for a particularly vulnerable population-- veterans--and find that a single opioid prescription can have strong adverse effects on a veteran's long-term outcomes. A single opioid prescription induces a 1.2 percentage point (pp) increase in the probability of long-term prescription opioid use, a 0.34pp increase in development of an opioid use disorder, and a 0.075pp increase in opioid overdose mortality. We find suggestive evidence of both use of and death by heroin and synthetic opioids. Moreover, in settings where the supply of legal prescription opioids is restricted, veterans are more likely to resort to illicit opioids, highlighting the complex interdependencies between legal and illicit sources of opioid supply. The third chapter, also coauthored with Jonathan Zhang, builds on the first chapter by expanding into the primary care setting and the broader effects of having a high opioid-prescribing primary care provider (PCP). Primary care is the most frequently utilized health service and is the source for nearly half of all opioids prescribed in the United States. This chapter studies the impact of exposure to high prescribing primary care providers (PCP) on opioid abuse, and physical and mental health among veterans. Using over two decades of electronic health records, we exploit variation in opioid prescribing tendency across providers in the same facility, in conjunction with quasi-random assignment of providers to new patients. We find that assignment to a PCP who prescribes opioids at a 3 percentage point (pp) higher rate (equivalent to the difference between a 90th and 10th percentile prescriber within a facility) is associated with an increase in the probability of long-term opioid use by 0.72pp, development of an opioid use disorder by 0.12pp, and five-year opioid overdose mortality by 0.008pp. Veterans' mental health deteriorates; the three-year likelihood of attempted suicide or self-harm increases by 0.023pp and depression diagnosis increases by 0.18pp. Investigating into the mechanisms, we find evidence consistent with high opioid prescribers being less likely to refer patients to alternative pain management, adhere to clinical recommendations on naloxone distribution, or refer patients to substance use disorder treatment. The final chapter is coauthored with Hunt Allcott, Luca Braghieri, and Matthew Gentzkow and evaluates social media's influence on society. The rise of social media has provoked both optimism about potential societal benefits and concern about harms such as addiction, depression, and political polarization. In a randomized experiment, we find that deactivating Facebook for the four weeks before the 2018 US midterm election (i) reduced online activity, while increasing offline activities such as watching TV alone and socializing with family and friends; (ii) reduced both factual news knowledge and political polarization; (iii) increased subjective well-being; and (iv) caused a large persistent reduction in post-experiment Facebook use. Deactivation reduced post-experiment valuations of Facebook, suggesting that traditional metrics may overstate consumer surplus.

Download or read book Health Economic Development and Household Poverty written by Sara Bennett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accessible and edited by authors based at a top institution, this book provides readers with an excellent summary in an easy-to-read style of this burgeoning field of research. In this volume Bennett, Gilson and Mills have gathered together essays written by academics and experts in the fields of health policy and economic development, each underscoring the need for political commitment to meet the needs of the poor and the development of strategies to build this commitment, covering: evidence regarding the links between health, economic development and household poverty evidence on the extent to which health care systems address the needs of the poor and the near poor innovative measures to make health care interventions widely available to the poor. Current and topical, this book is of great relevance to policy makers and practitioners in the field of international health and development and researchers engaged with global health and poverty as well as being ideal reading for students of international health and development.

Download or read book Essays on Health Economics written by Iga Rudawska and published by Young Writers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the problems of market mechanisms in health care from the perspective of changes in the Polish health care system. The principal goal of the book is to present possibilities, methods and outcomes of introduction into health care of the market mechanisms, rules and instruments. This book is predominantly theoretical but to illustrate changes examples are given from European health care systems. The book is addressed in particular to: students of economics, students of postgraduate courses in health care management and health policy, graduates of medical universities, health and social politicians and health care practitioners, in particular managerial staff of health care institutions.

Download or read book Being Reasonable about the Economics of Health written by Alan Williams and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers together, for the first time, a selection of the most important works of one of the world's most distinguished health economists - Alan Williams. It covers an extensive range of subjects in which Alan Williams has been decisively influential, and combines a moral approach to health economics with theoretical clarity and careful empirical application. The topics examined represent Alan Williams's humane principles as applied within practical contexts. At times these principles go against the current thinking in health economics and the financing of health care services. Despite this, his innovative contribution to health care economics has resulted in his work becoming an essential part of the subject. His pioneering research includes the meaning and measurement of health and need, cost-benefit analysis in health care, priority setting, quality adjusted life years (their invention, measurement and valuation), technology assessment and decision analysis. In each of these areas Alan Williams was a pioneer, and conventional practice in each case embodies methods and techniques devised or developed by him. This unique book offers insights into the vast experience of Alan Williams in both academia and policy making, and collects together papers which have not been widely disseminated. As such it will be of special interest to health economists, policymakers, health services managers, political scientists, health administrators and academics in social policy and social administration.

Download or read book Contemporary Health Economics Essays written by Shastri Pandey and published by . This book was released on 2023-08-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary Health Economics Essays" by Shastri Pandey offers a comprehensive exploration of the dynamic intersection between economics and modern healthcare systems. With a meticulous blend of insightful analysis and empirical research, Pandey delves into the pressing issues that shape health economics in today's world. This collection of essays presents a thought-provoking journey through topics such as healthcare policy reform, cost-effectiveness analysis, insurance market dynamics, and the role of technology in shaping healthcare delivery. Pandey's incisive writing elucidates the intricate relationships between economic principles, public health, and healthcare outcomes, shedding light on the challenges and opportunities faced by policymakers, practitioners, and researchers. Through rigorous examination and lucid exposition, Pandey navigates the reader through the complexities of health economics, unraveling its impact on healthcare accessibility, affordability, and quality. Drawing from a rich array of data and contemporary case studies, the author stimulates critical thinking about the choices and trade-offs inherent in healthcare resource allocation. "Contemporary Health Economics Essays" is an indispensable resource for students, scholars, and professionals seeking a deep understanding of the evolving landscape of health economics. Shastri Pandey's authoritative voice provides fresh perspectives, paving the way for informed discussions and evidence-based decisions that shape the future of healthcare worldwide.

Download or read book The Health of Nations written by Gavin Mooney and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why, despite vast resources being expended on health and health care, is there still so much ill health and premature death? Why do massive inequalities in health, both within and between countries, remain? In this devastating critique, internationally renowned health economist Gavin Mooney places the responsibility for these problems firmly at the door of neoliberalism. Mooney analyses how power is exercised both in health-care systems and in society more generally. In doing so, it reveals how too many vested interests hinder efficient and equitable policies to promote healthy populations, while too little is done to address the social determinants of health. Instead, Mooney argues, health services and health policy more generally should be returned to the communities they serve. Taking in a broad range of international case studies - from the UK to the US, South Africa to Cuba - this provocative book places issues of power and politics in health care systems centre stage, making a compelling case for the need to re-evaluate how we approach health care globally.

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics and Public Policy written by Olga V. Milliken and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in the Economics of Health and Medical Care written by Victor R. Fuchs and published by New York : National Bureau of Economic Research distributed by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1972 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of essays on the economics of health and health services in the USA - covers supply and demand, budgetary resources, cost and objectives with regard to medical care, and considers wages and income distribution among medical personnel, effects of health care on labour productivity, etc. References and statistical tables.

Download or read book Essays in Health Economics written by Hui Ding and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores various topics in health economics, specifically the use of different types of health care (i.e., mental health, durable medical equipment, and chronic disease management in primary care settings) and how public insurance policies affect the price and utilization of health care products and services. In Chapter 1, I explore the geographic variation in mental health care use among the Medicare population. Using administrative data from Medicare, I isolates the patient- and place-specific drivers of the geographic variation in mental health care use among elderly adults. Specifically, I use an event-study framework with individual fixed effects to study changes in mental health care utilization for patients who move across areas with differing rates of average utilization. My results show that 60 percent of the geographic variation is attributed to place-specific factors. I then explore components of the "place effect", finding that mental health care provider capacity explains only one tenth of it. Beyond that, local attitudes toward mental health play an important role, as shown by asymmetric responses for people who move from low-to-high and high-to-low care utilization areas, especially among those who were never diagnosed with any mental illness before moving. Lastly, I find a strong negative correlation between area-level mental health care utilization and suicide rates, and evidence that moving to high utilization areas is associated with a lower risk of self-harm-related Emergency Department visits. These findings suggest that promoting mental health care could benefit the elderly population, and that there is substantial scope for achieving this goal with interventions targeting place-specific factors. In Chapter 2, along with co-authors Mark Duggan and Amanda Starc, I study Medicare's competitive bidding program (CBP) for durable medical equipment (DME). We use Medicare claims data to examine the effect on prices and utilization, focusing on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices for sleep apnea. We find that spending falls by 47.2% percent after a highly imperfect bidding mechanism is introduced. This is almost entirely driven by a 44.8% price reduction, though quantities also fall by 4.3\%. To disentangle supply and demand, we leverage differential cost sharing across Medicare recipients. We measure a demand elasticity of -0.272 and find that quantity reductions are concentrated among less clinically appropriate groups. In Chapter 3, along with co-authors Yiwei Chen, Min Yu, Jieming Zhong, Ruying Hu, Xiangyu Chen, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie and Karen Eggleston, I investigate the effect of chronic disease management provided in primary health care (PHC) setting in rural China. Health systems globally face increasing morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases, yet many - especially in low- and middle-income countries - lack strong chronic disease management and PHC system. We provide evidence on China's efforts to promote PHC management using unique five-year panel data in a rural county, including health care utilization from medical claims and health outcomes from biomarkers. Utilizing plausibly exogenous variation in management intensity generated by administrative and geographic boundaries, we compare hypertension/diabetes patients in villages within two kilometers distance but managed by different townships. Results show that, compared to patients in townships with median management intensity, patients in high-intensity townships have 4.8% more PHC visits, 5.2% fewer specialist visits, 11.7% fewer inpatient admissions, and 3.6% lower medical spending. They also tend to have better medication adherence and better control of blood pressure. The resource savings from avoided inpatient admissions substantially outweigh the costs of the program.

Download or read book Essays in Health Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays in health economics related issues. In the first chapter, I estimated health insurance expansion's effects on young adults' employment using MEPS. In 2010 young adults were allowed to stay on their parent's health insurance plan until the age of 26 by a policy change under the ACA. I used a difference-in-differences model to estimate labor supply effects of this policy on young adults. 23-25-year-olds are in the treatment group, and 26-30-year-olds are in the control group. Additionally, I estimated heterogeneity of the policy's labor supply effect by socio-economic groups. I found that extensive and intensive labor supply decreased among males. The effect is greater among men in higher socio-economic group. In the second chapter, I analyzed whether internet use has an effect on patients' mental health using BRFSS data. Over the last decade internet use has become universal. It provides various health related tools and information sources which may affect patients' distress levels in several ways, and health related distress can have large impacts on quality of life. I used variation across states' "right of way" policies during the broadband boom period of 2001-2005. Using rights of way rules' easiness as a proxy for broadband penetration rates, I investigated whether patients' mental health levels changed differently in states with more lenient rights of way rules. I found that among men internet use improves patients' mental health. In the third chapter, I studied labor market effects of the early Medicaid expansions under the ACA in 2010 using data from Current Population Survey. The ACA extends public insurance coverage to low income childless adults, yet we know very little about the effect of a public health insurance extension on childless adults' labor supply. The ACA allowed states to extend Medicaid and a number of states opted in early and extended Medicaid in 2010. I utilized this variation among states to evaluate whether the policy had any effect on childless adults' employment. I found that the policy had no effect on labor supply of the overall population. I found evidence that the policy mainly affected near-retirement-aged childless.

Download or read book Essays on Health Economics and Public Policy written by Bokyung Kim (Ph. D. Economics) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a major public health concern both in the United States and worldwide. The three chapters of this dissertation examine the intended and unintended consequences of public policies designed to tackle SUDs. Chapter 1 explores the short- and long-run impacts of SUD treatment on human capital accumulation and labor market outcomes among at-risk adolescents. Specifically, I study the effect of treatment center schools, which provide residential SUD treatment and have a school on site. Using administrative data that link individual-level records across multiple government agencies in Texas, I examine within-individual changes in outcomes around the time of SUD treatment with a difference-in-differences design. I find that treated students experience declines in chronic absenteeism, disciplinary action, and course failure in the first two years following SUD treatment relative to a matched comparison group. I also find positive long-term impacts on college enrollment and employment at ages 17-20. My findings suggest that SUD treatment among adolescents may have lasting consequences and is a promising tool to promote human capital development among at-risk youth. Chapter 2, previously published in the Journal of Health Economics, investigates the consequences of "mandatory access" prescription drug monitoring programs (MA PDMPs). MA PDMPs legally require providers to access a state-level database with a patient's prescription history before prescribing controlled substances under certain circumstances. Using a difference-in-differences specification, I find strong evidence that MA PDMPs have increased heroin death rates. My results suggest that even if MA PDMPs reduce prescription opioid deaths, the decrease is offset by a large increase in illegal opioid deaths. Chapter 3, coauthored with David Beheshti, examines the effect of MA PDMPs on non-opioid-related outcomes. While many policies exclusively target prescription opioid misuse, PDMPs are designed to monitor the use of a wider range of prescription drugs. Using a difference-in-differences design, we show that MA PDMPs led to decreases in stimulant prescribing. In contrast, we find suggestive evidence that these policies resulted in increases in benzodiazepine prescriptions. Our findings highlight that MA PDMPs do have effects on non-opioid drug prescribing, but these effects differ substantially across drug types