Download or read book Three Essays on Network Effects in Online Social Networks written by Christopher Rojas and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In my dissertation, I focus on estimating network effects in online social networks, using observational data. In the first chapter of my dissertation, coauthored with David Easley and Eleonora Patacchini, we analyze the effect of peer influence on item adoption decisions on GitHub. The second chapter of my dissertation focuses on gender disparities in contributions and social network formation patterns on GitHub. The third chapter of my dissertation studies peer effects on video-game playing decisions on Steam. In each of the chapters of my dissertation, I deal with social selection by incorporating a machine learning algorithm, popular in online recommendation systems, to predict individual preferences based on previous adoption decisions.

Download or read book Essays on Network Effects written by Yi-Nung Yang and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Empirical Essays on Network Effects in Markets PHD written by Supriya Sarnikar and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Industry Competition with Durable Goods and Network Effects written by Wei-Min Hu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Network Effects and Switching Costs written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essay on Network Effects Consumer Demand and Firms Dynamic Pricing written by Rong Luo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation includes three chapters on estimating structural economics models. My research focuses on empirically study consumers' utility from different products, the impact of network effects on consumers' demand for products, and multi-network firms' dynamic pricing strategies. The three chapters share the same feature of estimating a discrete choice demand model, but differ in the static versus dynamic setting and the underlying economics question and strategic behaviors that I'm interested.Chapter 1"The Operating System Network Effect and Telecom Carriers' Dynamic Pricing of Smartphones."The utility a consumer realizes from owning a smartphone increases with its operating system (OS) network size. Due to this OS network effect, multi-network telecom carriers have a different pricing strategy for smartphones than the single- network manufacturers in a dynamic environment. While manufacturers choose higher prices for larger networks, carriers, who can internalize competition across OSs, have incentives to choose lower prices for larger networks. The carriers' pricing strategy contributes to the increasing smartphone users and OS concentration. In this paper, I first analyze a theoretical model to compare the pricing strategies of the carriers and manufacturers. Then I design a structural model of consumers' demand and the carriers' dynamic pricing game for smartphones, and empirically study the impact of the OS network effect and carriers' two-year contract policy on the smartphone market penetration and OS concentration. I estimate the model using product level data from August 2011 to July 2013 in the US. I deal with the empirical challenges of dynamic prices for multi-product carriers, high dimension continuous state variables, and asymmetric oligopolistic firms in the estimation. The results show that the OS network size has a positive and significant impact on consumer utility. I then study two counterfactual cases in which I eliminate the OS network effect and the carriers' pricing strategy, respectively. I find that, without the OS network effect, the smartphone penetration rate would decrease by 54.7% and the largest OS share difference decrease by 31.7% by May 2013. Without the carriers' pricing strategy, the penetration rate would decrease by 29.1% and the OS market share difference decrease by 11.2%.Chapter 2"The Operating System Network Effect and Consumers' Dynamic Demand of Smartphones with Two-Year Contracts."This paper studies consumers' dynamic demand of smartphones on two-year wireless contracts. Individuals' demand decisions are affected by the improving quality and changing prices of smartphones, and the OS network effect, and their current smartphone contract status. Consumers need to pay high early termination fees if they end active contracts. The dynamic demand model in this paper incorporates the evolving choice set, prices, endogenous OS network sizes, and the termination policies in the smartphone industry. The preliminary results find that the OS network effect is large and significant. In addition, compared with dynamic model results, a static demand model tends to underestimate the OS network effect and overestimate price coefficient.Chapter 3"Store Brands and Retail Grocery Competition in Breakfast Cereals."This paper empirically analyzes the impacts of store brands on grocery retailers and consumers in the market for breakfast cereals. On the supply side, store brands help a retailer to avoid direct competition with other retailers and change the set of retailer's products. On the demand side, introducing store brands changes the national brands prices and consumers' choice set. We analyze the effects via demand estimation for a single grocery store chain Dominick's at Chicago in 1997 and counterfactual exercises. The estimation results show that consumers' unobserved utility of buying at a competing retailer is higher for consumers that value national brands, and is lower for ones that value Dominick's store brands. This is consistent with the claim that store brands help a retailer to avoid competition. The counterfactual calculations show that the profit loss from removing store brands is higher if the retailer has more competitors, with a median loss of 4.33% of profits from cereals. Existence of store brands increases national brands prices and consumer welfare increases slightly when store brands are removed.

Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Social Networks written by Won Hee Park and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two projects, both concerned with how social networks form and how they affect economic decisions. In the first project, entitled Identifying Influential Agents in a Social Network, I define influence centrality, a new measure of influence which combines information on node and neighbor characteristics as well as information on the network structure, by building a model of friendship formation and peer effects and calculating the change in the equilibrium behavior of the network when one node changes its behavior. I apply the model to the context of smoking among middle and high school students and show that a targeted anti-smoking intervention in which a small number of influential smoking students are treated may be more efficient than a uniform program where every student in the school receives the same anti-smoking treatment. The second project, entitled Quantifying Spillovers in Network Formation Over Time, is a joint work with Sean Chu and Shankar Kalyanaraman at Facebook. The goal of the project is to separately identify and understand the relative importance of network effects and unobserved heterogeneity in a multi-period network formation model. Here, we define network effects to be the effect of the number of mutual friends on the probability of friendship and assume that unobserved heterogeneity is time-consistent. We estimate the model on a de-identified panel data set from a small group of users on Facebook and find that both network effects and unobserved heterogeneity are statistically and economically significant predictors of friendship formation on Facebook. We further re-estimate the model first, without network effects and next, without unobserved heterogeneity. Comparing the results from these specifications, we find that network effects play a more important role than unobserved heterogeneity in network formation models on Facebook.

Download or read book Network Effect written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-02-03 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Network Effect A network effect is a phenomena that occurs in economics and in which the value or utility that a user obtains from a product or service is dependent on the number of users of products that are compatible with the product or service. Users are able to derive an increasing amount of value from a product because to network effects, which are often positive feedback systems. As more users join the same network, the value of the product increases. There are two impacts that may be attributed to the adoption of a product by an extra user: the first is an increase in the value of the product to all of the other users, and the second is an enhancement of the motivation for other people who do not use the product to use it. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Network effect Chapter 2: Customer relationship management Chapter 3: Externality Chapter 4: Information good Chapter 5: Product bundling Chapter 6: Pricing Chapter 7: Product life-cycle management (marketing) Chapter 8: Porter's five forces analysis Chapter 9: Barriers to entry Chapter 10: Online shopping Chapter 11: Long tail Chapter 12: Information economics Chapter 13: Open innovation Chapter 14: Mobile commerce Chapter 15: Referral marketing Chapter 16: Two-sided market Chapter 17: Incentive program Chapter 18: Market environment Chapter 19: Surcharge (payment systems) Chapter 20: Economics of digitization Chapter 21: Social media use by businesses (II) Answering the public top questions about network effect. (III) Real world examples for the usage of network effect in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Network Effect.

Download or read book The Cold Start Problem written by Andrew Chen and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A startup executive and investor draws on expertise developed at the premier venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz and as an executive at Uber to address how tech’s most successful products have solved the dreaded "cold start problem”—by leveraging network effects to launch and scale toward billions of users. Although software has become easier to build, launching and scaling new products and services remains difficult. Startups face daunting challenges entering the technology ecosystem, including stiff competition, copycats, and ineffective marketing channels. Teams launching new products must consider the advantages of “the network effect,” where a product or service’s value increases as more users engage with it. Apple, Google, Microsoft, and other tech giants utilize network effects, and most tech products incorporate them, whether they’re messaging apps, workplace collaboration tools, or marketplaces. Network effects provide a path for fledgling products to break through, attracting new users through viral growth and word of mouth. Yet most entrepreneurs lack the vocabulary and context to describe them—much less understand the fundamental principles that drive the effect. What exactly are network effects? How do teams create and build them into their products? How do products compete in a market where every player has them? Andrew Chen draws on his experience and on interviews with the CEOs and founding teams of LinkedIn, Twitch, Zoom, Dropbox, Tinder, Uber, Airbnb, and Pinterest to offer unique insights in answering these questions. Chen also provides practical frameworks and principles that can be applied across products and industries. The Cold Start Problem reveals what makes winning networks thrive, why some startups fail to successfully scale, and, most crucially, why products that create and compete using the network effect are vitally important today.

Download or read book Essays in Technology Management and Policy written by David J. Teece and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the manner in which successful firms develop, transfer, protect, and capture value from technological innovation. In essence, it is about ?knowledge management?, which lies at the foundation of firm level competitive advantage in today's global economy. The essays contain some of the fundamental contributions to the field of knowledge management by one of its best-known thinkers; they also constitute an immensely practical guide for those managers who wish to look below the surface of what is going on in Silicon Valley and elsewhere.

Download or read book Network Effects Compatibility and Adoption of Standards written by Michał Grajek and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Use and Abuse of Network Effects written by Hal R. Varian and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "network effects" has a clear meaning in economics but non-economists often confuse it with other concepts such as increasing returns to scale and learning-by-doing. This essay is an attempt to clear up some of this confusion.

Download or read book System Markets Indirect Network Effects in Action or Inaction written by Jeroen L.G. Binken and published by Jeroen L.G. Binken. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Social Pressure Nonmonotonic Network Effects and Asymmetric Market Demands written by Luca Savorelli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Industrial Organization written by Menesh S. Patel and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Social Influence Network Effects and Use of Social Media in Impacting Consumer Behavior written by Kamer Toker Yildiz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wide adoption of the Internet and social media has changed how consumers communicate amongst themselves and how companies communicate with their customers. Therefore, investigating the role of social interactions is important in understanding how consumers influence each other through online as well as offline channels for both marketing researchers, and companies that wish to leverage social media more effectively. This dissertation consists of two essays focusing on social influence, network effects and their marketing implications in today's socially engaged world. The first essay focuses on peer influence and studies the differential impact of online and offline social interactions on consumer's repeat usage behavior, and the effectiveness of monetary incentives in the presence of these social interactions. For this purpose, we develop a modeling framework that parses out the impacts of these individual effects and investigates their relative impact on behavior using a unique data set from a wellness program. We find that the effect of online interactions does indeed vary significantly in the presence of offline interactions and that ignoring the latter may well bias the estimates of the former. Furthermore, our results show that monetary incentives relative to social interactions have a significant, though lesser impact on repeat usage behavior. We finally offer several strategic implications by exploring a variety of scenarios through simulation analysis based on the model estimates. The second essay introduces anonymous others ("non-peer") influence in addition to peer influence and compares the relative influence of these two sources on consumers' product evaluations in an experimental setting. We show that contrary to the existing intuition, peers are not always more influential than non-peers and that the influence of these two sources depends on the proportion of people who endorse the product (i.e. , endorsement status: majority/minority endorsement). Interestingly, we find that peers have more positive influence than non-peers only under minority (but not majority) endorsement (experiment 1). We further show that peer influence manifests under minority endorsement because of consumers' endorsement and product fit perceptions (experiment 2). However, this effect diminishes if the endorsement is framed negatively (experiment 3) and gets stronger when the numeric size of the source is large (experiment 4). We discuss these findings in light of prevailing source influence theories and offer suggestions for marketing actions and firm strategy. We believe that this dissertation contributes not only to the marketing literature but also to other disciplines including social psychology, economics and operations research while offering useful implications for companies leveraging social media for both internal and external purposes.

Download or read book Essays on Estimating Network Effects and Switching Costs written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: