Download or read book Essays on Microeconometrics and Immigrant Assimilation written by Alpaslan Akay and published by Goteborg University. This book was released on 2008 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays in Microeconometrics written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD dissertation discusses three important topics in labor economics. It consists of three chapters that inquire into the integration of migrants and their socioeconomic outcomes in the host country market by relying on an empirical framework combined with economic theory. The first chapter explores whether naturalization leads to faster occupational assimilation for immigrants in the labor market in Germany. In particular, the empirical analysis in this paper investigates whether immigrants become occupationally more mobile after naturalization and if this leads to better jobs in the labor market. Instrumental variable estimation is exploited to control for the time-invariant and -variant unobserved individual characteristics. In order to do so, changes in German immigration law in the 1990s is used as an instrument for naturalization. The results show that naturalization is not associated with an immediate increase in occupational mobility. Instead, the years following naturalization are associated with higher occupational mobility, which implies that immigrants use naturalization in the German labor market to pursue better occupation match and faster occupational assimilation. The second chapter exploits the September 11 as an exogenous event to explore whether September 11 decreased the exit rate from unemployment of immigrants from Muslim countries in the UK labor market. The empirical analysis exploits discrete time duration models. The results show that the exit rate from unemployment to paid employment decreases after the September 11 terrorist attacks for immigrants from Muslim countries compared to UK-born white population with similar socioeconomic characteristics. Moreover, a significant increase in the unemployment spell is found for the first generation immigrants from Muslim countries while no impact is found on second generation immigrants. The last chapter addresses issues related to religious identity which have been questioned more intensively in recent years. The first part of the empirical analysis answers the question about the extent to which religious identity is transmitted from one generation to the next by using longitudinal data from Germany. In addition, the empirical analysis investigates how socio-economic characteristics influence the transmission of religious traits across generations. Furthermore, the paper explores whether migration background plays a role in the transmission process. The results show that parents play an important role in the development of the religious identity of their children in Germany. The transmission or religious traits across generations varies according to the socio-economic characteristics of transmitter and religious groups. Finally, the empirical research shows that migration background is an important factor in the transmission process. The results reveal that vertical transmission is higher among immigrant families by using data from Indonesia and Turkey.
Download or read book Essays in Empirical Microeconomics written by Pascal Achard and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is a collection of independent essays in applied microeconomics. In the first chapter, I investigate if growing up in an ethnic enclave slow down the adoption of natives cultural behaviour by immigrants. To measure cultural behaviour, I use administrative data on usage of contraceptives by women aged 15 to 20. To observe exogenous variation in the ethnic concentration of (close) neighbourhoods, I rely on the random allocation of asylum seekers to government run accommodation in the Netherlands during the period 1996 to 2012. Although behaviours do converge with time, neighbourhood ethnic composition has no effect on this process. In the second chapter, co-authored with Eva Johansen, we study if teenagers decision to use contraceptives is influenced by peers. To identify peer effects, we rely on cross-cohort variation in students usage in Danish high-schools. To address the reflection problem, we focus on the influence of older cohorts on younger ones. Contraception not being prevalent among young women with a non-Western background, its usage is a good measure of cultural adaptation. Looking at the effect of different peers group is indicative of which is influential. Immigrant teenagers adapt their behaviours to what other immigrants (but not what other natives) do. Their probability of using contraceptives and of having an abortion becomes lower, but not their likelihood of being treated for chlamydia. In the third chapter, I study the influence of pre-migration social background on the economic assimilation of immigrants. I use unique French survey data to trace family histories over three generations, both in the sending country before migration and later in France. Pre-migration socioeconomic status is key in explaining the educational achievements of second generation immigrants. Holding the origin country fixed, it is as important as father's occupation in the destination country. After an initial loss at migration, the first generation regains human capital more slowly than the second generation develops its own. In a simple model of human capital accumulation, this can be due to (i) parents investing more in their children than in themselves or (ii) the productivity of the two investments being different. The latter channel is supported empirically.
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Immigration to the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Immigrant Selection and Economic Assimilation written by Abdurrahman Aydemir and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Immigrant Selection and Economic Assimilation written by Abdurrahman Aydemir and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Immigration written by Sukanya Basu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Immigration and Education written by Karmen Suen and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first chapter of this thesis, the 1995 TIMSS eighth-grade mathematics score is used to proxy for home country education quality for U.S. immigrants. On average, a one standard deviation increase in TIMSS magnifies the marginal returns to post-migrational education by 0.83 percentage points. This pre-migrational education quality effect remains positive and significant for individuals at the 25th percentile of the conditional wage distribution. In addition, diminishing returns to post-migrational years of schooling is observed at all wage quantiles, but evidence is mixed in regards to pre-migrational years of education. Using the 2000 Census, the second paper finds that, compared to another immigrant holding a job that requires less human-interaction, an immigrant worker who possesses knowledge in speaking a non-English language and who works in a human-interaction-intensive occupation would enjoy an average wage benefit of 4.47%. For an immigrant, other immigrants from a different home country are perceived as complements, while those from the same country of origin would be substitutes. Moreover, a one standard deviation increase in bilateral trade volume between the United States and the immigrant's country of origin is predicted to enhance the immigrant's returns to working in the Wholesale Trade industry by 3.36% on average, a pattern that is very different for immigrants whose country of origin uses English as an official language. A positive relationship between parental involvement in reading-related activities before the student began schooling and the student's 2001 PIRLS test score is found in the third chapter. On average, having a parent who played alphabet toys, played word games, and read signs and labels out loud during the student's preschool years is predicted to carry an effect size of 0.2, holding other attributes constant. However, the effect of watching reading programs on television on this test score seems negative. Under a quantile regression framework, the effect of these parental inputs continues to be observed for students belonging to the 25th quantile of the conditional score distribution. Lastly, these academic variables are predicted to not affect an immigrant student's PIRLS score, although small sample size may be an issue.
Download or read book Immigrants Schooling and Social Mobility written by H. Vermeulen and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2000-09-08 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigrants, Schooling and Social Mobility confronts a central issue in the study of immigration and ethnicity - the opposition between culture and structure - and presents a collection of essays that transcend simplistic either/or approaches to this issue. The contributors explore educational and economic mobility of immigrant groups in Europe and America.
Download or read book The Economic Sociology of Immigration written by Alejandro Portes and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1995-06-22 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alejandro Portes also discusses cultural maladaptation in the inner city, depicting the clash between the attitudes of American-born youths and those of recent immigrants, and its effects on the economic success of immigrant children.
Download or read book Essays on Immigrants Economic Integration written by Kerem Tezic and published by Department of Economics School of Economics and Commercial Law Go. This book was released on 2004 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on Immigrants Socio economic Integration in the United States written by Tao Song and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the U.S. censuses and American Community Surveys from 1950 to 2010, my dissertation investigates immigrants’ socio-economic integration in the U.S. I aim to study the causes and consequences of immigrants’ integration in the U.S. and to offer insights on policies that could facilitate immigrants in their assimilation process. The first chapter analyzes the increasing native-immigrant wage gaps since the 1980s. The second chapter studies the increasing wage premiums of intermarried immigrants since the 1980s. The third chapter studies why people live in ethnic enclaves. I find that technological change and globalization, which have increased the relative price of U.S.-specific social-communication and managerial skills since the 1980s, are important drivers of the widening wage gaps between natives and immigrants as well as the increasing wage premiums of intermarried immigrants. I also find that ethnic enclaves have a â€pulling†effect whereby immigration inflows to cities can simultaneously attract co-ethnic natives already living in the receiving cities to remain and entice co-ethnic natives living outside of the receiving cities to migrate in. I also find that this pulling effect is not due to potential monetary benefits in the labor market but is instead likely due to the lower housing prices and non-monetary benefits such as language convenience and ethnic amenities.
Download or read book Essays in Applied Microeconomics written by Adrian Lerche and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis consists of three self-contained chapters that empirically evaluate the influence of capital costs and occupational regulation on labor demand. In the first chapter, I study the effects of investment tax credits on firms' input choices in Germany. I find evidence that such a policy has a strong positive direct effect on firm investment and employment, and that positive spillovers between firms lead to sizable further adjustments. In the second chapter, I estimate the firm-level capital-labor elasticity of substitution. I set up a model of firm production with size-dependent capital costs and estimate the model for a German tax policy targeted towards manufacturing firms. The estimated elasticity implies important complementarities between capital and labor in firm production. In the third chapter, I analyze how the formal recognition of immigrants' foreign occupational qualifications affects their subsequent labor market outcomes using novel German data. The results show that access to regulated occupations after recognition is an important driver for faster assimilation of immigrants' earnings.
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Immigration in the United States written by Thomas Joseph Murray and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Immigration and Birthplace Diversity written by Johann-Daniel Harnoss and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with the economic analysis of population diversity, specifically diversity in terms of people's countries of origin. We propose an index of birth-place diversity for the work force of 195 countries in the years 1990 and 2000. We show that birthplace diversity is a new dimension of population diversity that is conceptually and empirically distinct from ethno-linguistic and genetic measures of diversity and, unlike these, is positively correlated with long-run economic output. This effect is larger for skilled immigrants in richer countries and robust in a SLS setting. We also find the productive effect of diversity to be larger for immigrants who are culturally close (but not too close) to natives and those who come from richer origin countries. We also investigate the link between birthplace diversity and attitudes to immigration. Using the World Values Survey with data for 72 countries, we find that skilled natives increase their support for immigration when diversity of skilled immigrants is high. results are robust to using the European Social Survey and also persist in a SLS model. We also find evidence for negative preference effects of immigrant diversity for more ethnocentric individuals. Lastly, we analyze the link between birthplace diversity and attitudes to redistribution in Europe. Using data for 29 European countries, we find that native workers tend to lower their support for redistribution of income when immigration is high. In addition, this effect varies along the skill distribution of natives, converges towards zero for highly educated individuals and is robust to using more detailed measures of labor market skill.
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Immigration Immigrant and Education Public Policies written by Albert Yung-Hsu Liu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines three topics at the intersection of the economics of immigration and the economics of education. First, I study the development of human capital among immigrants by evaluating Arizona Proposition 203 (2000) and Massachusetts Question 2 (2002), which require public school districts to provide one year of Structured English Immersion to English language learner students. Using a difference-in-differences framework, I show that for recent-arrival first-generation immigrants, the two initiatives are less effective at developing English language proficiency than previous programs, such as Transitional Bilingual Education and English as a Second Language. However, I also show new heterogeneity in relative program effectiveness in that second-generation immigrants actually benefit from Structured English Immersion. In the second chapter, I use unique data from the Current Population Survey on education by country of origin to show that the return to foreign education among immigrants is 3.3 percent. This estimate is half the size of estimates from previous studies for two reasons. First, calculating foreign education as the difference between total education and domestic education rather than as a function of total education ad age at arrival eliminates the upward bias from misattributing domestic education as foreign education. Second, excluding domestic education as an endogenous control variable removes the upward bias in the return to foreign education caused by the negative correlation between domestic education and foreign education. The results show that foreign education is even less portable to the United States labor market than previously thought. In the third chapter, I test whether country-level educational expenditures, pupil-teacher ratios, and student achievement should be interpreted as measures of foreign school quality. I use the United States Census and the American Community Survey to show that the three measures are associated with the return to foreign education in expected directions. However, only educational expenditures are robust to accounting for group-level correlations between the wage residuals. I also show that the three measures affect immigrants who never attended school in their countries of birth as a falsification test, which suggests that they reflect country-level unobservables rather than foreign school quality.
Download or read book Microeconometric Essays on Migration Trust and Satisfaction written by Charles Bellemare and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
