Download or read book Essays on Land Use Modeling and Water Scarcity written by Amer Al-Sudani and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture represents a major use of land across the globe. Half of the world's habitable land is used for agriculture. In addition, water is an essential factor for life on the planet. Besides being key to human survival, water for irrigation is considered the primary factor for raising the productivity of lands around the world. About 20% of the world's croplands are irrigated, but they produce around 40% of the global crop supply. Thus, farmers' decisions with regards to water use in the face of water scarcity is an important topic with economic and environmental implications. Agricultural land decisions are affected by economic factors (e.g., output and input prices) and environmental factors (e.g., climate, soil characteristics, water quality, water availability, ecology). Government policies can have direct and indirect impacts on farmers' cropping patterns and land use decisions. Water scarcity is a significant constraint on l and use and crop production in the Great Plains. The primary source of irrigation water in Kansas is the High Plains aquifer (HPA), which underlies about 175,000 square miles, in parts of eight states. The HPA has been extensively used for agricultural irrigation in Kansas began in the 1930s and 1940s. Prolonged pumping from this aquifer has led to declining water levels, especially in the southwestern part of the aquifer. Decreases in aquifer levels between 2000 and 2017 ranged from 5 feet to more than 80 feet in southwestern Kansas. The overall purpose of this dissertation is to examine the impact of agricultural land use in Kansas in the context of water scarcity, biofuel expansion, and government policy. The study area is the HPA in Kansas using field-level and county-level data set. Results from these studies provide important contributions to estimation of acreage response and land-use change to water scarcity; the impact of ethanol market expansion on local irrigation decisions; and more robust estimation using a more flexible land use modeling based on land use budgeting. Results of the study are of interest to policy makers, watershed managers, agricultural producers and other Kansas stakeholders interested in land-use and irrigation decisions studies. The first essay is an attempt to examine the effects of water scarcity on crop acreage shares using a multinomial logit (MNL) statistical framework to model land use of major irrigated crops (alfalfa, corn, sorghum, soybeans, and wheat) in the Kansas HPA. We estimate county level and regional level acreage share elasticities with respect to a number of water scarcity variables. Generally, most of the elasticity's signs are consistent between the county- and regional-level. However, regional-level elasticities are slightly higher in magnitude than elasticities in other studies that do not focus specifically on irrigation. Our results show that water deficit, depth to water, natural gas prices, and quantity of water authorized for extraction have an effect on irrigated crop acreage share at the county- and regional-level. The second essay proposes to demonstrate that a more generalized version of the MNL framework, the nested multinomial logistic (NMNL) statistical framework for modeling land use can provide a flexible model to address a multi crop and multi land use response for assessment of the impacts on land use from economic and non-economic factors. First, we show that NMNL acreage share models can be derived from well-defined profit maximizing behavior under specific assumptions. Second, we show that the NMNL acreage share model can provide a multi-crop and multi-land use econometric modeling framework that can be used to estimate unconditional, conditional and group acreage share elasticities that allow for the assessment of direct and indirect effects of explanatory factors on land use decisions and allocation. The model is illustrated using an empirical example of farmer land use allocation between irrigated cropland, non-irrigated cropland, and non-cropland categories. The third essay aims to examine local irrigation decisions of agricultural producers in the Kansas portion of the HPA in response to ethanol market expansion. To identify the effects of ethanol expansion on local irrigation decisions, we examine field-level data on irrigation water use, total irrigated acreage, and irrigated crop decisions for the years 2000-2018. Specifically, we measure the response of three irrigation decisions: (i) irrigated acreage (extensive margin), (ii) irrigation per acre (intensive margin), and (iii) total water use (total effect) to the location and production capacity of an ethanol plant. We adopt proximity of 25KM and 50KM neighborhood of field from ethanol plant as treatment group to capture the impact of ethanol plant location and capacity on irrigation behavior of fields. We estimate that ethanol plants increase total water use by 12.36 acre-ft and 9.12 acre-ft per field when a new plant is built within 25KM and 50KM neighborhood distance, respectively. In addition, we estimate that a 1 million gallon per year increase in ethanol capacity leads to about a 0.26 and 0.19 acre-ft increase in total water use per field for 25KM and 50KM neighborhood, respectively. Approximately 13% of total response in total water use is due to increases in irrigated acreage. Furthermore, we estimate that a 1 million gallon per year increase in ethanol capacity increases irrigated corn by 0.07 and 0.09 acre per field for 25KM and 50KM neighborhood, respectively.

Download or read book Land Use and Water Quality written by Brian Kronvang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of 11 papers introduces broad topics covering various professional disciplines related to the research arena of land use and water quality. The papers exemplify the important links between agriculture and water quality in surface and ground waters as well as the pollution problems around urban areas. Advancement of new technologies for analyzing links between land use and water quality problems as well as insights into new tools for analyzing large monitoring datasets are highlighted in this collection of papers.

Download or read book Water Supply and Water Scarcity written by Vasileios A. Tzanakakis and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-04 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book includes selected papers that has been published in the Water journal Special Issue (SI) on Water Supply and Water Scarcity. Moreover, an overview of the SI is included. The papers selected for publication in the SI include review and research papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue identify and highlight the main challenges in water sector, and particularly in management and protection of water resources and in use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability in order to achieve sustainable and secure water supply. Furthermore, general guidelines and possible solutions for an improved and sophisticated water management system are proposed and discussed, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water-use efficiency and the use of alternative water resources, to address the growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.

Download or read book Water Scarcity Contamination and Management written by Ashwani Kumar Tiwari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-10-15 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Scarcity, Contamination, and Management presents new and updated material, including case studies, step-by-step guidance on key procedures and protocols, and timely topics such as climate change and integrated water resource management. This book is divided into three key sections. Section 1—Water Resource Scarcity—focuses on sustainable development and management of water resources and techniques and methods for improving water use efficiency. Section 2—Contamination of Water Resources—focuses on understanding the quality of water resources, migration of pollutant sources, geochemical processes, groundwater depletion, and seasonal variations in contaminant concentration, water resources' quality status, and associated human health risks. Section 3—Water Resource Management—considers a consolidated and coordinated approach to find the solution to water resource issues. Presenting a comprehensive overview of the water management field, the book serves as a valuable reference for students, professors, scholars, researchers, and consultants in the fields of water resources, civil engineering, environmental science and engineering, and hydrology. - Provides an overview of the current status of water resources utilization, the likely scenario of future demands, and the advantages and disadvantages of systems techniques - Includes numerous examples and real-world case studies - Presents the roles of remote sensing and GIS in solving the water resource crisis

Download or read book Analysis and Modelling of Water Supply and Demand Under Climate Change Land Use Transformation and Socio Economic Development written by Katharina Fricke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Located in a narrow grassland corridor between the semi-desert and a mountain range in Northwest China, the research area Urumqi Region is despite its semi-arid climate in a relatively favourable hydrological situation. The nearby mountains provide water for settlements and agriculture, making human development possible in the first place. Due to the development of agriculture, population and economy during the last sixty years and the increasing water consumption, a demand- and population-driven water scarcity exists today and is expected to aggravate. At the same time, the effects of climate change and land use transformations on the hydrological system and the water availability are uncertain. This study evaluates the recent and future situation by combining a hydrological water balance model for the simulation of the water supply based on scenarios of climate and land use change with a socio-economic model for projecting the future water demand including predicted growth of population and economy.

Download or read book Water Resource Modeling and Computational Technologies written by Mohammad Zakwan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-10-22 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Resource Modeling and Computational Technologies, Seventh Edition provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the applications that computational techniques have in various sectors of water resource engineering. The book explores applications of recent modeling and computational techniques in various sectors of water resource engineering, including hydroinformatics, irrigation engineering, climate change, hydrologic forecasting, floods, droughts, image processing, GIS, water quality, aquifer mapping, basin scale modeling, computational fluid dynamics, numerical modeling of surges and groundwater flow, river engineering, optimal reservoir operation, multipurpose projects, and water resource management. As such, this is a must read for hydrologists, civil engineers and water resource managers. - Presents contributed chapters from global experts in the field of water resources from both a science and engineering perspective - Includes case studies throughout, providing readers with an opportunity to understand how case specific challenges can help with computational techniques - Provides basic concepts as well as a literature review on the application of computational techniques in various sectors of water resources

Download or read book Water Land and Forest Susceptibility and Sustainability written by Uday Chatterjee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-25 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water, Land, and Forest Susceptibility and Sustainability, Volume 1: Geospatial Approaches & Modeling brings an interdisciplinary perspective to solving complex problems in sustainability, utilizing the latest research and technologies, and includes case studies that emphasize the applications of remote sensing, GIS, and image processing for addressing the current state and future needs to achieve sustainability. As forests, land, and water are among the most precious resources on earth, emphasizing the need to conserve them for future generations and, of course, a safe and sustainable planet. The assessment of the susceptibility of all these three precious resources must therefore be addressed to inform their sustainable management. This 1st volume encourages adaptive activities among experts employed in interdisciplinary fields, from data mining and machine learning to environmental science by linking geospatial computational intelligence technology to forest, land and water issues. - Presents theoretical context and practical solutions for understanding the current knowledge and where future efforts should be directed - Includes case studies in each chapter demonstrating the use of geospatial technologies - Offers an interdisciplinary approach to addressing susceptibility and achieving sustainability

Download or read book Integrated Soil and Water Management Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference written by Karim Abbaspour and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference" that was published in Water

Download or read book Water Scarcity Livelihoods and Food Security written by Larry W. Harrington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the evolution of ten years’ learning and discovery about water scarcity, livelihoods, and food security within the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food. It draws on the experiences of over 100 projects conducted in ten river basins in the developing world. The book describes how the program’s design evolved from an emphasis on water scarcity, water productivity, and water access to an emphasis on using water innovations to improve livelihoods and address development challenges in specific river basins. It shows how the research was used to foster change in stakeholder behavior, linking it to improved knowledge, attitudes, and skills, which were fostered by stakeholder participation, innovation, dialogue, and negotiation. The authors describe development challenges, their drivers and their political context, how to address them through technical, institutional, and policy innovations; and the consequences of change at different scales, time frames on equity, resilience, and ecosystem services. Overall, the work represents a major synthesis and landmark publication for all concerned with water resource management and sustainable development.

Download or read book Management of Climate Induced Drought and Water Scarcity in Egypt written by Samiha A.H. Ouda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-14 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains suggestion on suitable crop rotations for salt-affected soils to maximize the productivity of lands and water under current climate and under climate change in 2030. This book discusses droughts and water scarcity, which are important issues related to natural phenomena and affected by climate variability and change. It calls for reassessing the prevailing crop structure in Egypt under rain fed irrigation in North Egypt and under surface irrigation in the Nile Delta and Valley. Droughts affect rain fed agriculture, while water scarcity affects irrigated agriculture. The book investigates proposals for improving crop structure in these areas, taking into account the sustainability of water and soil resources. Further, it explores improved management options for crop production in both rain fed and irrigated agriculture. Lastly, it examines suggestions on more rational use of irrigation water in irrigated agriculture to conserve irrigation water under present climate conditions and to help meet the anticipated demand under climate change conditions.

Download or read book Water Resilience for Human Prosperity written by Johan Rockström and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's human population now constitutes the largest driving force of changes to the biosphere. Emerging water challenges require new ideas for governance and management of water resources in the context of rapid global change. This book presents a new approach to water resources, addressing global sustainability and focusing on socio-ecological resilience to changes. Topics covered include the risks of unexpected change, human impacts and dependence on global water, the prospects for feeding the world's population by 2050, and a pathway for the future. The book's innovative and integrated approach links green and blue freshwater with terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem functions and use. It also links changes arising from land-use alteration with the impacts of those changes on social-ecological systems and ecosystem services. This is an important, state-of-the-art resource for academic researchers and water resource professionals, and a key reference for graduate students studying water resource governance and management.

Download or read book Land Use Modelling in Planning Practice written by Eric Koomen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of recent developments and applications of the Land Use Scanner model, which has been used in spatial planning for well over a decade. Internationally recognized as among the best of its kind, this versatile model can be applied at a national level for trend extrapolation, scenario studies and optimization, yet can also be employed in a smaller-scale regional context, as demonstrated by the assortment of regional case studies included in the book. Alongside these practical examples from the Netherlands, readers will find discussion of more theoretical aspects of land-use models as well as an assessment of various studies that aim to develop the Land-Use Scanner model further. Spanning the divide between the abstractions of land-use modelling and the imperatives of policy making, this is a cutting-edge account of the way in which the Land-Use Scanner approach is able to interrogate a spectrum of issues that range from climate change to transportation efficiency. Aimed at planners, researchers and policy makers who need to stay abreast of the latest advances in land-use modelling techniques in the context of planning practice, the book guides the reader through the applications supported by current instrumentation. It affords the opportunity for a wide readership to benefit from the extensive and acknowledged expertise of Dutch planners, who have originated a host of much-used models.

Download or read book Economy Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales written by Glyn Wittwer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the economic modelling of water at the global, national and sub-national levels. It presents a multi-faceted analysis and, while it outlines the theories behind various models, its main purpose is to analyse policy issues and present insights arising from modelling, including a chapter analysing the macroeconomic implications of climate change. Arguably the most compelling reason for publishing a book on the economic modelling of water arises from the fact that agriculture accounts for approximately 70% of water used for economic purposes, while only contributing 4% of global income. Given that water is an essential commodity, this discrepancy may in part be symptomatic of an undervaluation of water due to immature and incomplete markets. In turn, this undervaluation has led to an ongoing misallocation of water. When economic models include water accounts that feed into production functions, they model impacts on the marginal product of water. Policies that improve the link between the marginal product and price of water will improve water allocation, while advanced economic models such as those presented here can enhance our ability to explore the possible impacts of improved policy.

Download or read book Aquifer Systems Management Darcy s Legacy in a World of Impending Water Shortage written by Laurence Chery and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 2050, the demand for water to sustain world agriculture will increase by seventy-five per cent in order to feed an estimated nine billion inhabitants. Increased amounts of water will be required for irrigation and for industrial and domestic use. Natural ecosystems will be threatened by the expansion of agricultural land and by a reduc

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Development in Asia written by Sara Hsu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present global context, some countries still face many challenges to bringing about inclusive, efficient, and environmentally sustainable development. Simultaneously, the stakes of survival are rising, as climate change exacerbates both environmental and social ills. Asia as a region is particularly vulnerable, as it is densely populated and includes both developed and developing countries. The Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Development in Asia seeks to examine these issues in depth. Presenting a comprehensive literature review, as well as numerous case studies, this book examines sustainable development from economic and social perspectives, as well as from an environmental viewpoint. Divided into seven parts, the topics addressed include: Environmental challenges Energy dependence and transition Economic justice Social welfare Sustainable governance Providing comprehensive coverage of a wide variety of countries in the region, this handbook will be useful for students and scholars of sustainable development, environment and society, and Asian Studies in general.

Download or read book Agroforestry for Sustainable Land Use Fundamental Research and Modelling with Emphasis on Temperate and Mediterranean Applications written by Daniel Auclair and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises a selection of original contributions presented at a workshop held in Montpellier, France, in June 1997. The two main objectives of the workshop were, firstly, to bring together what is understood about the processes underlying agroforestry practice, and, secondly, to provide a forum to explore relevant models and modelling approaches. The workshop was also able to play a role in examining the agroforestry systems encountered in temperate and Mediterranean areas, including both traditional and more innovative agroforestry practices. The main aspects discussed were: ecological interactions amongst components, environmental impact, economics and policy modelling.

Download or read book Enabling institutional environments conducive to livelihood improvement and adapted investments in sustainable land and water uses written by Mayaux, L.P., Lejars, C., Farolfi, S., Adamczewski-Hertzog, A., Hassenforde, E., Faysse, N., Jamin, J.Y. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews the main global trends in land and water uses, policies and investments that have taken place over the last decade and identifies the institutional arrangements that have been the most conducive to sustainable and equitable use of these resources. The report focuses particularly on family farmers, who have limited access to key resources (land, water, credit and infrastructure). It pays special attention to their common challenges and needs, but also to their diverse conditions. It provides evidence-based information on the institutional conditions needed to ensure inclusive land and water programmes, and to upscale such programmes at local levels. It is based on a systematic review of official documents and academic papers and on detailed case studies, often grounded in the authors’ own significant knowledge. The report is organized in three main parts. The first section begins with a review of the main global trends affecting land and water uses over the last decade, and links them to the public policies and types of private investment that encouraged such trends. The main structural drivers of growing pressures on water resources and land availability are discussed, including population growth, diet changes, climate change, urbanization and biofuel development. The report discusses the direct effects of these drivers, including water scarcity, increased global competition for land use and the degradation of existing resources, on land and water availability. It then examines the main types of private investments and public policies that drive these trends: large-scale land acquisition, reassertion of large-scale infrastructure programmes for surface water irrigation, public subsidies and private initiatives that stimulate access to groundwater. The second section of the report focuses on the impacts of global changes, policies and investments on farmers’ livelihoods and water use. It reviews the numerous beneficial impacts of irrigation on poverty reduction emphasizing that they are highly contextual and unequally shared across social groups. It documents the widening gap between irrigated and rainfed areas, and the risks of a medium-term crisis for agricultural economies that are based on groundwater irrigation. It emphasizes that existing policies are poorly tailored to farmers’ needs. Lastly, the section documents the complex relationship between migration and increased pressures on land and water. The third section of the report charts the way forward for more sustainable and equitable management of land and water. It takes stock of policies inspired by the principles of integrated water resources management (IWRM).