Download or read book Environmental Pollution Causes What Economic Or Social Cost written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-25 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the difference between the quality of life and standard of living.In fact, every American community with the problem of balancing environment growth with the need to maintain environmental and social health. For example, efficient agriculture to businesses get information about new technologies to present pollution. Increasing role of quality of life and standard of living took place in countries all over the world, especially nowadays, when numerous affects of the global crisis are felt all over the world. Emerging crisis caused many problems. thereby, in the current situation, it is interesting to examine the level of the quality of life and standard of living. After short overview of general development of concepts of standard of living and quality of life. The different indicators can measure quality of life or standard of living include GDP per capita, shopping basket, GFK basket, households' expenditures, poverty rate, income inequality, life satisfaction and happiness etc. indicators. The measures show an increase in the standard of living and quality of life. Hence, if the result showed the standard of living and quality of life. The high level of human development and the results of the level of satisfaction imply that human are moderately satisfied with their lives and enjoy a rather high level of happiness.Standard of living and quality of life have been concerning issues in countries for many years, especially nowadays, when numersous effects of the global crisis are felt all over the world. The financial security and prosperity of the economic systems disappeared. The economic storm caused rising unemployment, falling incomes, increasing rates of poverty and declines in overall well-being. Thereby, in the current situation, it is interesting to examine quality of life and standard of living. However, standard of living is defined and the level of welfare available to individual or to the group of people. It concerns products and services, people are able to consume and the recources who have access too. It depends on the quality and quantity of available products and services and the way who are distributed within the population. Otherwise, standard of living is generally determined by indicators, such as real income per person and poverty rate. Quality of life indicates to the overall welfare within a certain society, focused on enabling each member on opportunity of accomplishing objectives. Unlike the concept of standard of living, quality of life refers to not only indicators of material standard, but also to various subjective factor that influence human lives, such as natural environment pollution challenges. However, in the estimation of standard of living and quality of life their are used two types of measures, objective and subjective indicators. Objective indicators are used to determine and to explain the economic segment, when subjective indicators are used as a descriptive indicator of the noneconomic segment of quality of life and standard of living.Many researchers were done in the field of economics, psychology, clinicial medicine, health care, phiolsophy and social science to measure whether which kind of factors can cause human quality of life to be poor. The understanding of the concepts passed through a long period of evolution. Human need natural resources have enough supply to able to satisfy their needs

Download or read book Environmental Pollution Causes What Kinds of Economic Or Social Cost written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why environmental pollution and human right abuses has close relationship to influence quality of life and economic growth?In fact, environment pollution and human right abuses has close relationship. It is clear that poverty situations and human rights abuses are worsened by environmental degradation. The result can influence poor human quality of life to the developing countries' people unfairly. There are these several abvious reasons: firstly, the exhaustion of natural resources leads to unemployment and emigration to cities; secondly, this affects the enjoyment and exercise of basic human rights. Environmental conditions contribute to a large extents to the spread of infections diseases. From the 4,400 million of people who live in developing countries, almost 60% lack basis health care services, a almost a third of these people have no access to safe water supply; thirdly, degradation poses new problems, such as environmental refugees. Environmental refugees suffer from significant economic, socio-cultural and political consequences. And fourthly, environmental degradation worsens existing problems suffered by developing and developed countries. David J. Nowak & Gordon M. Melsler (2016) showed" Air pollution, for example, accounts for 2.7 million to 3.0 million of deaths annually and of these 90% are from developing countries. " Hence, our societies need to concern human right law to protect unfair treatment to developing countries people. Firstly, both disciplines have deep social root, even though human rights law is more rooted within the collective consciousness, the accelerated process of environmental degradation is generating a new " environmental consciousness." Secondly, both disciplines have become internationalized . The international community has assumed the commitment to observe the realization at human rights and respect for the environment. Thirdly, both areas of law tend to universalize their object of protection. Human rights are presented as universal and the protection of the environment appears as everyone is responsibility. Human right and environment law can raise our quality of life because the first approach is one where environmental protection is described as a possible means of fulfulling human rights standards. Here, environmental law is conceptualized as giving a protection that would help ensure the well-being of future generations as well as the survival of those who depend immediately upon natural resources for their livelihood. So, the end is fulfulling human rights, and the route is though environmental law, the second approach places the two sphere in inverted positions, it states that the legal protection of human rights is an effective means to achieving the ends of conservation and environmental protection. Therefore, the presently existing human right is as a route to environmental protection. The focus is on the connection to influence any economy: health, food supply, housing, fresh natural air supply etc. aspects of quality of life issues. Hence, human right and environment law and human quality of life and economic growth has close relationship . We can not neglect to concern how to achieve human right law to protect our nature environment existing in our societies.

Download or read book Environmental Pollution Causes written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PrefaceI have three reasons to write this book. This book is suitable to readers who have interest to learn how to achieve government policy to reduce environment pollution, but also keeps economic growth at the same time, or who have need to solve environment pollution challenges when who needs to open factory to manufacture products, or the student who needs to find what kind of method how to measure whether average income capita of GDP after reduction of environment pollution cost per year. My first reason is to give recommendation to indicate whether how to prove environmental pollution will influence to the country's economy whether which is increasing or decreasing in the long term and I also recommend that whether how any country's government and manufacturer can reduce environment pollution and I explain what are the bad influences from environment pollution to any countries for long term.My second reason is to explain why environment and human's qualify of life and economic growth has close relationship. I shall give reasons and evidences to support my idea. In this book, I shall also indicate these developed countries , such as England, US, Canada and New Zealand are encountering environmental pollution challenges as well as other developing countries, such as India, China and Hong Kong are also encountering environmental pollution challenges. I shall explain why which will influence their citizen's quality of life and economic growth challenge. Finally, I shall indicate how which can solve this cities environmental pollution challenge. This book is suitable to any students who have interest to research why economy pollution can influence our quality of life and economic growth challenge.My final reason is to explain why human need to solve the resources scarcity before 2050 year. Finally, I shall recommend what methods can be used attempt to solve resources scarcity by agriculture production technology, climate changing, human diet habit and consumption behavior, changing foods supply chain systems between countries and recopy or renew technology to foods and energy etc. aspects. It is adapt to economist, food scientist etc. professional to read.In conclusion, these reasons will confirm that why environment pollution will raise economy growth cost in long term. Human needs to considerate environment pollution challenge how to influence global economy growth and our standard of life both will be fallen down. Thus, we can not neglect environment pollution challenge and our economy growth will have close relationship.

Download or read book Environmental Pollution Causes What Social Economic written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-07 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How environmental factor can influence any country's house price.I shall indicate that why environmental factor will influence any country's house price. For Ireland example, citizen average incomes and higher in the east of the country, house prices are lower in the west, who are also more able to afford a property of choices. There are more opportunities to purchase houses, where people own their own houses, who are more likely to have benefits from an appreciation is its value and to consequently perceive a higher degree of health. Generally, levels of property appreciation have been higher in the east. Unfortunately, young people and the more economically active segment of the population are more likely to be faced with rising entry level house prices and the prospect of large borrowings. So, the quality of life, such as education, crime and access to healthcare and living environment are not uniformly better in the west or the east regions. Indeed, many measures of social disadvantage are at their worst in the west regions. Some indicators of environmental quality are, indeed better in the west regions, but there are others, such as drinking-water quality or recreational access that are often worse.Comparisons can often be reduced to an urban-rural dimension rather than a regional one. Factors such as incomes, house prices, crime levels, air pollution and congestion are all likely to be higher in urban areas in Ireland city, UK country. Why environment and housing price has relationship in Ireland to influence quality of life to its citizen? If Ireland's regional development policy is successful, it will bring with it greater competition in the housing market and greater pressures on the environment in Ireland. Because the forest will be decreased to build house, the natural environment will become wood and steel and stone of housing built environment. In fact, it appears that there is a fair of amount of agreement on the relative rating of factors influencing quality of life. Ability to own one's home and security of income were needed, but respondents also placed almost equal important on clean air and drinking water, low crime were differences. The Ireland's rural respondents appeared to place a slightly greater emphasis on key natural environmental attributes, when urban residents valued absolute incomes and social or leisure activity rather more.In this respect, the analysis identifies three components to Ireland people of quality of life, each of which was evident in all three locations. There components can be broadly described as domestic security, social/leisure and aspects of the planned environment. The first of these includes indicators, such as security of income, absolute income, house ownership and low crime. As this component includes air and drinking-water quality, it suggests that these indicators may be associated with personal health and well-being. When the planned environment component includes those attributes that affect quality of life over which the authorities have a direct influence, for instance, a clean environment, traffic and reducing vehicle numbers on the roads in busy time.(vi) How environmental pollution can influence social welfare

Download or read book Social cost benefit analysis of air pollution control measures Advancing environmental economic assessment methods to evaluate industrial point emission sources written by van der Kamp, Jonathan and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book enhances economic methods for social cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control measures at point emission sources. A new and highly resolved health damage cost assessment framework is developed and applied, notably in order to evaluate the influence of site-dependent and generic methodological choices. Several of these are shown to have a major impact on resulting health damage costs with important implications for decision-making.

Download or read book The Theory of Economic Externalities written by James Edward Meade and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on 1973 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Pollution Causes Economic Or Social Losses written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why countries need to pollute environment to develop economy, such a need for industrialization related environmental degradation in the course of economic development. A country needs and chooses to achieve industry production it can raise technological advancement and adopt technologies, which are substantially less polluting than the technologies used by countries which industry in the past. The environmental development trade off might have existed historically. But it is not bad to developing countries to scarce environment quality for industry development. Nowadays, different countries' governments need to concern how to reduce environmental pollution and to raise economic growth at the same time. In fact, human are facing these challenges, such as energy crisis is from 1970 year is precipitated by oil price jumps, market failure in allocation of environmental resources. At the same time, human are also facing economic development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet our own needs. Due to natural resource is limited to be supplied in the future, industry needs manufactured, human and natural is left undiminished, so this needs restricting consumption to save natural resources for asset creation and conservation and protection of the natural environment. Efforts and indicators for monitoring sustainability indicates the environmentally adjusted national income or Green Domestic Product (GNP)=NDP less depletion of natural capital-environmental damage and green national accounts indicates degradation of environmental capital is like depreciation of man -made capital. Hence, it implies environmental pollution is a damage cost to any countries. Hence, if the country can reduce or avoid the environmental pollution, then its environmental damage cost will not influence its GDP (Green Domestic Product) income amount indicator to be reduced for the country's national income in the year. Then, it's economic growth will be better in the year. Due to GDP is the country whole year income financial performance indicator. It will concern the country's economic growth level in the year.Environmental pollution is an important issue in the process of economic growth. Instance, China has obtained remarkable economic growth with an average annual growth rate of 9.6% in gross domestic product (GDP) from 1979 year to 2004 year. Despite the impressive economic performance, the environment qualities have become worse during the past two decades. China government began to concern about to following these questions: will the high economic growth be able to sustain within environmental constraints or without exceeding ecological system? What is the effect of economic growth on environment quality? Are there any tradeoff between attaining high economic growth and protecting environment? And will the environment conditions become improved automatically at higher income level? What should the government do to the environmental degradation?

Download or read book Environmental Pollution Raises Social Economic Cost written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why environmental factor can influence human quality of life and economic growthWhat are objective indicators of standard of living and quality of life? Objective circumstances refer to the economic and material conditions which are important aspects of the standard of living and quality of life. In the assessment, eight different indicators were used: CPI, GDP per capita, shopping basket, household's expenditures, GFIC basket, poverty rate, income inequality and HDI. However, these indicators is one number measure. It can't measure anyone's psychological feeling, such as health, safe emotion. The challenge concerns whether environmental pollution factor, such as air pollution, water pollution can cause human's health to be poor, even goes down human's quality of life and economy loss. I shall indicate some evidences to give reasons to support my conclusion why I believe that environment pollution is a factor to cause human quality of life to be poor, even it can also cause economy will encounter loss too. In general, measure of quality of life need include human's psychological feeling indicator. I shall indicate, Hong Kong, China countries air and water environmental pollution challenges how to influence these two countries' people quality of life to be poor, even, it will cause their economy loss. Nowadays, China and Hong Kong and India and Afria are encountering health problems arising from damage to lungs, heart and blood vessels. Hong Kong and India and Afria and China e.g. Shanghai city pollution is a significant cause of premature death from cardiopulmonary disorders. Present level of pollution cause injury to the immature developing lings of children and adolescents. This damage will lead to life-long health problems in many and a reduction in life-expectancy. Although, there is no evidence from analyses of trends in pollutants that pollution measures in recent years have reduced pollutant concentrations in a way which will benefits public health.There are clear indicators that for some pollutants. The problem is worsening. In fact, air and water pollution is Hong Kong and China and Afria etc. developing countries' the biggest cause of social and environmental injustice. It harms not only citizens today, but because its transquenerational effects on the urborn and youngest members of the society, it will cause its will health effects well into the later years of this century, even environmental pollution challenge will cause these countries will encounter economy loss.Human activities have created forms of air and water pollution, such as gases from fuels, uncontrolled emissons from fossil fuels and other chemical sources have long been recognized as a cause of ill health and premature death. For example, in December, 1930 year, a dense fog affected the Meuse Valley in Belgium. Beginning on December, 3 date, the fog intensified over three days and was associated with laryngeal symptoms, chest pain, coughing, and breathlessness. Some patients showed signs of pulmonary oedema. Overall 60 deaths were attributed to the episode. After a long investigation, the cause was considered to be emissions from high sulphur fuels, including suplhur dioxide and sulphuric acid.

Download or read book Environmental Pollution Causes Whether What Kinds Of Economic Or Social Losses written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I shall indicate Ireland to explain whether environmental factor is the main factor to influence our quality of life and economic growth. Is environmental quality higher in the Ireland west regions? And if so, does this compensate for lower incomes in these regions? Is it bad that rural areas are characterized by higher costs of living in areas other than housing by environmental factor? In fact, in Ireland, UK country, population increase has a direct impact on the environment by placing demands on local natural resources, particularly open space and water. It also leads to a sense of crowding that reduces the utility associated with access to the environment. How can environment factor influence economy growth in Ireland? In Ireland, agriculture has gone through a period of significant change that has been accelerated reductions in the amount of mixed cropping and traditional land management. Indeed, changes in the expectations of young farmers will ensure that further change is likely to be characterized by increases in farm size and greater specialization with implications for landscape and wildlife. These characteristics of farm holdings are more familiar in the east regions of Ireland, UK country. As with likely to extend to the west regions as the older generation of farmers retires, although this will probably be accompanied by a trend to more farming of production needs to young farmers. So, good natural environment can provide Ireland young farmers to produce more agriculture to earn income, even who can export more rice, fruits, vegetable etc. agriculture foods to overseas. Hence, Ireland GDP will be raise if it can have good natural resource environment to provide Ireland young farmers to grow foods to sell to domestic and /or foreign agricultural market. Given the rate of economic growth, and its concentration in the east of the Ireland, UK country, it would be easy to presume that the quality of the environment is higher the further away from the mid east one goes. Thus, good natural environment is an important factor to influence the farming industry development in Ireland, UK county to satisfy their needs and to raise their quality of life nowadays.I shall indicate New Zealand and America two developed countries to explain why which are facing environmental pollution challenge to influence their citizen's quality of life and economic growth nowadays. The first country is NZ, although, New Zealand is a developed and natural environmental country, but it had been envountering air pollution annouance and noise annoyance to influence it's citizen's health-related quality of life. I shall indicate why which has this relationship between of them in New Zealand. Nowadays, New zealand population growth is an increasing demand for consumer products and urbanization have lead to concerns over the lived environments in many of the world's cities, such as Auckland, wellington cities in New Zealand. However, environmental quality is an important determinant of health, such as the bad influence of traffic-related air and noise pollution on health outcomes, specially with respect to at risk groups, both in relation to long term exposure as well as acute effect, from brief exposures. For example, cholesterol levels and in relation to myocardial infaction. Nowadays, New Zealand is encountering the high degree of air pollution and noise annoyance to influence it's citizen's quality of life. Air pollutants can be detected either visually, such as witnessing smoke emanating from a vehicles's exhaust, or by smell, such as when odorants stimulate olfactory receptors. The evidence linking air pollution to adverse impacts on human health.

Download or read book Social Costs of Energy written by Olav Hohmeyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although present day politics seems to be preoccupied with questions of economic growth and full employment, the basic environmental problems stemming from the interactions of the economic sphere with global, regional and local environments persist and will have an even greater impact in the future. If economy and ecology are not reconciled in the years to come, mankind will not have a sustainable future on Earth. The typical negation of environmental problems in times of economic crisis is partially due to the fact that environmental and health damages of economic activities are neither priced nor included in our market price system. This allows politicians to focus their attention on insufficient economic indicators which do not reflect the actual development of the welfare of society. If economic lead indicators like GDP or balance of trade figures were better integrated with information on the environmental and health costs caused by the seemingly beneficial economic development, politicians might have better guidance as to what policy choices would benefit society most.

Download or read book The Cost of Air Pollution written by and published by Organization for Economic Co-Operation & Development. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outdoor air pollution kills more than 3 million people across the world every year, and causes health problems from asthma to heart disease for many more. This is costing societies very large amounts in terms of the value of lives lost and ill health. Based on extensive new epidemiological evidence since the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study, and OECD estimates of the Value of Statistical Life, this report provides evidence on the health impacts from air pollution and the related economic costs.

Download or read book Social Cost benefit Analysis of Air Pollution Control Measures Advancing Environmental economic Assessment Methods to Evaluate Industrial Point Emission Sources written by Jonathan van der Kamp and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book enhances economic methods for social cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control measures at point emission sources. A new and highly resolved health damage cost assessment framework is developed and applied, notably in order to evaluate the influence of site-dependent and generic methodological choices. Several of these are shown to have a major impact on resulting health damage costs with important implications for decision-making. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Download or read book The Global Health Cost of PM2 5 Air Pollution written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study, air pollution from fine particulate matter caused 6.4 million premature deaths and 93 billion days lived with illness in 2019. Over the past decade, the toll of ambient air pollution has continued to rise. Air pollution’s significant health, social, and economic effects compel the World Bank to support client countries in addressing air pollution as a core development challenge. This publication estimates that the global cost of health damages associated with exposure to air pollution is $8.1 trillion, equivalent to 6.1 percent of global GDP. People in low- and middle-income countries are most affected by mortality and morbidity from air pollution. The death rate associated with air pollution is significantly higher in low-and lower-middle income countries than in high-income countries. This publication further develops the evidence base for air-quality management through up-to-date estimates of air pollution’s global economic costs. The analyses presented here build on previous cost estimates by the Bank and its partners, as well as on more comprehensive air-quality data from monitoring stations in many cities across the world. By providing monetary estimates of air pollution’s health damages, this publication aims to support policy makers and decision-makers in client countries in prioritizing air pollution amid competing development challenges. Its findings build a robust economic case to invest scarce budgetary resources in the design and implementation of policies and interventions for improving air quality. Such investments will deliver benefits for societies at large, and particularly for vulnerable groups. This publication builds a strong case for scaling up investments for air pollution control in low-and middle-income countries.

Download or read book The Economic Theory of Pollution Control written by Paul Burrows and published by Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book makes the theory accessible to a wider range of economics students and to researchers in disciplines such as engineering, urban, and environmental studies who need a nontechnical introduction to the economic analysis of pollution.

Download or read book The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants.

Download or read book Valuing the Environment Methodological and Measurement Issues written by Rüdiger Pethig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decades, environmental economics as a science has been very successful in improving our understanding of environment-economy interdepen dence. Using conventional economic methodology, environmental aspects have been explicitly incorporated into economic models making use of the concept of externality. This concept was already familiar to economists long before evidence of severe environmental deterioration found its way into the headlines and peo ple's awareness. But before that time, external effects were not considered as being empirically very relevant, they seemed to be -like the example of the bees and the fruit trees - somewhat bucolic in nature. All that changed dramatically when it was no longer possible (or easy) to ignore the large-scale environmental disruption with its negative feedback on consumers and producers caused by growing pollution and excessive use of environmental resources. In diagnosing the discrepancy between private and social cost as the cause of the problem, the externality paradigm proved very useful. The correct diagnosis implies the straightforward cure to internalise all external cost, namely the damage cost of pollution. But it is one thing to identify the qualitative nature of the problem at an abstract conceptual level and quite another thing to place specific money values on pollution damage and society's valuation of the environment, respectively, in the context of specific pollution (control) problems. Very often it is controversial not only how inefficient the no-policy situation is but also what exactly the net benefit of any public action of reducing pollution is.

Download or read book Environmental Pollution and Economic Cost Relationship written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In General, the economy growth is always the attention focal point to every country. The economy growth impacts the protecting environment, on the contrary, the protecting environment also impacts the economy growth whether the environment is a factor considering the economic growth. In fact, environment not only provides the substance foundation and activity space for human, but also is responsible for production. Economic development not only enhances the integration national power and improves the people's life quality, but brings number of environmental problems, soil degradation, desertification etc. Concerning how to reduce environment pollution and to raise economic growth at the same time. I shall have these questions to be needed to answer in order to give suggestion to solve this challenge. These questions are such as below:⦁Whether does economic growth affect the environment?⦁On the contrary, whether also does the protecting environment affect the growth economy?⦁Whether is protecting economy and protecting environment a pair of contradiction or not what creates the environment problem?⦁Is economic development incompatible with environmental quality?⦁What is the effect of an increase in employment or wages on the environment in a particular industry?⦁How do environmental conditions or regulations influence firm location and expansion decisions and thus economic growth in a community?However, I feel that poverty is another factor to cause environmental pollution. Instead of factory manufacturing industry, such as India has many poor people neglect to keep natural river, ocean, hill, farming, and any public places environment to be clean and not direct to use these natural places. Solving this problem is that developing countries' economy how to increase economy under the protecting environment. Analyzing poverty and environmental pollution relationship is the focal point. We need to concern problem formulation, such as what the conflict is between developing economic and protecting environment. For example, the problem is concerned the traffic point problem, such as the environment impact of transportation has now become a global issue. Otherwise, environment impacts from transportation in the developed world are now equalized or exceeded by those in developing countries. It is given the relatively high level of car ownership and use in developing countries, such as developed country Hong Kong, which is a small Asia city, but there are many Hong Kong people who like to buy cars to drive to go to office on the roads every day. Hence, it causes much traffic jam transportation problems to Hong Kong roads every day. Otherwise, developing country, Africa. Because people are poor commonly, so there are less many own cars. The air pollution will be reduced also. However, Hong Kong has higher level of pollution to have a negative impact on employment growth due to the following reasons: