Download or read book Environmental Assessment Managing Black Bear Damage to Timber in Western Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Finding of No Significant Impact and Decision for Management of Black Bear Damage to Timber in Western Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Timber Damage by Black Bears written by Dale L. Nolte and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes alternative approaches to controlling the damage black bears cause during the spring when they strip bark to eat the newly formed wood underneath. One bear might strip as many as 70 trees in a day. The trees will be damaged and may be killed if the bark is stripped all the way around the tree, girdling it. Bears appear to strip the most vigorous trees, preferring stands that have been thinned, or those where urea fertilizer has been applied. Bears also appear to prefer trees with a high concentration of sugars relative to the concentration of terpenes. Pruning decreases the sugar-to-terpene ratio, reducing the likelihood that trees will be stripped by bears. Bears generally quit stripping trees once other foods become available during the late spring or early summer. One approach to reducing damage has been to provide supplemental feed (pellets resembling dog food) in stands being damaged by bears. In one study, damage was just one-fifth as much in stands with feeders as in stands without feeders. Killing bears in areas where trees are being stripped can also reduce damage. Other approaches, such as relocation, contraception or sterilization, or repellents, are not generally practical for protecting forest plantations.

Download or read book A Multi Spatial Scale Economic Analysis of the Impacts of Bear Damage to Douglas fir on Private Timberlands in the Pacific Northwest written by Kristina N. Kline and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black bears (Ursus americanus) in western Oregon and Washington peel bark from conifers in early spring to forage on the sugar-rich phloem and cambial tissues. This provides important energy at a time when similarly attractive forage is scarce. Bears often damage Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees in stands that are intensively managed for timber production, as management activities including thinning and fertilization increase productivity. Fully girdled trees result in a complete economic loss while partial girdling reduces survival rates as well as merchantable volume. Previous studies on economic impacts have assessed only those losses to fully girdled trees, but not additional impacts from wounded trees. We surveyed four severely damaged stands to assess economic impacts at the stand-level, and surveyed 122 randomly selected vulnerable stands to assess economic impacts at the landscape-level. Two damage scenarios were considered. Scenario one accounted for the additional mortality and volume losses from partially girdled trees, whereas scenario two assumed that all bear-peeled trees resulted in a complete loss. Stand volumes were estimated using the Forest Vegetation Simulator growth and yield model. Economic losses were estimated using the Fuel Reduction Cost Simulator and present value models. At the stand-level, economic losses to severe bear damage in scenario one ranged from $6,100 to $24,500. Economic losses in scenario two ranged from $19,500 to $74,700. Undamaged stands were valued from $43K-$250K. At the landscape level, economic losses to vulnerable stands in scenario one ranged from $44,500 to $726,000. Economic losses in scenario two ranged from $169,000 to $2.8M. Undamaged stands were valued from $48M-$780.5M. Root disease was a more prevalent damage agent than black bear damage. The majority of bear damage observed (92%) was older (>2 yrs) and existed at a low frequency (1.5 bear damaged trees/ha) and severity across the landscape. Our results suggest that bear damage management over the last two decades may have reached a level of efficiency at reducing damage, and if continued, bear damage may remain at low levels across the landscape. On-the-ground monitoring of the status of bear damage frequency and severity across western Oregon and Washington at both the stand and landscape levels will provide an understanding of these changes over time as a result of management decisions.

Download or read book Report environmental Effects of Forest Biomass Removal written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Roseburg District Area Resource s Management Plan RMP written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forest Based Biomass Energy written by Frank Spellman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is forest-based biomass energy and why should we care? Written by environmental expert Frank Spellman, Forest-Based Biomass Energy: Concepts and Applications details how forest biomass can be converted to energy and energy products, including direct combustion, pellets, gasification, and co-firing. It explores the possibilities of forest-based

Download or read book Summaries of the Proceedings of the Western Forestry Conference written by Western Forestry and Conservation Association (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Summaries of the Proceedings of the Western Forestry Conference written by Western Forestry Conference and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report of the Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station for the Calendar Year written by Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland, Or.) and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Black Bear Damage to Forest Trees in Northwest Oregon 1988 1989 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station written by Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland, Or.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Natural Areas Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings Western Hemlock Management Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Wildlife Techniques Manual written by Nova J. Silvy and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2020-07-28 with total page 1401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The #1 selling wildlife management book for 40 years, now updated for the next generation of professionals and students. Since its original publication in 1960, The Wildlife Techniques Manual has remained the cornerstone text for the professional wildlife biologist. Now fully revised and updated, this eighth edition promises to be the most comprehensive resource on wildlife biology, conservation, and management for years to come. Superbly edited by Nova J. Silvy and published in association with The Wildlife Society, the 50 authoritative chapters included in this work provide a full synthesis of methods used in the field and laboratory. Chapter authors, all leading wildlife professionals, explain and critique traditional and new methodologies and offer thorough discussions of a wide range of relevant topics. To effectively incorporate the explosion of new information in the wildlife profession, this latest edition is logically organized into a 2-volume set: Volume 1 is devoted to research techniques and Volume 2 focuses on pragmatic management methodologies. Volume 1 describes research design and proper analytic methods prior to conducting research, as well as methods and considerations for capturing and handling wild animals and information on identification and marking of captured animals. It also includes new chapters on nutritional research and field sign identification, and on emerging topics, including structured decision-making. Finally, Volume 1 addresses measurements of wildlife abundance and habitat and research on individual animals. Volume 2 begins with a section on the relationship between research and management including public outreach, described in a context that encourages engagement prior to initiation of management. An adaptive management approach is described as a cornerstone of natural resource management, followed by a section on managing landscapes and wildlife populations. The volume also includes new chapters on ethics in wildlife science and conservation, conflict resolution and management, and land reclamation. A standard text in a variety of courses, the Techniques Manual, as it is commonly called, covers every aspect of modern wildlife management and provides practical information for applying the hundreds of methods described in its pages. This deft and thorough update ensures that The Wildlife Techniques Manual will remain an indispensable resource, one that professionals and students in wildlife biology, conservation, and management simply cannot do without.

Download or read book Proceedings Vertebrate Pest Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human wildlife Conflicts written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: