Download or read book Enhancing the Beneficial Use of Fly Ash in Concrete and in Mine Reclamation written by Mina Mohebbi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion of coal to generate electricity produces huge volume of coal combustion products (CCPs) annually in the United States. Due to their promising physical and chemical characteristics, these byproducts can be beneficially used as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) in portland cement concrete, mining applications, structural fills, and soil and waste stabilization. However, the efficiency and environmental impacts of such beneficial uses need to be further evaluated and enhanced. The unburned carbon (UC) content of fly ash impacts the performance (e.g., air entrainment and rheology) of concrete mixtures. The conventional loss on ignition (LOI) test to measure the UC may be overestimating as the weight change upon igniting fly ash could be the result of other physical and chemical reactions (e.g., calcination of carbonates, removal of bound water, and iron and sulfur oxidation) in addition to organic carbon burning. Moreover, reclamation of mine sites using coal ash has been shown to potentially alleviate the negative effects of mining activities such as neutralizing the acid mine drainage. However, during coal combustion process, trace elements are concentrated onto fly ash particles, and the long-term leaching of harmful elements from coal ash to subsurface aquifers is an environmental concern. This research studies focuses on evaluating and enhancing the beneficial uses of fly ash (as the predominant coal combustion byproduct) in two areas: 1- in portland cement concrete through measuring the UC content, and 2- in mine site reclamation through evaluating the leaching behavior of fly ash deposits to water resources in short and long terms. In the first part of this research study, a two-atmosphere thermogravimetric analysis (2A-TGA) coupled with mass spectrometry was performed to evaluate the chemical reactions that occur upon heating of fly ash and to measure the true UC content. 2A-TGA was performed under two distinct atmospheres: (i) in non-oxidizing helium gas, to measure weight loss due to decomposition of carbonates and loss of bound water, and (ii) in oxidizing air, to measure weight loss due to conversion of UC to CO2. The results were also compared with the total carbon (TC) measured using infrared spectroscopy. It was found that there is no one-to-one relationship between the LOI and the TC or UC contents of fly ash. LOI overestimated TC by up to 2.5 and overestimated UC by up to 6.4. Based on the results of this study, a practical alternative to 2A-TGA could be to heat fly ash in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (e.g., vacuum, He- or N2-purged furnace) up to 750 oC, followed by a conventional LOI test.In the second part of this study, leaching behavior of fly ash deposits was evaluated through (i) defining the host phases for environmentally important elements and (ii) developing a reactive transport model to predict the long-term leaching behavior. Determining the host phases was achieved through micro-characterizing the coal ash and flow-through column leaching tests. It was found that amorphous aluminosilicate is the main host phase for Si, Al, Fe, and, Mg. Alkalis such as Na, K, and trace elements including As and Se are also distributed in the bulk Al-Si glass in low concentrations. The Initially high concentrations of Ca and S in the leachate were mainly due to the dissolution of gypsum. Surface associated salts (e.g., sulfate and borate salts) dissolve Na, K, S, and B ions at early stages of leaching. Iron was found both as ferromagnetic particles containing magnetite and hematite, and also included in the amorphous phase in lower amounts. The host phases were then considered as input data for a quantitative reactive transport 1D model using CrunchFlow code. The calibrated model was used to predict the concentration of major elements (Ca, S, Si, Al, Fe, Na, K, Mg), and trace elements (As, Mo, Se, B) along 10 years of leaching. The leachate composition at early ages of leaching might exceed the environmental limits for S, B, Mo, and Al. However, in long-term the overall composition meets the leaching limits except for aluminum content. The porosity of compacted fly ash starts to increase from the top layers, and in long-term (e.g., 30 years of weathering) it reached from 28% to 45%, which can significantly affect the stability and transport properties.

Download or read book Coal Fly Ash Beneficiation written by Segun Akinyemi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book deals with various, very significant topics of coal fly ash beneficiation, such as treatment of acid mine drainage with coal fly ash, toxic metal adsorption using coal fly ash, recovery of metals from coal fly ash and phytoreclamation of abandoned acid mine drainage site after treatment with coal fly ash, the status of research in coal fly ash utilization and applications and some other related topics in this growing and increasingly important research area. Overall, coal fly ash beneficiation has come to assume an important role in most areas of waste management research today. Continued growth and emphasis on scientific research is expected in all areas of waste management and conversion of waste to wealth technologies.

Download or read book Properties and Use of Coal Fly Ash written by Lindon K.A. Sear and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book draws together a large quantity of research that has been carried out on pulverised fuel ash (PFA) over the past 30 years.In addition to covering the potential uses of PFA it provides an overview of the benefits of use.

Download or read book Reclamation of Acidic Coal mine Spoil with Fly Ash written by Lester M. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Utilization of Fly Ash and Coal Mine Refuse as a Road Base Material written by Roger C. Wilmoth and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement of Permeability for Fly Ash Cement Used in Mine Land Reclamation at Bark Camp Penfield Pa written by Matt Koerber and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fly Ash Utilization written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Use of Fly Ash in Soil cement written by Chester W. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fly Ash written by Prabir Kumar Sarker and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fly ash is a by-product of the combustion of coal and other waste materials. In recent years, there has been intensive research on fly ash because of the increasing demand for the recycling of industrial by-products to improve sustainability in manufacturing and infrastructure. This book presents some of the latest developments in the generation, characterisation, utilisation and environmental impacts of fly ash. Recent developments on the methods of collection and analysis of fly ash, and novel applications such as in geopolymers and recovery of resources from fly ash are included. The book is intended for professionals in research and academics, and students interested in materials and sustainability. The book consists of 17 chapters contributed by 42 authors. Each chapter ends with an extensive list of references for further information. The topics on fly ash have been grouped into the following three parts: Part 1: various sources, methods of collection, factors influencing collection efficiency, flow and hydrodynamic behaviours, methods of characterisation, physical, chemical, leaching and radiation properties, and extraction of metals from fly ash; Part 2: different technological initiatives on utilisation, applications in the construction industry, use as a supplementary cementitious material, alkali-activated binder, polypropylene composite materials, and behaviour of fly ash geopolymer concrete; and Part 3: health and environmental issues such as the effects on lung and heart, bioleaching for detoxification, ash from incinerated wastes, and lifecycle assessment of civil structures using fly ash.

Download or read book Coal Ash Beneficial Use in Mine Reclamation and Mine Drainage Remediation in Pennsylvania written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fly Ash in Concrete written by K. Wesche and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a state-of-the-art report which documents current knowledge on the properties of fly ash in concrete and the use of fly ash in construction. It includes RILEM Recommendations on fly ash in concrete and a comprehensive bibliography including over 800 references.

Download or read book Perspectives on Bulk Use of Fly Ash written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fly Ash Increases Resistance of Concrete to Sulfate Attack written by James T. Dikeou and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book How Should the Federal Government Address the Health and Environmental Risks of Coal Combustion Waste written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Coal Combustion Products CCPs written by Tom Robl and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal Combustion Products (CCPs): Their Nature, Utilization and Beneficiation is a valuable resource for engineers and scientists from the coal, cement, concrete, and construction industries seeking an in-depth guide to the characteristics, utilization, beneficiation, and environmental impacts of coal combustion by-products. Researchers in universities working in this area will also find much to expand their knowledge. The book provides a detailed overview of the different waste materials produced during power generation from coal, exploring their nature, beneficiation techniques, applications, and environmental impacts. Strong focus is placed on coal fly ash, bottom ash, and flue gas desulfurization materials, and their employment in cement, concrete, gypsum products, aggregates, road construction, geotechnics, and agriculture, among other products and industries. Part 1 focuses on the nature of coal ashes, with chapters on their origin, generation, and storage, both in ponds and landfill. The coal combustion by-products produced as a result of clean coal technologies are the focus of the final chapter in the section. The next group of chapters in Part 2 considers the utilization of different waste materials, including the key products coal fly ash, bottom ash, and flue gas desulfurization materials. This is followed by a contribution reviewing the latest research into innovative and advanced uses for coal ash. After an introduction to ash quality problems and quality monitoring, Part 3 concentrates on the essential area of by-product beneficiation techniques, in other words how to maximize the quality of materials for the end user. Topics covered include separation methods, thermal processing, and chemical passivation. The final section of the book addresses environmental issues, including the use of coal combustion by-products in green construction materials and the essential health and safety considerations associated with their use.

Download or read book Coal Combustion Products Extension Program written by Tarunjit S. Butalia and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final project report presents the activities and accomplishments of the ''Coal Combustion Products Extension Program'' conducted at The Ohio State University from August 1, 2000 to June 30, 2005 to advance the beneficial uses of coal combustion products (CCPs) in highway and construction, mine reclamation, agricultural, and manufacturing sectors. The objective of this technology transfer/research program at The Ohio State University was to promote the increased use of Ohio CCPs (fly ash, FGD material, bottom ash, and boiler slag) in applications that are technically sound, environmentally benign, and commercially competitive. The project objective was accomplished by housing the CCP Extension Program within The Ohio State University College of Engineering with support from the university Extension Service and The Ohio State University Research Foundation. Dr. Tarunjit S. Butalia, an internationally reputed CCP expert and registered professional engineer, was the program coordinator. The program coordinator acted as liaison among CCP stakeholders in the state, produced information sheets, provided expertise in the field to those who desired it, sponsored and co-sponsored seminars, meetings, and speaking at these events, and generally worked to promote knowledge about the productive and proper application of CCPs as useful raw materials. The major accomplishments of the program were: (1) Increase in FGD material utilization rate from 8% in 1997 to more than 20% in 2005, and an increase in overall CCP utilization rate of 21% in 1997 to just under 30% in 2005 for the State of Ohio. (2) Recognition as a ''voice of trust'' among Ohio and national CCP stakeholders (particularly regulatory agencies). (3) Establishment of a national and international reputation, especially for the use of FGD materials and fly ash in construction applications. It is recommended that to increase Ohio's CCP utilization rate from 30% in 2005 to 40% by 2010, the CCP Extension Program be expanded at OSU, with support from state and federal agencies, utilities, trade groups, and the university, to focus on the following four specific areas of promise: (a) Expanding use in proven areas (such as use of fly ash in concrete); (b) Removing or reducing regulatory and perceptual barriers to use (by working in collaboration with regulatory agencies); (c) Developing new or under-used large-volume market applications (such as structural fills); and (d) Placing greater emphasis on FGD byproducts utilization.

Download or read book Phytomanagement of Fly Ash written by Vimal Chandra Pandey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytomanagement of Fly Ash brings together the recent and established knowledge of different aspects of fly ash management, providing a cutting-edge synthesis of scientific and experiential knowledge on contaminated site restoration. Phytomanagement of Fly Ash provides readers with ecologically friendly and cost-effective solutions to decontaminate fly ash polluted sites, along with potential opportunities in phytoremediation that also yield biodiesel, aromatic oil, bio-fortified products and pulp-paper biomass. The book also focuses on novel topics, such as afforestation on fly ash catena, adaptive management, potential sink for carbon sequestration, and ecosystem goods and services. This book is a useful reference for environmental professionals in the coal industry, ecological planners and managers, students, practitioners and policymakers involved in phytoremediation. - Provides a holistic approach to fly ash, covering the ecological, economic and social issues related to its management - Addresses the multiple industrial uses of fly ash - Includes strategies to mitigate costs related to fly ash dump restoration