Download or read book English Machine Reading Comprehension New Approaches to Answering Multiple choice Questions written by Daria Dzendzik and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reading comprehension is often tested by measuring a person or system's ability to answer questions about a given text. Machine reading comprehension datasets have proliferated in recent years, particularly for the English language. The aim of this thesis is to investigate and improve data-driven approaches to automatic reading comprehension. Firstly, I provide a full classification of question and answer types for the reading comprehension task. I also present a systematic overview of English reading comprehension datasets (over 50 datasets). I observe that the majority of questions were created using crowdsourcing and the most popular data source is Wikipedia. There is also a lack of why, when, and where questions. Additionally, I address the question "What makes a dataset difficult?" and highlight the difference between datasets created for people and datasets created for machine reading comprehension. Secondly, focusing on multiple-choice question answering, I propose a computationally light method for answer selection based on string similarities and logistic regression. At the time (December 2017), the proposed approach showed the best performance on two datasets (MovieQA and MCQA: IJCNLP 2017 Shared Task 5 Multi-choice Question Answering in Examinations) outperforming some CNN-based methods. Thirdly, I investigate methods for Boolean Reading Comprehension tasks including the use of Knowledge Graph (KG) information for answering questions. I provide an error analysis of a transformer model's performance on the BoolQ dataset. This reveals several important issues such as unstable model behaviour and some issues with the dataset itself. Experiments with incorporating knowledge graph information into a baseline transformer model do not show a clear improvement due to a combination of the model's ability to capture new information, inaccuracies in the knowledge graph, and imprecision in entity linking. Finally, I develop a Boolean Reading Comprehension dataset based on spontaneously user-generated questions and reviews which is extremely close to a real-life question-answering scenario. I provide a classification of question difficulty and establish a transformer-based baseline for the new proposed dataset.
Download or read book Machine Reading Comprehension written by Chenguang Zhu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-20 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine reading comprehension (MRC) is a cutting-edge technology in natural language processing (NLP). MRC has recently advanced significantly, surpassing human parity in several public datasets. It has also been widely deployed by industry in search engine and quality assurance systems. Machine Reading Comprehension: Algorithms and Practice performs a deep-dive into MRC, offering a resource on the complex tasks this technology involves. The title presents the fundamentals of NLP and deep learning, before introducing the task, models, and applications of MRC. This volume gives theoretical treatment to solutions and gives detailed analysis of code, and considers applications in real-world industry. The book includes basic concepts, tasks, datasets, NLP tools, deep learning models and architecture, and insight from hands-on experience. In addition, the title presents the latest advances from the past two years of research. Structured into three sections and eight chapters, this book presents the basis of MRC; MRC models; and hands-on issues in application. This book offers a comprehensive solution for researchers in industry and academia who are looking to understand and deploy machine reading comprehension within natural language processing. Presents the first comprehensive resource on machine reading comprehension (MRC) Performs a deep-dive into MRC, from fundamentals to latest developments Offers the latest thinking and research in the field of MRC, including the BERT model Provides theoretical discussion, code analysis, and real-world applications of MRC Gives insight from research which has led to surpassing human parity in MRC
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension written by Susan E. Israel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers of reading comprehension, literacy, educational psychology, psychology, and neuroscience are brought together for this handbook, to document and summarize the current body of research on theory, methods, instruction and assessment in reading comprehension.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ENGLISH COMBINED GRADUATE LEVEL MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS written by Mocktime Publication and published by by Mocktime Publication. This book was released on with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ENGLISH COMBINED GRADUATE LEVEL MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS keywords: ssc central police forces cpo capf , ssc combined graduate level cgl, combined higher secondary level exam chsl 10+2 level exam, ssc ldc udc data entry operator exam, ssc mts matriculation level exam, ssc je civil mechanical electrical engineering exam, ssc scientific assistant exam, ssc english ajay kumar singh, ssc english by neetu singh, ssc english grammar, ssc english arihant publication, ssc previous year solved papers, ssc general awareness, ssc gk lucent, ssc math rakesh yadav, ssc previous year question bank, ssc reasoning chapterwise solved papers, ssc disha books, ssc cgl questions, ssc cpo questions, ssc mts questions, ssc chsl questions, ssc ldc clerk, ssc practice sets, ssc online test. ssc math chapterwise solved papers, ssc english kiran publication, ssc cgl/cpo/mts/chsl/je exam books, ssc online practice sets for computer based exam , ssc kiran books disha arihant lucen gk, ssc neetu singh rakesh yadav ajay singh books, ssc history geography polity economy science mcq, ssc math reasoning english gkchapterwise papers, last year previous year solved papers, online practice test papers mock test papers, computer based practice sets, online test series, exam guide manual books, gk, general knowledge awareness, mathematics quantitative aptitude, reasoning, english, previous year questions mcqs
Download or read book A Principled Approach to Language Assessment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-09-19 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is formally represented around the world by approximately 14,000 Foreign Service officers and other personnel in the U.S. Department of State. Roughly one-third of them are required to be proficient in the local languages of the countries to which they are posted. To achieve this language proficiency for its staff, the State Department's Foreign Service Institute (FSI) provides intensive language instruction and assesses the proficiency of personnel before they are posted to a foreign country. The requirement for language proficiency is established in law and is incorporated in personnel decisions related to job placement, promotion, retention, and pay. A Principled Approach to Language Assessment: Considerations for the U.S. Foreign Service Institute evaluates the different approaches that exist to assess foreign language proficiency that FSI could potentially use. This report considers the key assessment approaches in the research literature that are appropriate for language testing, including, but not limited to, assessments that use task-based or performance-based approaches, adaptive online test administration, and portfolios.
Download or read book GMAT Reading Comprehension written by Manhattan Prep and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This in-depth guide takes the mystery out of complex reading passages by providing a toolkit of sketching techniques that aim to build comprehension, speed, and accuracy. Learn to identify the underlying structure of reading passages and develop methods to tackle the toughest comprehension questions.
Download or read book QAR Now written by Taffy E. Raphael and published by Teaching Resources. This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A powerful and practical framework that develops comprehension and higher-level thinking in all students.
Download or read book GMAT Official Guide 2018 Book Online written by GMAC (Graduate Management Admission Council) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The definitive guide from the makers of the GNAT exam."
Download or read book GMAT Official Guide 2018 Verbal Review Book Online written by GMAC (Graduate Management Admission Council) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A supplement to the Official Guide with 300 additional verbal questions The GMAT Official Guide 2018 Verbal Review provides additional practical preparation focused on the verbal portion of the exam. Written by the Graduate Management Admission Council, this guide contains 300 real GMAT questions from past exams, including 45 never-before-seen questions, plus the following features: An overview of the exam to help you get familiar with the content and format Comprehensive grammar review Detailed answer explanations that explain how the test maker thinks about a question Questions organized in order of difficulty from easiest to hardest to focus your study Access to the same questions online at gmat.wiley.com, where you can build your own practice sets Don’t waste time practicing on fake GMAT questions. Optimize your study time with the GMAT Official Guide 2018 Verbal Review using real questions from actual past exams.
Download or read book The Official Guide for GMAT Verbal Review 2015 written by GMAC (Graduate Management Admission Council) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the only official study guide focusing on the verbal portion of the GMAT exam. It delivers more than 300 retired GMAT® questions and answer explanations from the creators of the test to help focus your test preparation efforts. New to The Official Guide for GMAT® verbal Review 2015: Online access to 300 Reading Comprehension, Critical Reasoning, and Sentence Correction questions allowing the creation of customized practice tests. Exclusive access to videos from real test takers and GMAC staff who share insight and tips on GMAT® preparation.
Download or read book GMAT Official Guide 2021 Book Online Question Bank written by GMAC (Graduate Management Admission Council) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GMAT™ Official Guide 2021 Your GMAT™ prep begins here. Designed by the makers of the GMAT exam. Study with confidence. All GMAT™ Official Prep products are the only prep resources containing real GMAT™ questions from past exams. It’s why we are official. Get comprehensive practice by studying with 1,172 questions across quantitative and verbal reasoning from past GMAT™ exams. Answer explanations are included so that you can study the reasoning behind the answers to help improve your understanding and performance. The questions in each section are organized by difficulty level: easy, medium and hard. Start at the beginning and work your way up to the harder questions as you build upon your knowledge. The GMAT™ Official Guide 2021 will allow you to: LEARN ABOUT THE GMAT™ EXAM – Gain an overview of the exam including the format, content and test-taking strategies. GAIN COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE – Prepare with over 1,172 questions across Quantitative and Verbal Reasoning sections and online. Study Answer Explanations – Learn the methods behind the answers with detailed explanations. Build Upon Your Knowledge – Practice with questions organized from easiest to hardest. Plus! Practice online with the GMAT™ Official Guide Online Question Bank Practice online with the same questions from the book PLUS more than 150 additional online-exclusive questions—included with your purchase. Online practice will allow you to: New! Review with online flashcardsto master key concepts to prepare and test with confidence Practice with a total of 1,172 practice questions Create your own online practice sets Filter by fundamental skill and difficulty level Track your improvements with performance metrics Practice in exam mode to get ready for test day Study on the go with the mobile app! Access your data seamlessly between your devices and offline! The GMAT™ Official Guide 2021 gives you the tools you need to confidently prepare for test day. This product includes print book with a unique code to access the GMAT™ Online Question Bank and mobile app.
Download or read book Assessing Academic English for Higher Education Admissions written by Xiaoming Xi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-26 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing Academic English for Higher Education Admissions is a state-of-the-art overview of advances in theories and practices relevant to the assessment of academic English skills for higher education admissions purposes. The volume includes a brief introduction followed by four main chapters focusing on critical developments in theories and practices for assessing reading, listening, writing, and speaking, of which the latter two also address the assessment of integrated skills such as reading-writing, listening-speaking, and reading-listening-speaking. Each chapter reviews new task types, scoring approaches, and scoring technologies and their implications in light of the increasing use of technology in academic communication and the growing use of English as a lingua franca worldwide. The volume concludes with recommendations about critical areas of research and development that will help move the field forward. Assessing Academic English for Higher Education Admissions is an ideal resource for researchers and graduate students in language testing and assessment worldwide.
Download or read book GMAT Official Guide 2020 written by GMAC (Graduate Management Admission Council) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you still unprepared for the GMAT? Catch up with the Official Guide. GMAT Official Guide 2021 is the only study guide written by the Graduate Management Admission Council, the makers of the GMAT exam. Get a competitive edge by studying the guide's 950+ questions. The questions are arranged from simplest to hardest, so you'll be able to consistently increase your knowledge as you fly through the guide. Access online the 950 questions in the book (plus an additional 150 online only questions!) complete with detailed answer keys and strategies direct from the makers of the GMAT. You can even use the mobile app to study while you’re at work or school. It's easy to work seamlessly between all of your devices! GMAT Official Guide 2021 comes with: Detailed descriptions of the GMAT’s format and content Comprehensive strategies for performing well on the GMAT Online flashcards to help you retain what you read Complete grammar and quantitative reviews Actual GMAT essay topics along with sample responses and scoring info
Download or read book AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO EFFECTIVE INDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATIONS written by Richard McVey Davis and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computer Assisted Language Learning Concepts Methodologies Tools and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 2194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a diverse society, the ability to cross communication barriers is critical to the success of any individual personally, professionally, and academically. With the constant acceleration of course programs and technology, educators are continually being challenged to develop and implement creative methods for engaging English-speaking and non-English-speaking learners. Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a vital reference source that examines the relationship between language education and technology and the potential for curriculum enhancements through the use of mobile technologies, flipped instruction, and language-learning software. This multi-volume book is geared toward educators, researchers, academics, linguists, and upper-level students seeking relevant research on the improvement of language education through the use of technology.
Download or read book Advancing Natural Language Processing in Educational Assessment written by Victoria Yaneva and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-06-05 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancing Natural Language Processing in Educational Assessment examines the use of natural language technology in educational testing, measurement, and assessment. Recent developments in natural language processing (NLP) have enabled large-scale educational applications, though scholars and professionals may lack a shared understanding of the strengths and limitations of NLP in assessment as well as the challenges that testing organizations face in implementation. This first-of-its-kind book provides evidence-based practices for the use of NLP-based approaches to automated text and speech scoring, language proficiency assessment, technology-assisted item generation, gamification, learner feedback, and beyond. Spanning historical context, validity and fairness issues, emerging technologies, and implications for feedback and personalization, these chapters represent the most robust treatment yet about NLP for education measurement researchers, psychometricians, testing professionals, and policymakers. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
