Download or read book English as a Factor in the Process of Language Modernisation written by Bashiru Ahmed Ikara and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book English as a Global Language written by David Crystal and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in a detailed and fascinating manner, this book is ideal for general readers interested in the English language.
Download or read book Can Language be Planned written by Joan Rubin and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2019-03-31 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pioneer study goes well beyond the subject of linguistics to encompass economic, sociological, political, and educational approaches to language change. In the context of the development of national resources, the book focuses on language planning--the deliberate change and promotion of language structure and language use. It outlines a theoretical approach to the study of language planning and includes selected case studies which demonstrate the possibilities of broadening and improving national planning by taking linguistic and human resources into explicit account to enhance forecasting. The contributors to this volume include highly renowned experts in their respective academic fields as well as actual language planners. They were brought together on the instigation of a study group on language-planning processes sponsored by the East-West Center, University of Hawaii, with Ford Foundation support. Can Language Be Planned? is one result of their joint studies. An on-going cross-national research project on language-planning processes at Stanford University is another.
Download or read book Asian Englishes written by Braj B. Kachru and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides crucial reading for students and researchers of world Englishes. It is an insightful and provocative study of the forms and functions of English in Asia, its acculturation and nativization, and the innovative dimensions of Asian creativity. It contextualizes a variety of theoretical, applied and ideological issues with refreshing interpretations and reevaluations and can be used both as a classroom text and a resource volume.
Download or read book The Development of Early Modern English written by Marta Zapala-Kraj and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Study from the year 2009 in the subject English - History of Literature, Eras, course: -, language: English, abstract: In the development of languages particular events often have recognizable and at times far-reaching effects. The Norman Conquest and the Black Death are typical instances that shaped the Middle English. In the Modern English period, the beginning of which is conveniently placed at 1500, numerous new conditions began to play an important role, conditions that previously either had not existed at all or were present in only a limited way, and they caused English to develop along somewhat different lines from those that had characterized its history in the Middle Ages. The new factors were the printing press, the rapid spread of popular education, the increased communication and means of communication, the growth of specialized knowledge, and the emergence of various forms of self-consciousness about language. Above everything, however, there is the factor which should be referred to as self-consciousness about language. This had two aspects, one individual, one public. At the individual level one may observe a phenomenon that has become intensely important in modern times: as people lift themselves into a different economic or intellectual or social level, they were likely to make an effort to adopt the standards of grammar and pronunciation of the people with whom they have identified, just as they tried to conform to fashions and tastes in dress and amusements. However superficial such conformity might be, people were as careful of their speech as of their manners. Awareness that there were standards of language was a part of their social consciousness. Most people were less aware that such standards were largely accidental rather than absolute, having developed through the historical contingencies of economics, culture, and class. The following paper has been written with the purpose of presenting the reader aspects of the fascinatin
Download or read book Modern English Its Growth and Present Use written by George Philip Krapp and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Krapp's classic study of the English language charts its evolution from Old English to Middle English to Modern English, with a focus on the linguistic and social factors that shaped its development. In addition to tracing the changes in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation, Krapp also examines the role of dialects, regional variations, and literary styles in shaping the way we use language today. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The Progressive in Modern English written by Svenja Kranich and published by Brill. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the first full-length diachronic treatment of the English progressive from Old English to Present-day English, focusing on the crucial phase of its grammaticalization between the 17th and 20th centuries. It uses data from the British component of ARCHER-2 (A Representative Corpus of Historical English Registers, version 2) to uncover the details of this long-term grammaticalization process, tracing the development of the construction from a stylistic device to a fully-fledged aspect marker. Illustrated by a wealth of examples, the work offers new results concerning the preferred linguistic environments and the development of the functions of the progressive. In contrast to previous studies, the author shows that there are certain restrictions to context expansion in grammaticalization. She argues convincingly that the persistent reluctance of the progressive to occur in certain contexts does not point to incomplete grammaticalization, but can instead be explained as a product of its particular functions. The author also challenges the tenet that grammaticalization is generally accompanied by subjectification.
Download or read book Status and Function of Languages and Language Varieties written by Ulrich Ammon and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impact and Future of English as a Global Language written by denis kastrati and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2017 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 10, , course: Lexicology and Etymology, language: English, abstract: This paper reviews and discusses English as a global language, as we know that English language is one of the most spoken languages in the world. Language is said to be the mirror of mind, language is a part of communication. English language is part of the Indo-European language family. English language is branch of the Germanic family. This paper is divided into three main sections. The first section gives an introduction on English as a global Language, then English as a lingua franca, and the future of English.
Download or read book English in Modern Times written by Joan C Beal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English in Modern Times describes the development of the English language from 1700 until 1945, and argues that it is in the course of this later modern English period that the characteristics of 'modern' English evolved. This is the first undergraduate text to cover the whole of this important period, which has been called the 'Cinderella' of English historical linguistics because of its lack of representation in scholarly literature. This book is sociohistorical in orientation, arguing that social changes in the Anglophone world need to be taken into account if we are to understand the linguistic changes that occurred during this period. Further chapters deal with changes in vocabulary, syntax and morphology and phonology and with the attempts of lexicographers, grammarians and elocutionists to arrest and control these changes by codifying the language. Unlike many earlier histories of English, 'English in Modern Times' does not define 'English' as confined to Standard (English) English, but also considers the development of extraterritorial Englishes and non-standard varieties of British English in the Later Modern period.
Download or read book Journal of Cultural Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Changing English Language written by Marianne Hundt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts from psycholinguistics and English historical linguistics address core factors in language change.
Download or read book Algaita written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Markets of English written by Joseph Sung-Yul Park and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global spread of English both reproduces and reinforces oppressive structures of inequality. But such structures can no longer be seen as imposed from an imperial center, as English is now actively adopted and appropriated in local contexts around the world. This book argues that such conditions call for a new critique of global English, one that is sensitive to both the political economic conditions of globalization and speakers’ local practices. Linking Bourdieu’s theory of the linguistic market and his practice-based perspective with recent advances in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology, this book offers a fresh new critique of global English. The authors highlight the material, discursive, and semiotic processes through which the value of English in the linguistic market is constructed, and suggest possible policy interventions that may be adopted to address the problems of global English. Through its serious engagement with current sociolinguistic theory and insightful analysis of the multiple dimensions of English in the world, this book challenges the readers to think about what we need to do to confront the social inequalities that are perpetuated by the global spread of English
Download or read book How English Became the Global Language written by D. Northrup and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the first written about the globalization of the English language by a professional historian, the exploration of English's global ascendancy receives its proper historical due. This brief, accessible volume breaks new ground in its organization, emphasis on causation, and conclusions.
Download or read book English Around the World written by Jenny Cheshire and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-04-26 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social development of English as a world language emerges from a comprehensive account of our current knowledge of it as well as the gaps in understanding which future research can remedy.
Download or read book The Spread of English in the World written by Eva-Maria Kaufmann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2011 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: Distinction, University of Newcastle upon Tyne (EDUCATION COMMUNICATIONS AND LANGUAGE SCIENCES), course: Sociolinguistics, language: English, abstract: The massive increase of English speakers around the world who speak it at all different levels of proficiency, for any variety of purposes and with (other) non-native speakers has sparked some concerns and controversies. Some are concerned that its wide spread and the emergence and institutionalisation of new ‘Englishes’ will lead to a language fragmentation that could ultimately result in mutual unintelligibility. The question of who holds authority over English today is causing heated discussions. Teaching practices for English as a foreign language are yet another contentious subject. For the most part, English teaching is still oriented towards British or North American varieties, and a learner’s proficiency is measured in relation to those norms. Some, however, demand that English teaching practices take into account that usage situations and requirements for English have changed, and that teachers prepare students for international communication rather than communication with Americans or British. The issue with perhaps the greatest political significance is that of linguistic imperialism. As English, particularly the ‘prestige varieties’ British and American, are being taught to more and more people across the world, some have voiced their concern that this “compromises the cultural integrity of the non-native speaker”. There is a fear that English might suppress or even replace local languages and be used as a tool to spread Anglo-American cultural hegemony. This essay gives first a rough overview over who speaks English in the world today. It then briefly discusses some of the attempts by scholars to categorise this immense number of ddifferent people, focusing particularly on Kachru’s model of the spread of English. It addresses some of the factors that lead to the emergence of new varieties of English, describing Nigerian English and China English in more detail by way of an example. Linguistic imperialism is discussed subsequently as one particularly controversial issue relating to the rise of English to one of the world’s most predominant languages.
