Download or read book Employment and Life of Vietnamese Women During Economic Transition written by Thi Lê and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Employment and life of Vietnamese women during economic transition written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vietnam s Women in Transition written by Kathleen Barry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women experiencing the dynamic changes of rapid industrialization in the Vietnam of today - in the family, the factory, the farm and the state - from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City - are the focus of this book. Here, the latest Vietnamese research and policy on women and the family are in dialogue with US feminist theory, research and analysis, providing a multi-disciplinary approach to women's labour, health and fertility, rural development, violence against women, and women's historical and political status at a critical moment of economic and social change.
Download or read book Women and i M i in Vietnam written by Thị Vân Anh Trần and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores women's issues in Vietnam during economic transition. Looks at trends and changes in the socio-economic and cultural lives of women and their families in response to recent socio-economic reforms in Vietnam.
Download or read book The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing written by Martín Rama and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. In Vietnam during the massive downsizing in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. But in the downsizing in the early part of this decade women are less likely than men to be retrenched in large numbers.
Download or read book Essential Trade written by Ann Marie Leshkowich and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2014-09-30 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “My husband doesn’t have a head for business,” complained Ngoc, the owner of a children’s clothing stall in Ben Thanh market. “Naturally, it’s because he’s a man.” When the women who sell in Ho Chi Minh City’s iconic marketplace speak, their language suggests that activity in the market is shaped by timeless, essential truths: Vietnamese women are naturally adept at buying and selling, while men are not; Vietnamese prefer to do business with family members or through social contacts; stallholders are by nature superstitious; marketplace trading is by definition a small-scale enterprise. Essential Trade looks through the façade of these “timeless truths” and finds active participants in a political economy of appearances: traders’ words and actions conform to stereotypes of themselves as poor, weak women in order to clinch sales, manage creditors, and protect themselves from accusations of being greedy, corrupt, or “bourgeois” – even as they quietly slip into southern Vietnam’s growing middle class. But Leshkowich argues that we should not dismiss the traders’ self-disparaging words simply because of their essentialist logic. In Ben Thanh market, performing certain styles of femininity, kinship relations, social networks, spirituality, and class allowed traders to portray themselves as particular kinds of people who had the capacity to act in volatile political and economic circumstances. When so much seems to be changing, a claim that certain things or people are inherently or naturally a particular way can be both personally meaningful and strategically advantageous. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and life history interviewing conducted over nearly two decades, Essential Trade explores how women cloth and clothing traders like Ngoc have plied their wares through four decades of political and economic transformation: civil war, postwar economic restructuring, socialist cooperativization, and the frenetic competition of market socialism. With close attention to daily activities and life narratives, this groundbreaking work of critical feminist economic anthropology combines theoretical insight, vivid ethnography, and moving personal stories to illuminate how the interaction between gender and class has shaped people’s lives and created market socialist political economy. It provides a compelling account of postwar southern Vietnam as seen through the eyes of the dynamic women who have navigated forty years of profound change while building their businesses in the stalls of Ben Thanh market.
Download or read book Skilling Up Vietnam written by Christian Bodewig and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for workforce skills is changing in Vietnam’s dynamic economy. In addition to job-specific skills, Vietnamese employers value cognitive skills, like problem solving, and behavioral skills, like team work. This book presents an agenda of change for Vietnam’s education system to prepare workers to succeed in Vietnam’s modernizing economy.
Download or read book The Shaping of Women s Salaried Employment During Economic Reform in Vietnam written by Phuong Pham and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working in the labor market is a crucial transition in every person's developmental process, especially for women. Employment earnings provide financial contributions to the household, enhance women's bargaining power, and contribute to their self-esteem. In transitional economies, like Vietnam, the initial stages of economic development often involve industries targeting women, namely light manufacturing like garments and textiles. However, in rural areas, where the majority of Vietnam's population resides, paid employment is not easily accessible. Even after entering the labor market, women are disadvantaged in pay, promotion, and benefits. Examining women's employment and wages in Vietnam is particularly significant because the transition from a centrally planned socialist economy to a free-market based system may mean women are losing ground as protections afforded to them under socialism are removed. My dissertation is comprised of two studies. In "Multilevel Correlates of Women's Salaried Employment in Rural Vietnam," I use multi-level logistic regression analyses to examine commune level and individual level variables that influence women's wage labor. Using data from the 2012 Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey (n_individual = 5155, N_cummune = 1645), I find support for structural explanations for women's employment. Communes that have a higher per capita number of poor households decrease women's chances of working, especially among highly educated women. Individual factors associated with women's employment include education, being married, the number of small children, and non-earned income. While better education increases employment probabilities, being married, having young children, and increased non-earned income decrease employment probabilities. Prior studies on multilevel determinants of women's employment have mainly focused on the country as the macro level and individual as the micro level, leaving middle level community characteristics unexamined. Thus, this paper fills an important research gap by including middle level factors, and the findings are directly relevant to government economic development programs and policies. The second study, "How Did Women Fare in Vietnam's Labor Market during Economic Reform?" uses the Mincerian earnings equations and Oaxaca decomposition methods to examine female returns to education and the gender wage gap during Vietnam's intensive economic reform process. Using interaction terms between ownership type and time, the paper tests the effects of reform timing on female labor status. For this study, I use data from three waves of the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey: 1992, 2002, and 2012. This two decade time span captures a more complete trend than previous studies in terms of returns to education and the gender wage gap during Vietnam's long reform process. Results indicate that women had higher levels of education and enjoyed higher returns to education than did men during 1992-2012. However, the gender wage gap, which decreased during 1992-2002, began to increase during 2002-2012. Additionally, more than 100 percent of the gender wage gap during the second period was attributed to differences in how males and females were treated in the labor market. These findings stress the importance of Vietnam's continual efforts in promoting reform programs that ensure gender equality and a level playing field in the labor market so that earned wages accurately reflect human capital. In particular, the increasing gender wage gap in the second economic period highlights the value of not completely abandoning socialist policies that emphasized women's equality in the newly adopted free market system. Specifically, future policies should focus on the effective banning of any kinds of discrimination against women in recruitment, pay, and promotion.
Download or read book The Changing Face of Vietnamese Management written by Chris Rowley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-23 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vietnam has emerged from long periods of colonialization, wars and ideological conflicts to become an important economic force within Asia and a promising destination for international business ventures. The latest book in the popular Working in Asia series, The Changing Face of Vietnamese Management, draws on the experiences of local, Vietnamese experts to offer a unique perspective on the opportunities, challenges and issues facing managers and organizations operating in this fascinating emerging market. The book: Contextualizes political, economic and social traditions Discusses Vietnam’s competitiveness within the global economy Analyzes key functional areas, including HRM, marketing, finance and strategy Examines key issues and new developments in management and business This key text includes illustrative case studies and vignettes to provide broad coverage and content that would serve the needs of students and managers alike.
Download or read book Vietnam s Women in Transition written by Kathleen Barry and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women experiencing the dynamic changes of rapid industrialization in the Vietnam of today - in the family, the factory, the farm and the state - from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City - are the focus of this book. Here, the latest Vietnamese research and policy on women and the family are in dialogue with US feminist theory, research and analysis, providing a multi-disciplinary approach to women's labour, health and fertility, rural development, violence against women, and women's historical and political status at a critical moment of economic and social change.
Download or read book It s a Living written by Gerard Sasges and published by NUS Press. This book was released on 2013-07-01 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through 67 interviews and 59 colour photographs, It's a Living reveals the energy and struggle of the world of work in Vietnam today. A goldfish peddler installing aquariums, a business school graduate selling shoes on the sidewalk, a college student running an extensive multi-level sales network, and a girl doing promotions but intent on moving into management, are just a few of the people profiled. Based on frank and freewheeling interviews conducted by students, the book engages a broad range of Vietnamese, both living in Vietnam and abroad, on their feelings about work, life and getting ahead. By providing a ground-level view of the texture of daily working life in the midst of rapid and unsettling change, the book reveals Vietnam today as a place where ordinary people are leveraging whatever assets they have, not just to survive, but to make a better life for themselves, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Download or read book Gender Dimensions of Viet Nam s Comprehensive Macroeconomic and Structural Reform Policies written by Le Anh Tu Packard and published by Geneva : UNRISD. This book was released on 2006 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a gender perspective, Viet Nam is an interesting case study because it is widely seen as a "globalization" success story where historically the social and political status of women have been high compared with women's status in many other developing countries. At the same time, there is concern that women's status may be eroding during the country's rapid transition to a market economy. Thus, it is of interest to examine the relationship between gender equality and economic performance, and to assess how women have fared when macroeconomic and structural reforms are judged to have produced successful results for the society as a whole. Viet Nam's recent reform experience is particularly instructive because it helps to identify the preconditions for women to benefit from these reforms. Similar to other rapidly growing Asian countries, Viet Nam's high growth has been accompanied by increased gender inequality as well as increased income inequality. Policy makers are paying more attention to this phenomenon of growing inequality because the country is entering a new development phase which involves an acceleration of the globalization process. At risk are poor households (many headed by single mothers) in rural and remote areas which are least able to cope with the transmission of external shocks. This paper seeks to contribute to a better understanding of macroeconomic policies that benefit women by analysing the links between reform, gender equality, economic development and women's welfare as they played out in Viet Nam during the 1990s, when the government carried out far-reaching and comprehensive reforms. It employs descriptive, narrative and quantitative approaches to explain how macroeconomic and market liberalization policies, although gender-neutral in intent, can give rise to gendered outcomes as a result of various underlying and interrelated factors. These include social attitudes and conventions influenced by patriarchal values, the pattern and structure of occupational segregation and related gender wage differentials, gender differences in education levels, and labour regulations that have the effect of increasing productivity differences between men and women. The main finding of this paper is that the welfare of women in Viet Nam generally improved as a result of macroeconomic stabilization and controlled external liberalization policies adopted by a government that espoused a 'developmentalist state' model. The Doi Moi reform policies were effective because they were broadly appropriate for Viet Nam's particular circumstances. Women on the whole are better off as a result of the reforms, but the gains are not evenly distributed across income groups, regions and ethnic groups. Household and enterprise survey data present a mixed picture regarding gendered outcomes. Urban women belonging to the dominant ethnic group, by virtue of their higher status in society and better access to economic resources, have benefited more. Women who live in rural and remote areas and/or are members of ethnic minority communities tend to have low status and have benefited least. The negative aspects of the reforms bear mention. Although they were gender-neutral in intent, culturally influenced patterns of horizontal segregation and occupational segregation in Viet Nam gave rise to gendered outcomes and increased social stratification. Moreover, women bore the brunt of deflationary measures such as fiscal austerity and public sector downsizing (experienced during the early reform period). As globalization accelerates in Viet Nam, the anticipated change in ownership structure will influence the evolution of the gender wage gap. The output shares of the foreign-invested (FDI) and private sector are expected to rise at the expense of the state enterprise sector. In light of the current pattern of gender wage discrimination in the FDI and private sector, the government will need to adopt and vigorously enforce measures to increase competition in the high-wage sectors of the economy and strengthen laws against gender discrimination, in order to counteract the likelihood of a widening gender wage gap associated with private sector growth. Section 1 of this paper presents an overview of main issues and findings on the gender effects of Viet Nam's reform policies and transition to a market economy. To provide the context for understanding gender disparities in outcomes, section 2 presents basic socioeconomic, health and educational data disaggregated by gender, and outlines the legal status and condition of women in Viet Nam. Section 3 describes the main policy episodes (marked by broadly homogenous policy packages and economic circumstances) of Viet Nam's recent history, and analyses the gender dimensions of key reform policies. Section 4 concludes with a review of policy lessons, directions for future policy research, and recommendations that would enable women to improve their economic and social welfare.
Download or read book Social Inequality in Vietnam and the Challenges to Reform written by Philip Taylor and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2004 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the changing ways in which people have accumulated wealth, social and cultural capital in Vietnam's move from a socialist to a market-oriented society.
Download or read book Economic Reforms Women s Employment and Social Policies written by Valentine M. Moghadam and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprises six papers which examine how economic reforms are affecting women's employment and the social policies that have allowed women to combine working life and family life. Focuses on four developing countries undergoing economic reforms.
Download or read book Transitional Economy written by Nguyen Nhat Tuyen and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Managing Gender Diversity in Asia written by Mustafa F. Èzbilgin and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing Gender Diversity in Asia is as timely as it is important. Mustafa F. Özbilgin and Jawad Syed raise the set of issues that all of us, managers and scholars, need to ponder and address if we are to have a 21st century defined by equity. Nancy J. Adler, McGill University, Canada This timely Companion examines the unique codes and processes of managing gender diversity, equality and inclusion in Asia. Managing Gender Diversity in Asia covers the whole geography of Asia through chapters authored by eminent scholars in the field and thus provides an authoritative tool for a critical and evidence based understanding of gender diversity management in Asia. The distinctive nature of Asian institutional structures, approaches and processes are examined in order to account for variations in representation and inclusion at work for women and men. This comprehensive Companion will make ideal reading for researchers, postgraduate students and practitioners who wish to understand the methodological and thematic idiosyncrasies of researching gender diversity management in organisational settings.
Download or read book The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing written by Martin Rama and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. In Vietnam during the massive downsizing in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. But in the downsizing in the early part of this decade women are less likely than men to be retrenched in large numbers.Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. After briefly reviewing the international evidence on this issue, Rama looks at the recent experience of Vietnam and the prospects of its new reform program.During the massive downsizing in Vietnam in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. Women withdrew from the labor force in larger numbers than men after separation, but the difference nearly vanished after a year. Economic reforms were associated with a considerable decline in the gender gap in earnings, both in the state sector and outside it.Women are less likely to be retrenched in large numbers in the downsizing in the early part of this decade. Labor redundancies are concentrated in male-dominated sectors, such as mining, transport, and construction; redundancies are smaller in female-dominated sectors, such as footwear, textiles, and garments. Moreover, temporary and short-term contracts are more prevalent in female-dominated sectors, suggesting demand for women's work.Assistance programs for redundant workers have potential gender biases. Rama shows that separation packages defined as a multiple of earnings favor men more, while lump-sum packages favor women more. Packages based on seniority are roughly gender neutral, but require a substantially higher expenditure to reach the same acceptance rate as the other two.This paper - a product of Public Service Delivery, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to address social protection issues in the context of economic reforms. The study was supported by the Vietnam Country Office, East Asia and Pacific Region, and by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project quot;Efficient Public Sector Downsizingquot; (RPO 683-67). The author may be contacted at [email protected].
