Download or read book Electron Irradiation Induced Amorphization of Precipitates in Zircaloy 2 written by AJ. Machiels and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The crystalline-amorphous transformation of Zr2(Ni,Fe) precipitates in Zircaloy by electron irradiation has been studied in the high voltage electron microscope at temperatures ranging from 92 to 283 K and dose rates between 10-3 and 4 x 10-2 dpa/s. The dose-to-amorphization was found to increase exponentially with temperature and to decrease with increasing dose rate. The occurrence of the transformation was modeled by calculating the increase in free energy because of irradiation effects: accumulation of point defects and lattice disordering. The time-dependent diffusion equation with recombination was solved to find the interstitial and vacancy concentrations as functions of dose, dose rate, and temperature. Random recombination was the assumed disordering mechanism. The transformation was assumed to occur when the free energy increase of the crystalline phase became equal to the difference in free energy between the amorphous state and the unirradiated crystal. The dose-to-amor phization predicted by the model agreed well with experimental results for reasonable values of the fitting parameters.
Download or read book Crystalline amorphous Transformation of Precipitates in Zircaloy Under Electron Irradiation written by Arthur Moses Thompson Motta and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Irradiation induced Phase Transformations in Zirconium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4°Ar and 2°9Bi ion irradiations of Zr3Fe were performed at 35--725 K using 15-1500 keV ions. Results are presented on role of deposited-energy density on nature of the damaged regions in individual cascades produced by ion bombardment of Zr3Fe. Comparison is also made between irradiation-induced amorphization of Zr3Fe during electron irradiation and under ion bombardments. Dependence of damage production on incident electron energy in Zr3Fe was also determined. Preliminary results are also discussed for amorphization of ZrFe2, Zr(Cr, Fe)2 and ZrCr2 by electron irradiation. Results of a recent investigation on amorphization of Zr(Cr, Fe)2 and Zr2(Ni, Fe) precipitates in Zircaloy-4 are discussed in context of previous experimental results of neutron and electron irradiations and likely amorphization mechanisms are proposed.
Download or read book Amorphization Kinetics of Zr Cr Fe 2 Under Ion Irradiation written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin foils of Zircaloy-4 were irradiated with 350 KeV 4°Ar ions in the dual ion beam/HVEM facility at Argonne National Laboratory at 300--650 K. The irradiation-induced amorphization of the intermetallic precipitates Zr (Cr; Fe)2 and Zr2 (Ni, Fe) was studied in-situ. For Zr (Cr, Fe)2 precipitates the dose-to-amorphization was found to increase exponentially with temperature, with a critical temperature of about 650 K. The amorphization morphology was shown to be homogeneous, with no preferential site for nucleation, in contrast to neutron-irradiation amorphization which started at the precipitate-matrix interface. For Zr2 (Ni, Fe) precipitates it was found that amorphization occurred at 550 and 600 K, whereas in neutron irradiation no amorphization has been observed at those temperatures. The results are discussed in context of previous neutron and electron irradiations and likely amorphization mechanisms are proposed.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by N. H. Packan and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1990 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Effects of Radiation on Materials: Fourteenth International Symposium was presented at Andover, MA, June 1988. The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee E-10 on Nuclear Technology and Applications. The papers from the first three days of the symposium appear in the two volumes of this publication. Volume I encompasses radiation damage- induced microstructures; point defect, solute, and gas atom effects; atomic-level measurement techniques; and applications of theory. Volume II includes mechanical behavior, all papers dealing with pressure-vessel steels, breeder reactor components, dosimetry, and nuclear fuels. The fourth day of the symposium was devoted to the single topic of reduced-activation materials (see TK9204). The two volumes are separately sold at $127 and $128 respectively; each is independently indexed. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book Amorphization Kinetics of Zr Cr Fe sub 2 Under Ion Irradiation written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin foils of Zircaloy-4 were irradiated with 350 KeV [sup 40]Ar ions in the dual ion beam/HVEM facility at Argonne National Laboratory at 300--650 K. The irradiation-induced amorphization of the intermetallic precipitates Zr (Cr; Fe)[sub 2] and Zr[sub 2] (Ni, Fe) was studied in-situ. For Zr (Cr, Fe)[sub 2] precipitates the dose-to-amorphization was found to increase exponentially with temperature, with a critical temperature of about 650 K. The amorphization morphology was shown to be homogeneous, with no preferential site for nucleation, in contrast to neutron-irradiation amorphization which started at the precipitate-matrix interface. For Zr[sub 2] (Ni, Fe) precipitates it was found that amorphization occurred at 550 and 600 K, whereas in neutron irradiation no amorphization has been observed at those temperatures. The results are discussed in context of previous neutron and electron irradiations and likely amorphization mechanisms are proposed.
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Craig M. Eucken and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1991 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on [title], held in Kobe, Japan, November 1990, address current trends in the development, performance, and fabrication of zirconium alloys for nuclear power reactors. the bulk of the most recent work on zirconium alloy behavior has concerned corr
Download or read book Oxidation and the Testing of Turbine Oils written by Cyril A. Migdal and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2008 with total page 929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents papers from a December 2005 symposium held in Norfolk, Virginia, and sponsored by ASTM Committee D2 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and its Subcommittees D02.09 on Oxidation and D02.C0 on Turbine Oils. Contributors include equipment manufacturers, end users, lubricant producers, lubricant additive suppliers, test equipment manufacturers, and standard test method developers. They share information on industry trends, evolving technologies, and changing equipment designs and operating conditions, with a focus on how these factors impact oxidation. Some topics covered include turbine oil performance limits, a new form of the rotating pressure vessel oxidation test, and degradation mechanisms leading to sludge and varnish in modern turbine oil formulations. B&w photos are included. There is no subject index. Migdal is affiliated with Chemtura Corporation.
Download or read book ASTM Special Technical Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Amorphization of Precipitates in Zircaloy Under Neutron and Charged Particle Irradiation written by AT. Motta and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The crystalline-amorphous transformation of the intermetallic precipitates Zr(Cr,Fe)2 and Zr2(Ni,Fe) in Zircaloy under charged-particle and neutron irradiation is studied.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phase Transformations written by Srikumar Banerjee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-05-31 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terms phase transitions and phase transformations are often used in an interchangeable manner in the metallurgical literature. In Phase Transformations, transformations driven by pressure changes, radiation and deformation and those occurring in nanoscale multilayers are brought to the fore. Order-disorder transformations, many of which constitute very good examples of continuous transformations, are dealt with in a comprehensive manner. Almost all types of phase transformations and reactions that are commonly encountered in inorganic materials are covered and the underlying thermodynamic, kinetic and crystallographic aspects elucidated. - Shows readers the advancements in the field - due to enhanced computing power and superior experimental capability - Drawing upon the background and the research experience of the authors, bringing together a wealth of experience - Written essentially from a physical metallurgists view point
Download or read book Effect of Ion Irradiation on Microstructure and Hardness in Zircaloy 4 written by XT. Zu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In studies of radiation effects on materials for reactor applications, it is desirable to identify irradiation methods that induce microstructural effects similar to those of neutrons, but at reduced time and expense. In the present study, 2 MeV protons were used to introduce up to seven displacements per atom in Zircaloy 4 at 350°C. The effect on the intermetallic precipitates, the formation of dislocation loops and hardness were investigated by analytical and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the precipitate evolution during 600 keV Ne ion irradiation at 350°C was monitored by in situ TEM. The results are compared with literature data for neutron-irradiated Zircaloy. While Ne irradiation leads to precipitate amorphization, no amorphization or chemical redistribution is observed in the proton irradiated sample. The dislocation-loop size and density in the Zr matrix of the proton-irradiated alloy are similar to those in the neutron-irradiated alloys.
Download or read book 101 Hunderteins Fragen und Antworten ber Republik China written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ordering and Disordering in Alloys written by A.R. Yavari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the European Workshop on Ordering and Disordering held in Grenoble, France, 10-12 July 1991.
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Gerry D. Moan and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 891 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The 41 papers of this proceedings volume were first presented at the 13th symposium on Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry held in Annecy, France in June of 2001. Many of the papers are devoted to material related issues, corrosion and hydriding behavior, in-reactor studies, and the behavior and properties of Zr alloys used in storing spent fuel. Some papers report on studies of second phase particles, irradiation creep and growth, and material performance during loss of coolant and reactivity initiated accidents. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by George P. Sabol and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 907 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
