Download or read book Electrokinetically driven Micofluidic Devices for DNA Extraction and Analysis written by Roberto Venditti and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on electrokinetically-driven microfluidic devices for DNA analysis. These are designed, optimized via numerical simulation, and experimentally tested. Processes considered include solid phase extraction (SPE) of DNA, and DNA hybridization for the detection of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic mutations. Also included is an experimental analysis of the influence of temperature on the zeta potential parameter (and microchannel flow velocity). The SPE device was successful with input samples of pre-purified lambda-DNA and whole HeLa cancer cells, with a 68% maximum efficiency. The DNA hybridization device was capable of detecting the SNP associated with the childhood disease, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, using both pre-purified and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified DNA. Zeta potential experiments concluded that many buffers commonly-used in microfluidic applications experience a strong dependence on temperature, contrary to common treatment of this variable. Failure to compensate for this can result in underestimation of in-channel flow velocity as high as 30%.
Download or read book Integrated DNA Extraction and Amplification on a Microfluidic Device written by Kirsty Jane Shaw and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An evaluation of DNA extraction and amplification performed in microfluidic systems was carried out, with the aim of integrating the two processes in a single microfluidic device. This integrated device will then be incorporated upstream of capillary gel electrophoresis and fluorescence-based detection for development of a completely integrated genetic analysis system. DNA extraction was performed using a silica substrate with both hydrodynamic and electro-osmotic pumping (EOP), resulting in maximum DNA extraction efficiencies of 82% and 52% respectively under optimised conditions. While the DNA extraction efficiency was lower using EOP, this method eliminates the need for external pumps and ensures easier mechanical connection to the microfluidic device. The use of thermally activated silica monoliths as the solid-phase resulted in superior DNA extraction efficiencies compared to when photo-initiated monoliths and silica beads were used. DNA amplification of up to nine forensically relevant loci was successfully achieved on the microfluidic device in volumes as low as 1.1 microlitres using Peltier heating. A combination of silanisation and dynamic passivation was required to prevent PCR inhibition resulting from DNA polymerase adsorption. A custom-built microwave heating system was also evaluated, which was capable of heating and cooling rates of 65°C/second and 58°C/second, respectively. EOP was used in the generation of an integrated microfluidic device, for DNA extraction and amplification. The silica monolith used as the solid-phase for DNA extraction also acted as a pump for electrokinetic movement. All necessary reagents for carrying out both DNA extraction and amplification were encapsulated in agarose gel and pre-loaded onto the microfluidic device creating a self-contained, ready-to-use system. Following addition of the biological sample to the microfluidic device, all electrokinetic movement and thermal cycling was controlled using a custom-built operating system.
Download or read book Sample Extraction and Processing in Microfluidic DNA Analysis Devices written by Rongsheng Lin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Numerical Simulation for Microfluidic Devices and the Development of an Electrokinetically Controlled DNA Hybridization Chip microform written by David Carl Erickson and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microfluidics may well be to the first half of the 21st century what microelectronics was to the latter half of the 20th century. The development of the integrated circuit allowed electrical devices to shrink from room-sized to pocket-sized, all the time increasing in speed and penetrating into nearly every aspect of our lives. Similarly, it is hoped that many of the large, expensive chemical and biological analyses currently being performed can be replaced by integrated microfluidic devices, often called labs-on-chip, resulting in a similar revolution. The scope of this thesis is best broken down into two parts. The first part will concentrate on the development of a theoretical and numerical framework for conducting microscale fluidic, thermal and biological simulation for electrokinetic processes and lab-on-chip devices. The analytical techniques and BLOCS (B & barbelow;io-L & barbelow;ab-O & barbelow;n-a-C & barbelow;hip S & barbelow;imulation) numerical code developed as part of this effort are demonstrated through a series of examples ranging from enhanced species mixing to joule heating in polymeric microchips to DNA hybridization kinetics. The second part of the thesis concerns a microfluidics based and electrokinetically operated DNA hybridization chip. The chip development is detailed from the construction of a microfluidics/biochip test bench for chip operation, transport/thermal visualization and on-line hybridization detection, to the development of a rapid prototyping microfabrication facility through to the actual design, construction and operation of the device. The electrokinetic control of the chip and microfluidic implementation is shown to enable nanolitre scale samples to be dispensed to the hybridization array and allow for simultaneous hybridization, removal of non-specific adsorption and perform quantitative analysis all in less than 5 minutes.
Download or read book Development of Microfluidic Modules for DNA Purification Via Phenol Extraction and Analyte Concentration Using Transverse Electrokinetics written by Mercedes C. Morales and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, microfluidic platforms have been designed and evaluated to demonstrate microscale DNA purification via organic (phenol) extraction as well as analyte trapping and concentration using a transverse electrokinetic force balance. First, in order to evaluate DNA purification via phenol extraction in a microdevice, an aqueous phase containing protein and DNA and an immiscible receiving organic phase were utilized to evaluate microfluidic DNA extraction under both stratified and droplet-based flow conditions using a serpentine microfluidic device. The droplet based flow resulted in a significant improvement of protein partitioning from the aqueous phase due to the flow recirculation inside each droplet improving material convective transport into the organic phase. The plasmid recovery from bacterial lysates using droplet-based flow was high (>92%) and comparable to the recovery achieved using commercial DNA purification kits and standard macroscale phenol extraction. Second, a converging Y-inlet microfluidic channel with integrated coplanar electrodes was used to investigate transverse DNA and protein migration under uniform direct current (DC) electric fields. Negatively charged samples diluted in low and high ionic strength buffers were co-infused with a receiving buffer of the same ionic strength into a main channel where transverse electric fields were applied. Experimental results demonstrated that charged analytes could traverse the channel width and accumulate at the positive bias electrode in a low electroosmotic mobility and high electrophoretic mobility condition (high ionic strength buffer) or migrated towards an equilibrium position within the channel when both electroosmotic mobility and electrophoretic mobility are high (low ionic strength buffer). The different behaviors are the result of a balance between the electrophoretic force and a drag force induced by a recirculating electroosmotic flow generated across the channel width due to the bounding walls. The miniaturization of DNA phenol extraction and the novel electrokinetic trapping techniques presented in this research are the initial steps towards an efficient DNA sample preparation chip which could be integrated with post-extraction DNA manipulations for genomic analysis modules such as capillary electrophoretic separations.
Download or read book Lab on a Chip Devices and Micro Total Analysis Systems written by Jaime Castillo-León and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers all the steps in order to fabricate a lab-on-a-chip device starting from the idea, the design, simulation, fabrication and final evaluation. Additionally, it includes basic theory on microfluidics essential to understand how fluids behave at such reduced scale. Examples of successful histories of lab-on-a-chip systems that made an impact in fields like biomedicine and life sciences are also provided. This book also: · Provides readers with a unique approach and toolset for lab-on-a-chip development in terms of materials, fabrication techniques, and components · Discusses novel materials and techniques, such as paper-based devices and synthesis of chemical compounds on-chip · Covers the four key aspects of development: basic theory, design, fabrication, and testing · Provides readers with a comprehensive list of the most important journals, blogs, forums, and conferences where microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip news, methods, techniques and challenges are presented and discussed, as well as a list of companies providing design and simulation support, components, and/or developing lab-on-a-chip and microfluidic devices.
Download or read book Electrokinetically Driven Microfluidics and Nanofluidics written by Hsueh-Chia Chang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-09 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrokinetics is currently the mechanism of choice for fluid actuation and bioparticle manipulation at microscale and nanoscale dimensions. There has recently been widespread interest in the use of AC electric fields, given the many advantages it offers over DC electrokinetics. Nevertheless, a fundamental understanding of the governing mechanisms underlying the complex and nonlinear physicochemical hydrodynamics associated with these systems is required before practical microfluidic and nanofluidic devices can be engineered. This text aims to provide a comprehensive treatise on both classical equilibrium electrokinetic phenomena as well as the more recent non-equilibrium phenomena associated with both DC and AC electrokinetics in the context of their application to the design of microfluidic and nanofluidic technology. In particular, Leslie Yeo and Hsueh-Chia Chang discuss the linear and nonlinear theories underlying electroosmosis, electrophoresis, and dielectrophoresis pertaining to electrolytes as well as dielectric systems. Interfacial electrokinetic phenomena such as electrospraying, electrospinning, and electrowetting are also discussed.
Download or read book Microfluidic Chip Capillary Electrophoresis Devices written by Ying Sing Fung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-08-18 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microfluidic chip (MC) devices are relatively mature technologies, but this book demonstrates how they can be integrated into a single, revolutionary device that can provide on-site analysis of samples when laboratory services are unavailable. By introducing the combination of CE and MC technology, Microfluidic Ch
Download or read book Field Driven Microfluidic Actuators for Micro Total Analysis Systems written by Asuncion Vasquez Lemoff and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microfluidic Lab on a Chip for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Discovery written by Paul C.H. Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microfluidic lab-on-a-chip allows scientists to conduct chemical and biochemical analysis in a miniaturized format so small that properties and effects are successfully enhanced, and processes seamlessly integrated. This microscale advantage translates into greater sensitivity, more accurate results, and better information. Microfluidic
Download or read book Microfluidic Technologies for Miniaturized Analysis Systems written by Steffen Hardt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-29 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses Lab-on-a-Chip devices. It focuses on microfluidic technologies that have emerged in the past decade. Coverage presents a comprehensive listing of the most promising microfluidic technologies in the Lab-on-a-Chip field. It also details technologies that can be viewed as toolboxes needed to set up complex Lab-on-a-Chip systems.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics written by Dongqing Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-06 with total page 2242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering all aspects of transport phenomena on the nano- and micro-scale, this encyclopedia features over 750 entries in three alphabetically-arranged volumes including the most up-to-date research, insights, and applied techniques across all areas. Coverage includes electrical double-layers, optofluidics, DNC lab-on-a-chip, nanosensors, and more.
Download or read book On chip Pretreatment of Whole Blood by Using MEMS Technology written by Xing Chen and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microfabrication technology has stimulated a plurality of lab-on-a-chip research and development efforts aimed at enabling biomedical researchers and health care practitioners to manipulate and analyze complex biological fluids at the nano and microliter
Download or read book Polymeric Microfluidic Devices for DNA Analysis written by Yi Sun and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biochemical Reactions in Integrated Microfluidic DNA Analysis Devices written by Ming Yang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 3rd Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2006 written by F. Ibrahim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-28 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (BioMed 2006) was held in December 2006 at the Palace of the Golden Horses, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The papers presented at BioMed 2006, and published here, cover such topics as Artificial Intelligence, Biological effects of non-ionising electromagnetic fields, Biomaterials, Biomechanics, Biomedical Sensors, Biomedical Signal Analysis, Biotechnology, Clinical Engineering, Human performance engineering, Imaging, Medical Informatics, Medical Instruments and Devices, and many more.
Download or read book Molecular Diagnostics written by George P. Patrinos and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Diagnostics, Third Edition, focuses on the technologies and applications that professionals need to work in, develop, and manage a clinical diagnostic laboratory. Each chapter contains an expert introduction to each subject that is next to technical details and many applications for molecular genetic testing that can be found in comprehensive reference lists at the end of each chapter. Contents are divided into three parts, technologies, application of those technologies, and related issues. The first part is dedicated to the battery of the most widely used molecular pathology techniques. New chapters have been added, including the various new technologies involved in next-generation sequencing (mutation detection, gene expression, etc.), mass spectrometry, and protein-specific methodologies. All revised chapters have been completely updated, to include not only technology innovations, but also novel diagnostic applications. As with previous editions, each of the chapters in this section includes a brief description of the technique followed by examples from the area of expertise from the selected contributor. The second part of the book attempts to integrate previously analyzed technologies into the different aspects of molecular diagnostics, such as identification of genetically modified organisms, stem cells, pharmacogenomics, modern forensic science, molecular microbiology, and genetic diagnosis. Part three focuses on various everyday issues in a diagnostic laboratory, from genetic counseling and related ethical and psychological issues, to safety and quality management. - Presents a comprehensive account of all new technologies and applications used in clinical diagnostic laboratories - Explores a wide range of molecular-based tests that are available to assess DNA variation and changes in gene expression - Offers clear translational presentations by the top molecular pathologists, clinical chemists, and molecular geneticists in the field
