Download or read book Electricity Generation from Natural Gas Cost Analysis Electricity E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Electricity generation from natural gas. The process examined is a conventional natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) without carbon capture and sequestration. In this process F-class combustion turbines (CT) are employed to Electricity generation. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 8408003, issued to General Electric Company in 2013 Keywords: Conventional Natural Gas Combined Cycle, NGCC, Natural Gas Fired Power Plant, Heat Recovery Steam Generators, HRSG

Download or read book Ammonia Production from Natural Gas Cost Analysis Ammonia E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Ammonia production from natural gas The process examined is similar to KBR Purifier process. In this process, syngas is initially produced from natural gas using a process that combines steam and autothermal reforming. Air is fed to the autothermal furnace to provide oxygen to the autothermal reform and nitrogen required in the ammonia synthesis loop. After several purifications steps a stream containing nitrogen and hydrogen is fed to the ammonia synthesis loop to be converted into ammonia. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Ammonia", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition (2) "Introduction to Ammonia Production", CEP Magazine, September 2016 Keywords: Haber-Bosch, Haldor Topsoe, Uhde GmbH, Ammonia Casale and KBR

Download or read book Acetylene Production from Coal Cost Analysis Acetylene E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Acetylene production from coal via a typical calcium carbide process. In this process calcium oxide (lime) is reduced by carbon in a electric furnace, generating calcium carbide. This intermediate is then hydrolyzed to produce Acetylene and calcium hydroxide. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Coke, Carbon, Electric Furnace

Download or read book HDPE Production via Gas Phase Process Cost Analysis HDPE E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) bimodal production from polymer grade (PG) ethylene and 1-hexene using a gas-phase process. The process examined is similar to LyondellBasell Spherilene process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) LyondellBasell, "Licensed Polyolefin Technologies and Services - Spherilene" (2) "Polyethylene," Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2011 Keywords: Ethene, Bimodal, Fluidized Bed

Download or read book Ethylene Production via Cracking of Ethane Propane Cost Analysis Ethylene E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of polymer grade (PG) Ethylene production starting from an ethane/propane mixture at a volume ratio of 4:1. A typical steam cracking process with front-end demethanization is employed. In this process, a mix of 80 vol% ethane and 20 vol% propane is thermally cracked in pyrolysis furnaces. In addition to polymer grade Ethylene, the process also generates polymer grade propylene and hydrogen-rich gas. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Ethylene", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Ethene, Propene, Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis, Cracking Furnace, Lummus, KBR, Technip, Linde, S&W

Download or read book Carbon Fiber Production from Pitch Cost Analysis Carbon Fiber E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Carbon Fiber production from pitch. The process starts with a preparation step that converts the pitch into mesophase pitch. The mesophase pitch is then stabilized and passes through carbonization, graphitization, surface treatment and sizing, before being wound. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Fibers, 5. Synthetic Inorganic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) US Patent 4999099, issued to Conoco in 2011 (3) Chung, D.D.L., Carbon Fiber Composites, 1994 Keywords: Carbon Fiber, Petroleum Pitch, Coal Tar Pitch, Mesophase Pitch

Download or read book Hydrogen via Light Naphtha Reforming Cost Analysis Hydrogen E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Hydrogen production from light naphtha. The process examined is a typical steam reforming process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Hydrogen", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition Keywords: H2, Water-gas Shifting, Reformer

Download or read book Acrylic Acid Production from Glycerol Cost Analysis Acrylic Acid E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from crude glycerol. The two-step process examined is similar to Arkema process. In this process, crude glycerol (at 85 wt% purity) obtained as by-product of biodiesel plants, is used as the main raw material. After purification, glycerol is dehydrated to acrolein and subsequently oxidized. The final product obtained is EAA, which is used in the production of acrylic esters. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 2010/0168471 A1, issued to Arkema in 2010 Keywords: Glicerin, Dehydration, Oxidation, Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid, Propenoic Acid

Download or read book Butyl Acrylate Production from Propylene and Butanol Cost Analysis Butyl Acrylate E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of n-Butyl Acrylate production from chemical grade propylene and n-butanol The process examined is a typical propylene oxidation, followed by a typical esterification process. In this process, propylene passes through a two-stage vapor phase oxidation to generate an acrylic acid-containing gas, from which acrylic acid is recovered via absorption in water. The aqueous acrylic acid solution is purified via light solvent extraction to ester-grade acrylic acid to be combined with n-butanol in a esterification reactor to generate crude a crude ester stream that is furhter purified to generate high-purity butyl acrylate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Acrylic Acid", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) "Acrylic Acid and Derivatives", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition Keywords: Propene, Air Oxidation, Propenoic Acid, Nippon Shokubai, Rohm & Haas, Dow, Esterification, Nippon Shokubai, Mitsubishi, BASF

Download or read book Propylene Production from Ethylene Cost Analysis Propylene E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from ethylene using two integrated processes: dimerization and metathesis The processes examined are similar to CB&I Lummus technologies: Ethylene Dimerization Technology and Olefins Conversion Technology (OCT). In these processes, ethylene is first dimerized into butenes, and then, Propylene is produced through a metathesis reaction of 2-butene and ethylene. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8440874, issued to Lummus Technology and BASF in 2013 (2) US Patent 4242531, issued to Phillips Petroleum Company in 1980 Keywords: PG Propylene, Olefins Dimerization, Olefins Disproportionation, Lummus OCT, Olefins Metathesis, Phillips Triolefin, Propene, Ethene, On-Purpose Propylene Production

Download or read book Sodium Polyacrylate Production Process Cost Analysis Sodium Polyacrylate E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Sodium Polyacrylate production from glacial acrylic acid and sodium hydroxide. In this process, acrylic acid is partially neutralized by sodium hydroxide, yielding a solution of sodium acrylate monomers, which is subsequently polymerized to Sodium Polyacrylate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 6727345, issued to Nippon Shokubai in 2004 (2) US Patent 8742026, issued to BASF in 2014 Keywords: Superabsorbent Polymer, SAP, NaOH, Slush Powder, Saponification

Download or read book Titanium Dioxide Production Process Cost Analysis Titanium Dioxide E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Titanium Dioxide production from ilmenite. In this process, ilmenite is digested with sulfuric acid forming titanyl sulfate, which is converted to titanium hydroxide. Then, titanium hydroxide is calcinated to Titanium Dioxide. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Pigments, Inorganic, 2. White Pigments", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Sulfate, Digestion, Hydrolysis, Calcination

Download or read book Impact Polypropylene via Gas Process Cost Analysis PP E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Polypropylene (PP) impact copolymer production from polymer grade (PG) propylene and ethylene using a gas phase polymerization process. The process examined is similar to LyondellBasell Spherizone process. This process is based on the polymerization of PG propylene and ethylene in a multi-zone circulating reactor. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: PG Propylene, Propene, Ethene, MZCR, Gas-Phase Reactor, Bimodal

Download or read book Ethylene Glycol Production from Carbon Dioxide Cost Analysis MEG E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Monoethylene Glycol (MEG) production from carbon dioxide (CO2) using an electrochemical process. The process examined is similar to Liquid Light process. In this process, CO2 is electrochemically converted to oxalic acid, which is then hydrogenated to MEG. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patents 20140221684 and 20140206895, both issued to Liquid Light in 2014 Keywords: Ethylene Glycol, Fiber Grade, Hydrogen Bromide, Bromine, 1,2-Ethanediol

Download or read book Reformate Production from Naphtha Cost Analysis Reformate E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Aromatic Reformate production from naphtha using a semi-regeneration process. The process examined is similar to UOP RZ Platforming process. In this process, hydrogen is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): "Aromatics", Encyclopedia of Hydrocarbons, Volume II, 2006 Keywords: Fixed Bed, Reformer, Benzene, Toluene, Aromatics, Reforming Process

Download or read book Butyraldehyde Production from Propylene and Syngas Cost Analysis Butyraldehyde E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of n-Butyraldehyde production from propylene and syngas. The process examined is similar to the LP OXO technology jointly developed by JM Davy and Union Carbide, employing Selector 10 catalyst. In this process, the production ratio of n- to iso-butyraldehyde in the oxo reaction is about 10. The n-Butyraldehyde is separated as the final product and the isobutyraldehyde is obtained as a by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Oxo Synthesis, Butanal, Synthesis Gas, H2, CO, Hydrogen, Carbon Monoxide, Johnson Matthey, Dow, LP Oxo, SELECTOR

Download or read book Butanol Production from Propylene and Syngas Cost Analysis Butanol E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of n-Butanol production from propylene and syngas. The process examined is similar to the LP OXO technology jointly licensed by JM Davy and Dow, employing Selector 30 catalyst. In this process, the production ratio of n- to iso-butyraldehyde in the oxo reaction is about 30. The isobutyraldehyde is separated as a by-product and the n-butyraldehyde is hydrogenated to form n-Butanol as the final product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Oxo Alcohol, Butyl Alcohol, n-Butanol, Johnson Matthey, Dow, LP Oxo, SELECTOR