Download or read book EForth Overview written by C. H. Ting and published by . This book was released on 2018-10-19 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before diving directly into eForth, I would like to discuss the general principles of Forth language. The language consists of a collection of words, which reside in the memory of a computer and can be executed by entering their names on the computer keyboard. A list of words can be compiled, given a new name and made a new word. In fact, most words in Forth are defined as lists of existing words. A small set of primitive words are defined in machine code of the native CPU. All other words are built from this primitive words and eventually refer to them when executed.

Download or read book Zen and the Forth Language written by Chen-Hanson Ting and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forth was invented by Chuck Moore in the 1960s as a programming language. Chuck was not impressed by programming languages, operating systems, and computer hardware of that time. He sought the simplest and most efficient way to control his computers. He used Forth to program every computer in his sight. And then, he found that he could design better computers in transistors and gates, because Forth is much more than just a programming language; it is also an excellent computer architecture.

Download or read book Starting FORTH written by Leo Brodie and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1987 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software -- Programming Languages.

Download or read book Sketching User Experiences Getting the Design Right and the Right Design written by Bill Buxton and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sketching User Experiences approaches design and design thinking as something distinct that needs to be better understood—by both designers and the people with whom they need to work— in order to achieve success with new products and systems. So while the focus is on design, the approach is holistic. Hence, the book speaks to designers, usability specialists, the HCI community, product managers, and business executives. There is an emphasis on balancing the back-end concern with usability and engineering excellence (getting the design right) with an up-front investment in sketching and ideation (getting the right design). Overall, the objective is to build the notion of informed design: molding emerging technology into a form that serves our society and reflects its values. Grounded in both practice and scientific research, Bill Buxton's engaging work aims to spark the imagination while encouraging the use of new techniques, breathing new life into user experience design. - Covers sketching and early prototyping design methods suitable for dynamic product capabilities: cell phones that communicate with each other and other embedded systems, "smart" appliances, and things you only imagine in your dreams - Thorough coverage of the design sketching method which helps easily build experience prototypes—without the effort of engineering prototypes which are difficult to abandon - Reaches out to a range of designers, including user interface designers, industrial designers, software engineers, usability engineers, product managers, and others - Full of case studies, examples, exercises, and projects, and access to video clips that demonstrate the principles and methods

Download or read book Arduino and EForth written by Chen-Hanson Ting and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All these years, I have been looking for microcontroller platforms on which I can teach people how to program in the FORTH language. I designed a training course I called Firmware Engineering Workshop. I could train an open minded engineer to program in FORTH in about a week, with a reasonable capable platform, i.e., a microcontroller evaluation board with a FORTH operating system loaded. Good platforms are expansive, and low-cost platforms are inadequate. What I did was to grab any microcontroller board at hand and used it. It did not work well because what I taught could not be easily replicated by people at home. People got frustrated when they could not reproduce results I demonstrated. Then, I found the Arduino Uno Board. The microcontroller evaluation board I need must have a microcontroller with reasonable capabilities. An 8-bit microcontroller with a fast clock is adequate. 16-bit of 32-bit microcontrollers are of course much better. The board must have at least 8 KB of ROM memory and 1 KB of RAM memory. It must also have a USART port to communicate with a terminal emulator on a host PC. Any other I/O devices will be icings on the cake. The more the better. Arduino Uno has all of the components I listed above. It is also inexpensive, costing only $29. It uses ATmega328P, a very interesting microcontroller which has 32 KB of flash memory, enough to host a FORTH operating system, 2 KB of RAM and many I/O devices to build substantial applications. Arduino Uno also has a USB port which connects to a PC and an USART device in ATmega328P. This serial interface is necessary for a FORTH system so that you can run and program ATmega328P interactively from a terminal emulator on the PC - as the complete Forth is on the chip. Arduino Uno is a lovely machine. You connect it through a USB cable to your PC, and you can program it to do many interesting things. Its microcontroller ATmega328P, running at 16 MHz, is very capable of running many interesting applications. The template of a sketch, which is the software in Arduino 0022, captures the essence of firmware programming in casting user applications in two statements: setup() and loop(). It eliminates all the syntactic statements required by a normal C program and exposes to you only the core of an application. However, Arduino software insulates you from the intricate nature of ATmega328P microcontroller, its instruction set, and its I/O devices. Instead, you are given a library of useful routines which are used to build applications. The insulation initially helps you to program the microcontroller in a C-like high level programming language. However, being an 8 bit microcontroller, ATmega328P in C language will run out of gas when application demands performance. At this point, you will have to get down to the bare metal to push ATmega328P to its limit. Then, you have to learn its instruction set and all its I/O devices, and perhaps program it in assembly language. The best alternative approach is to program ATmega328P in the FORTH language. FORTH exposes ATmega328P to you. You can interactively examine its RAM memory, its flash memory, and all the I/O devices surrounding the CPU. You can incrementally add small pieces of code, and test them exhaustively. An interactive programming and debugging environment greatly accelerates program development, and ensures the quality of the program. Since 1990, I have been promoting a simple FORTH language model called eForth. This model consists of a kernel of 30 primitive FORTH commands which have to be implemented in machine instructions of a host microcontroller, and 190 compound FORTH commands constructed from the primitive commands and other compound commands. By isolating machine dependent commands from machine independent commands, the eForth model can be easily ported to many different microcontrollers. This model is ported to ATmega328P, and the result is the 328eForth system.

Download or read book EForth as Arduino Sketch written by Chen-Hanson Ting and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: eForth as an Arduino Sketch Last year I decided to retire from electronics and microcontrollers. So I cleaned out my study and my garage, gave away all my tools and spare parts. I realized that I should not be a hardware engineer. I am only a programmer, and should just work on software. Then, when I visited my brother in Denver last summer, I saw that my niece was working on a couple of Arduino Boards. On an Arduino board, there was a microcontroller in a DIP socket! That was very interesting. When I came back, I bought a couple of Arduino Uno Boards, and have been working on them since. I had to buy back tools and many electronic parts and ate my vow to stay away from hardware. Arduino Uno is a lovely, small, cheap, and readily accessible microcontroller board. The operating system and the programming environment Arduino 0022 is a good match to the Arduino Uno Board. Through a single USB cable, you can upload programs from a PC to Arduino Uno, and then communicate with the Uno through the same cable using RS232 protocol. You write programs in C language as sketches in Arduino 0022, and the sketches are compiled and then uploaded to the ATmega328P microcontroller on Arduino Uno for execution. Sketches are C programs greatly simplified to the point that you just have to fill lines of code in the two following routines: setup() loop() All intricacies and complications in the C language and its associated compiler and linker are taken care of by the Arduino 0022 system. No wonder Arduino is such a huge success. FORTH is a programming language much better suited for microcontrollers than C. FORTH is really a programming language with a built-in operating system. It has an interpreter and a compiler so that you can write programs in small modules and interactively test and debug them. You can build large applications quickly and debug them thoroughly. FORTH also gives you access to all the hardware components in the microcontroller and all of the IO devices connected to the microcontroller. So, I ported a very simple FORTH model, 328eForth, over to the ATmega328P microcontroller. It was written in AVR assembly language, and had to be assembled in the AVR Studio 4 IDE from Atmel Corp, and then uploaded to ATmega328P through a separated AVRISP mkll programming cable. Once 328eForth is uploaded to ATmega328P, it can communicate with the PC through the Arduino USB cable. BUT, 328eForth cannot be uploaded through the USB cable, because Arduino 0022 requires a bootloader pre-loaded in the ATmega328P to upload sketches, and 328eForth must use the bootloader section of flash memory in ATmega328P to store commands which writes new code into the application section of the flash memory at run-time. For the serious FORTH programmer, a 328eForth system gives you the ultimate control over the ATmega328P microcontroller. For the much larger Arduino user community, we need a FORTH implementation which is compatible with the Arduino 0022 system. Here is my solution: ceForth_328. It is written in C as a sketch. It can be compiled and uploaded by Arduino 0022. Once it is uploaded to the Atmega328P microcontroller, it communicates with the PC through the Arduino USB cable. However, new FORTH commands are compiled only into the RAM memory in ATmega328P. You have only about 1.5 KB of RAM memory to store new commands, and when you turn off Arduino Uno, these new commands are lost. In spite of these limitations, ceForth_328 is still a very useful system. You can learn FORTH and use if to evaluate Arduino Uno for various applications. You can also use it to learn about the ATmega328P microcontroller, because it allows you to read and to write all the IO registers. Find the sketch and soon more at https: //wiki.forth-ev.de/doku.php/projects:430eforth: start#arduino_uno_und_arduino_nano

Download or read book Scientific FORTH written by Julian V. Noble and published by Annabooks. This book was released on 1992 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No publisher description provided for this product.

Download or read book EP32 RISC Processor IP written by Dr Chen-Hanson Ting and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-05 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 32 Bit RISC Processor in VHDL. VHDL Code Package ordered separately includes Simulator.It seems to be impossible, but you can design your own 32 processor system. Here with the help of the free to download Lattice Diamond Software just needed to program the FPGA.The image ( available soon ) includes the synthesized VHDL and the eForth and is programmed into the FPGA, start your favorite Terminal program and reset the Brevia board - writing code can start. More details to be found at https: //wiki.forth-ev.de/doku.php/projects: ep32: startNo additional hardware needed to get started, communication and Power Supply via the same USB cable. From the book: The eP32 microprocessor is a Minimal Instruction Set Computer (MISC), vis-à-vis Complicated Instruction Set Computer (CISC) and Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC). MISC was originally developed by Mr. Chuck Moore, and implemented in his MuP21 chip. It happened that Chuck also invented the FORTH programming language. For many years, Chuck sought to put FORTH into silicon, because he thought FORTH was not only a programming language, but also an excellent computer architecture.In the early 1990s, a group of engineers from the MOSIS multiple design chip service program came to Silicon Valley and started Orbit Semiconductor Corp, offering foundry services to the general public. Their service was based on a 1.2 micron CMOS processes on 5 inch wafer, with two metal layers. The smallest design they accepted was on a 2.4mmx2.4mm silicon die. Chuck figured that he could design a 20 bit CPU in that small area. It was named MuP21, because it was a multiprocessor chip, with a 20 bit CPU core, a DRAM memory coprocessor, and a video coprocessor, and all registers and stacks in the CPU core were 21 bits wide, with an extra bit to preserve the carry bit.Because of very limited silicon area, the MuP21 had a very small set of instructions, but they were sufficient to support a complete FORTH operating system and very demanding applications with real time NTSC video output. The chip was produced and verified, but productions in plastic packages were not successful because of poor yield.When FPGA chips became available, I tried to implement FORTH chips based on MuP21 instruction set. The first experiments were on an XS40 Kit from Xess Corp. It had a Xilinx VC4005XL FPGA on board with a 32 kB SRAM chip and an 8051 microcontroller. The purpose of this kit was to demonstrate how easy it was to use an FPGA to replace all glue logic between RAM and 8051, and to build a complete working microprocessor system. I managed to squeeze a 16-bit microprocessor, P16, into the VC4000XL chip and eliminated the 8051.Over the years, Xilinx added more logic gates and RAM blocks to their FPGAs, and I was able to put a 32-bit microprocessor, P32, into a VCX1000E chip (which had 16 kB of RAM) to host a FORTH system. This design was also ported to FPGA chips from Altera and Actel. P32 gradually evolved into eP32 with an eForth operating system. eForth is a very simple FORTH operating system designed specifically for embedded systems. However, FPGA chips were expensive, development boards were expensive, and development software tools were especially expensive. I talked about eP32 implementations, but very few people in the audience had these development tools to explore FPGA designs.It was therefore very exciting to learn about the LatticeXP2 Brevia Development Kit, which was on sale for $49. Development software was free to download. The Kit has a LatticeXP2-5E-6TN144C FPGA chip, which has enough logic cells to implement eP32, and enough RAM memory to host the eForth system. Its RAM memory is mirrored in flash memory on chip, and you do not need external memory chips for programs and data. It is truly a single chip solution for microprocessor system design.

Download or read book Threaded Interpretive Languages written by R. G. Loeliger and published by BYTE. This book was released on 1981 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forth Dimensions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rudolf Steiner s Pedagogy of Imagination written by Thomas William Nielsen and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the concept and practises of imaginative teaching. Since Rudolf Steiner (founder of the Waldorf schools) wrote extensively on the subject and is renowned for his contributions to education, his work is used to develop insights into the nature of 'imaginative teaching'. Given the societal changes since Steiner's time, however, the topic is further developed by examining imaginative teaching in three Steiner primary classrooms, using the methodological means of ethnography and phenomenology. The insights gained from this undertaking are used to re-theorise aspects of Steiner's writings about imagination and holistic education. In this study it is argued that imaginative teaching is made up of three modes of pedagogy and seven teaching methods, and that these modes and methods form a most potent means for connecting children with aesthetic, intellectual and physical development.

Download or read book Borrowed Morphology written by Francesco Gardani and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By integrating novel developments in both contact linguistics and morphological theory, this volume pursues the topic of borrowed morphology by recourse to sophisticated theoretical and methodological accounts. The authors address fundamental issues, such as the alleged universal dispreference for morphological borrowing and its effects on morphosyntactic complexity, and corroborate their analyses with strong cross-linguistic evidence.

Download or read book Implementing Functional Languages written by Simon L. Peyton Jones and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software -- Programming Languages.

Download or read book Real Time Forth written by Tim Hendtlass and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tim Hendtlass, the author of Real Time Forth, obtained a PhD in Ionospheric Physics in 1974 working at Massey University, New Zealand, and then worked at RMIT and Swinburne University of Technology, both in Melbourne, Australia where he currently resides. Discovered Forth in 1979 and used it as his primary programming language until the mid-1980's. His first AI applications were written in Forth and he earned notoriety by teaching introductory digital electronics by taking his students through the design of a stack oriented processor with Forth as its native language. This design operated successfully when realised using an FPGA and was demonstrated to the students at the end of the subject. Still uses Forth today as the problem definition language in his population based optimisation work. His current Forth engine (written in Pascal) has a data stack that can concurrently hold integers, floats, strings, arrays and matrices.The book Real Time Forth was written in 1993, and contains a vast amount of Forth code to go through and understand; and this gem has now been saved and made available as part of the Forth Bookshelf at https: //www.amazon.co.uk/Juergen-Pintaske/e/B00N8HVEZM .The book is based on F-PC, a DOS based Forth, which was very much in use at the time. Additional information from the Preamble: This book has been written to provide information about using a computer with the real world so the two may work cooperatively together. In many situations in which a computer is used, the main constraint is getting the job done, usually as quickly as possible. The exact time each part of the task takes is not of great significance and the job proceeds with timing to suit, and dictated by, the computer. Interfacing the computer with the outside world requires things to be done at precisely the times the outside world demands. Often many things (tasks) must be done, if not together, in an interleaved way so that one task is not kept waiting to start until all other tasks have fully finished. Data will need to be taken as and when available, output will need to be passed on at the times and in the form the outside world needs it. This is why there is 'Real Time' in the title. Why Forth?This book is intended for use as a teaching text, either in a formal situation or for self study. The only way to learn is to first read and then to do. This requires that a language suitable for the task be chosen. Forth is used as the language for interfacing for a number of good reasons. It is fast, especially when run on hardware designed for the language, but fast enough even when run on general purpose equipment. It is interactive, providing an environment in which immediate testing as you go clarifies the task in hand and helps catch errors early so they can be painlessly corrected. It is a rich, structured language that provides facilities useful for interfacing that are missing in many other languages.

Download or read book Book Review Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 3132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Legacies of Power written by Roger Southall and published by HSRC Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new case studies examining the post-presidential years of the iconic Nelson Mandela in South Africa, Daniel arap Moi in Kenya, Julius Nyerere in Tanzania, Jerry Rawlings in Ghana, Charles Taylor in Liberia, as well as the experiences of Botswana, Zambia, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Malawi, and Nigeria, this volume examines the dilemmas which demands for presidential transitions impose upon incumbent rulers and analyzes the evolving relationships between new regimes and their predecessors.

Download or read book Pragmatics and Prosody written by Heliana Mello and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the papers collected in this book resulted from presentations and discussions undertaken during the V Lablita Workshop that took place at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on August 23-25, 2011. The workshop was held in conjunction with the II Brazilian Seminar on Pragmatics and Prosody. The guiding themes for the joint event were illocution, modality, attitude, information patterning and speech annotation. Thus, all papers presented here are concerned with theoretical and methodological issues related to the study of speech. Among the papers in this volume, there are different theoretical orientations, which are mirrored through the methodological designs of studies pursued. However, all papers are based on the analysis of actual speech, be it from corpora or from experimental contexts trying to emulate natural speech. Prosody is the keyword that comes out from all the papers in this publication, which indicates the high standing of this category in relation to studies that are geared towards the understanding of major elements that are constitutive of the structuring of speech.