Download or read book Effects of Level Soil Bund and Ages of Bund on Teff Productivity and Soil Properties At Nejo District Oromia Region Ethiopia written by Dessalegn Etana and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Forestry / Forestry Economics, Wollega University (Wollega University Gimbi Campus, Forestry Department), language: English, abstract: Land degradation can be considered in terms of the loss of actual or potential productivity or utility as a result of natural or human factors; it is the decline in land quality or reduction in its productivity. It causes running down of soil organic matter and available water for crop growth. Consequently, implementation of soil and water conservation especially level soil bund is supposed to alleviate the impacts of soil erosion and increase agricultural land production and crop productivity. Based on that the effects of level soil bund was evaluated by conducting on-farm study during the cropping season of 2019 in Eba wakeyo kebele, Nejo District, Western Wollega of Oromia Regional State with the objective of evaluating level soil bund on teff productivity and soil properties. The study involves two factor: level soil bund (with and without) was a main plot and the ages of level soil bund was taken as the sub-plots. The treatment (T1=with bund of six year splited in to 7, T= with bund of 4 year splited in to 7, T3= with bund of 2 year splited in to 7and T4= without splited in to 7) with randomized complete block design. The data was analyzed using general linear model procedures and to separate difference between mean LSD (5%) was used. The level soil bund increased the mean value of soil moisture contents at 0-30 cm and 0-60 cm soil depth, the teff (Eragrostis tef) grain yield increased by 22.85% when compared with controlled block and the teff biomass increased by 24.32%. As the wall, it is concluded that level soil bund improves soil fertility, soil moisture status and teff (Eragrostis tef) grain yield and yield components.
Download or read book The Role of Soil and Water Conservation Practices on Soil Properties Improvement in Ethiopia written by Anteneh Asfaw and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-07-22 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: A, , course: Soil and water conservation, language: English, abstract: The review focuses on the importance of soil and water conservation practices on soil properties in Ethiopia. The study conducted in various parts of the country showed that the implemented soil bund reduced annual runoff and soil loss at different rates. Soil and water conservation have improved the soil physicochemical properties on conserved cropland (BD, SMC, infiltration rate, clay content, pH, CEC, av. K, av. P, SOC and TN) than in the adjacent cropland without soil and water conservation measures. Soil and water conservation, reduce the removal of fertile topsoil and improves soil moisture, which favors crop growth as a result grain yield of the crops were increased at various rates based on agro ecology, crop type and local management practices. In general, the effect of constructed soil and water conservation had clearly showed positive impact on soil physicochemical properties and crop yields. Therefore, to reduce soil erosion sustainably, different soil and water conservation options should be introduced and used considering agro ecology, socio-economic profile and climatic condition of the intervention area. Soil erosion is one of the several major deteriorative processes which results in soil degradation and declining agricultural productivity in Ethiopia due to dense population, high livestock density and intensive crop production in the area. Soil and water conservation practice is one the mechanism used to reduce soil and associated nutrient loss; thus, reduce the risk of production. Efforts were started through soil and water conservation strategy at a large scale on farmland since the mid-1970 and 1980’s. However, soil erosion still persists and become major threats of the Ethiopian region.
Download or read book Row planting teff in Ethiopia written by Vandercasteelen, Joachim and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved technologies are increasingly promoted to farmers in sub-Saharan-African countries to address low agricultural productivity in their staple crops. There is, however, a lack of evidence on how adoption affects farmers’ labor use and profitability at the farm level, as well as the importance gender roles play, all essential drivers for the successful up-scaling of the use of the improved technologies. This paper analyses the labor and profitability impact of the recently introduced row planting technology in teff production in Ethiopia. Based on agronomic evidence in experimental settings, the Government of Ethiopia has focused extension efforts on promoting the widespread uptake of row planting to address low teff yields, replacing the traditional broadcasting method of plant teff. Using an innovative Randomized Controlled Trial set-up, we show that the implementation of row planting at the farm level significantly increases total labor use, but not teff yields, relative to broadcast planting, resulting in a substantial drop in labor productivity when adopting row planting. Moreover, the implementation of row planting has important consequences for inter- and intra-household labor allocation, with relatively more use of non-family labor. The adoption of row planting was further found not to be profitable for farmers in the first year of the promotion campaign, seemingly explaining the limited success in up-scaling the adoption of the technology by farmers in the second year of the program.
Download or read book Impact of Soil Conservation on Crop Production in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands written by Menale Kassie, John Pender, Mahmud Yesuf, Gunnar Kohlin, Randy Bluffstone, and Elias Mulugeta and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mismatch between soil nutrient requirements and fertilizer applications Implications for yield responses in Ethiopia written by Abay, Kibrom A. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-06-28 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lack of accurate information about soil nutrient requirements coupled with limited access to appropriate fertilizers could lead to mismatch between soil nutrient requirements and fertilizer applications. Such anomalies and mismatches are likely to have important implications for agricultural productivity. In this paper we use experimental (spectral soil analysis) data from Ethiopia to examine farmers’ response to soil nutrient deficiencies and its implications for yield responses. We find that farmers’ response to macronutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) deficiencies is not always consistent with agronomic recommendations. For instance, we find that farmers in our sample are applying nitrogen fertilizers to soils lacking phosphorus, potentially due to lack of information on soil nutrient deficiencies or lack of access to appropriate fertilizers in rural markets. On the other hand, farmers respond to perceivably poor-quality soils and acidic soils by applying higher amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers per unit of land. We further show that such mismatches between fertilizer applications and soil macronutrient requirements are potentially yield-reducing. Those farmers matching their soil nutrient requirements and fertilizer application are likely to enjoy additional yield gains and the vice versa. Marginal yield responses associated with nitrogen (phosphorus) application increases with soil nitrogen (phosphorus) deficiency. Similarly, we find that farmers’ response to acidic soils is not yield-enhancing. These findings suggest that such mismatches may explain heterogeneities in marginal returns to chemical fertilizers and the observed low adoption rates of chemical fertilizers in sub-Saharan Africa. As such, these findings have important implications for improving input management practices and fertilizer diffusion strategies.
Download or read book Teff in Southern Ethiopia Effect of Seed Rates and Sowing Methods on Phenology Growth Yield and Yield Attributes at Wolaita Sodo written by Wolde Tasew and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Essay from the year 2021 in the subject Agrarian Studies, grade: 1, , course: Agriculture, language: English, abstract: Teff is a major staple cereal crop in Ethiopia. The need for its production as a staple food is increasing from year to year; however, its productivity is limited, amongst others, by the use of improper sowing methods and inappropriate seed rates. These effects were examined in this present study. Row planting and optimizing seed rate should be in place to increase the productivity of the crop. A field experiment was conducted at Wolaita Sodo Agricultural College Farm, during the 2018/19 main cropping season under rain-fed condition, with the objective of evaluating the response of teff to seeding rates and sowing methods on phenology, growth, yield components and yield of teff. Factorial combinations of two sowing methods (Row and broadcast) and five seeding rates were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data related to phenology, growth, yield and yield attributes, were collected and analyzed using Gestate software. Plant parameters such as days to panicle emergence, lodging %, number of total and effect tillers per plant and grain yield were significantly affected by the interaction effect of sowing methods and seed rates. Plots sown with low seeding rate combined with row planting gave high grain yield. Therefore, using treatment combinations of seeding rate of 2.5 kg ha−1 together with the row planting can be advised for teff production in the study area. However, repeated experiment over different soil type, seasons and locations necessitates for conclusive recommendation.
Download or read book The economics of teff Exploring Ethiopia s biggest cash crop written by Minten, Bart and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable poverty and food insecurity in Ethiopia, combined with the overwhelming majority of Ethiopians who depend on agriculture for their livelihoods, make agricultural transformation a crucial development goal for the country. One promising improvement is to increase production of teff, the calorie- and nutrient-rich but low-yielding staple. The Economics of Teff: Exploring Ethiopia’s Biggest Cash Crop examines key aspects of teff production, marketing, and consumption, with a focus on opportunities for and challenges to further growth. The authors identify ways to realize teff’s potential, including improving productivity and resilience, selecting and scaling up new technologies, establishing distribution systems adapted to different areas’ needs, managing labor demand and postharvest operations, and increasing access to larger and more diverse markets. The book’s analysis and policy conclusions should be useful to policy makers, researchers, and others concerned with Ethiopia’s economic development.
Download or read book Nature and Causes of Land Degradation in the Oromiya Region written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of integrated land management landscape position and land use types on soil physicochemical properties discharge species richness and carbon stock in Geda watershed north Shewa Ethiopia written by Hailu Terefe and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-02-16 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2020 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: A, Addis Ababa University, course: Environmental Science, language: English, abstract: This research is aimed at exploring the changes in indicators of ecosystem services associated with integrated land management practices and generating information and data from agricultural landscapes. The specific objectives are to evaluate changes in selected soil physicochemical properties of the treated site taking the neighboring control site as a base, to quantify the change in water discharge due to integrated land management practices, to assess plant species richness in the watershed and compute changes due to integrated land management practices, to determine the plant biomass production and carbon stock of the watershed associated with integrated land management practices. This thesis is organized in five chapters. The first chapter provides general background information followed by the research problem, justification of the study, research objectives, hypotheses and research questions. The second chapter is a review of relevant literatures that gives existing evidences on the severity of land degradation, rehabilitation efforts and outcomes of rehabilitation works in Ethiopia, and the third chapter is the materials and methods section that begins with a description of the study area and explanations the research methods. Chapter four presents results and discussion of each research objective which are published in or submitted to peer-reviewed scientific journals and manuscripts under preparation. Chapter five provides the conclusions and recommendations of the research.
Download or read book Soil Mining written by Floris Pol and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Borana Plateau of Southern Ethiopia written by David Layne Coppock and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
