Download or read book Effects of Excessive Flooding on Soybean Growth and Development written by Adam Sallam Suliman and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Screening of Diverse Soybean Cultivars for Flood Tolerance written by Jane Achando Khatenje Mokua and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding can significantly reduce soybean growth, development, and yield. Therefore, screening and identification of flood-tolerant soybeans will enhance development of cultivars that are well suited for flood-prone areas. Sets of screening tests were conducted in Stuttgart, Arkansas using three separate but related experiments, with the purpose of establishing effective flood tolerance screening protocol that can identify tolerant and sensitive cultivars. Each experiment was completely randomized with three replications. The first experiment involved screening of 256 maturity group (IV and V) cultivars. Flooding was imposed at the fifth-node (V5) or first-bloom (R1) stage for ten days. Post-flood visual ratings and stand counts were done three times every 3-5 days interval. Flood responses differed significantly among cultivars, within MG, and between growth stages (GS). Soybeans were more sensitive to flooding at V5 than R1. Maturity group had no main effect on flood damage; however, the severity of flood damage at a particular GS was dependent on the MG. In the second experiment, 30 cultivars were subjected to 5, 10, and 15-day floods at R1 and post-flood visual ratings and stand counts done on the 1st, 3rd, and 6th day. In the final experiment, 40 cultivars were subjected to 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15-day floods at V5 and R1 followed by flood damage ratings on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th day. Flood duration, scoring time, and GS had a significant effect on genotypic response to flooding. Damage caused by flood increased linearly with flood duration and scoring time after flood removal. Plants were more sensitive to flooding at R1 than V5. Significant reduction of chlorophyll content was observed in plants subjected to longer flooding durations. Significant correlation between visual scores and percent dead plants can support decisions in identifying flood-tolerant cultivars. Cultivars with extreme responses to flood stress were identified and will have utility in future genetic studies for tolerance mechanisms and breeding for flood-tolerant cultivars. Five effective and relatively inexpensive screening methodologies for flood tolerance in the field at the V5 and R1 were established. However, the established methodologies need to be assessed under different soil types and environmental conditions.
Download or read book Flood Response in Soybean written by Pooran Lall and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Stresses in Soybean Production written by Mohammad Miransari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Stress Conditions in Soybean Production: Soybean Production, Volume Two, examines the impact of conditions on final crop yield and identifies core issues and methods to address concerns. As climate and soil quality changes and issues continue to manifest around the world, methods of ensuring sustainable crop production is imperative. The care and treatment of the soil nutrients, how water availability and temperature interact with both soil and plant, and what new means of crop protection are being developed make this an important resource for those focusing on this versatile crop. The book is a complement to volume one, Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Soybean Production, providing further insights into crop protection. Presents insights for addressing specific environmental stress conditions in soybean production, including soil, atmospheric, and other contributing factors Facilitates translational methods based on stress factors from around the world Examines the future of soybean production challenges, including those posed by climate change Complements volume one, Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Soybean Production, providing further insights into crop protection
Download or read book Seeds written by J. Derek Bewley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated and much revised third edition of Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy provides a thorough overview of seed biology and incorporates much of the progress that has been made during the past fifteen years. With an emphasis on placing information in the context of the seed, this new edition includes recent advances in the areas of molecular biology of development and germination, as well as fresh insights into dormancy, ecophysiology, desiccation tolerance, and longevity. Authored by preeminent authorities in the field, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and students interested in the diverse aspects of seed biology.
Download or read book Soybean Growth Development written by Lee E. Schweitzer and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interactive Effects of Nematode and Water Stresses on Soybean Growth Development and Physiology written by Soesiladi Esti Widodo and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Wheel Traffic Stress on Soybean Growth and Development written by Paul William Wilkens and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flooding and Plant Growth written by Bozzano G Luisa and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding and Plant Growth covers the state of knowledge and opinion on the effects of flooding of soil with fresh or salt water on the metabolism and growth of herbaceous and woody plants. The book discusses the extent, causes, and impacts of flooding; the effects of flooding on soils and on the growth and metabolism of herbaceous plants; and the responses of woody plants to flooding. The text also describes the effect of flooding on water, carbohydrate, and mineral relations, as well as the effects of flooding on hormone relations and on plant disease. The adaptations to flooding with fresh water and the adaptations of plants to flooding with salt water are also encompassed. Agronomists, biochemists, plant ecologists, engineers, foresters, horticulturists, plant anatomists, meteorologists, geneticists, plant breeders, plant physiologists, and landscape architects will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Soil Moisture Stress Effects on Soybean Vegetative Physiological and Reproductive Growth and Post harvest Seed Physiology Quality and Chemical Composition written by Chathurika Wijewardana and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increasing scarcity of water resources, soil moisture stress is the single most threat to global soybean production causing extensive yield losses. The objectives of this study were to investigate soil moisture stress effects on all aspects of soybean growth and development processes and to develop functional algorithms that could be used for field management decisions and in soybean crop modeling. To fulfill these objectives, six experiments were conducted; one in vitro osmotic stress study on seed germination, four studies by imposing five soil moisture treatments, 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20% of daily evapotranspiration of the control at different growth stages using sunlit plant growth chambers, and one transgenerational study on seed germination at different osmotic levels and offspring growth at three irrigation treatments (100, 66, and 33% based on field capacity) for plants grown at different soil moisture levels. Two cultivars from maturity group V, Asgrow AG5332 and Progeny P5333RY, with different growth habits were used in all these studies. Midday leaf water potential, plant height, mainstem nodes, gas-exchange traits, canopy reflectance, and several yield components including pod weight, seed yield, and seed quality were measured. Soil moisture stress decreased biomass, net photosynthesis, yield, individual seed weight, maximum seed germination, protein, fatty acids, sucrose, N, and P and increased oil, stachyose, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu, and B contents. Overall, Asgrow AG5332 was more tolerant to drought stress than Progeny P5333RY. Soil moisture stress induced changes in seed quality that were correlated with seed germination and seedling vigor in the F1 generation. These data can be used to build a model-based decision support system capable of predicting yield under field conditions.
Download or read book Screening and Breeding Soybean for Flood Tolerance written by Maria Roberta de Oliveira and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waterlogging can be detrimental to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth and development, with effects ranging from chlorosis and stunting to yield loss and plant death. Soybean responses to, and the effects of, waterlogging are dependent on the growth stage of the plant at the initiation of waterlogging. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the effectiveness of Genomic Selection (GS), Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and Phenotypic Selection for flood tolerance at the progeny row stage as compared to random selection, for the development of high-yielding flood-tolerant lines; and (2) to compare field-screening and hydroponic greenhouse screening methodologies for hypoxia tolerance. For the first objective, 391 individuals from four populations at the F4:5 generation were either: 1) screened for waterlogging tolerance at the R1 growth stage in observation or first-year yield trial stages; 2) subjected to genomic selection using two different training approaches; 3) underwent marker-assisted selection; or 4) were advanced purely based on agronomic adaptation under non-flooded condition. Subsequently, the tagged selections together with the base populations (control) were entered in a multi-location trial where flood tolerance and yield were assessed, and the responses were compared across the different selection methods. Results from this experiment indicated significant differences between visual selection and the base population, and between genomic selection and base population when long-rows experiment was used in the training set. Random selection and base population were also significantly different on the identification of flood tolerant lines, assessed as tolerance index and probability of discard. Random selection method resulted in the lowest tolerance index and highest probability of discard. We also observed that visual or genomic selection derived from hill plots did not outperform the control in terms of flood tolerance. In addition, all six methods and base populations had similar performance in terms of mean yield. This suggests that breeders must focus on selecting for flood tolerance early in the breeding stages, without major risk of reducing yield potential. For the second objective of this study, a total of 17 soybean genotypes were screened for waterlogging tolerance at the V2 growth stage and under a hydroponic system. Plots of responses by cultivar and test method were analyzed. We observed consistency in results between field and hydroponic system for most of the cultivars, enabling us to discard based on flood susceptibility. Identification of the most efficient selection method for flood tolerance, and the development of a greenhouse screening methodology, will aid plant breeders in developing new flood-tolerant cultivars.
Download or read book Plant Abiotic Stress and Responses to Climate Change written by Violeta Andjelkovic and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is a serious problem influencing agricultural production worldwide and challenging researchers to investigate plant responses and to breed crops for the changed growing conditions. Abiotic stresses are the most important for crop production, affecting about 96.5% of arable land worldwide. These stress factors include high and low temperature, water deficit (drought) and flooding, salinity, heavy metals, UV radiation, light, chemical pollutants, and so on. Since some of the stresses occurred simultaneously, such as heat and water deficit, causing the interactions of physiological processes, novel multidisciplinary solutions are needed. This book provides an overview of the present state in the research of abiotic stresses and molecular, biochemical, and whole plant responses, helping to prevent the negative impact of global climate change.
Download or read book Subirrigation and Controlled Drainage written by Frank M. D'Itri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-12-28 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subirrigation and Controlled Drainage provides information by four subject groups: subirrigation/controlled drainage system planning and operation, economic/production impact, environmental impact, and barriers to further implementation of water table management systems. The chapter authors address water table management opportunities and issues by providing results and discussions of their research and experience. The book provides essential information to anyone associated with shallow water table management for agricultural production.
Download or read book The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security 2021 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On top of a decade of exacerbated disaster loss, exceptional global heat, retreating ice and rising sea levels, humanity and our food security face a range of new and unprecedented hazards, such as megafires, extreme weather events, desert locust swarms of magnitudes previously unseen, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Agriculture underpins the livelihoods of over 2.5 billion people – most of them in low-income developing countries – and remains a key driver of development. At no other point in history has agriculture been faced with such an array of familiar and unfamiliar risks, interacting in a hyperconnected world and a precipitously changing landscape. And agriculture continues to absorb a disproportionate share of the damage and loss wrought by disasters. Their growing frequency and intensity, along with the systemic nature of risk, are upending people’s lives, devastating livelihoods, and jeopardizing our entire food system. This report makes a powerful case for investing in resilience and disaster risk reduction – especially data gathering and analysis for evidence informed action – to ensure agriculture’s crucial role in achieving the future we want.
Download or read book Agronomy Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes abstracts of the annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy; Soil Science Society of America; Crop Science Society of America ( - of its Agronomic Education Division).
Download or read book Effects of Late Planting Dates Maturity Groups and Management Systems on Growth Development and Yield of Soybean in South Carolina written by Mengxuan Hu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Planting date plays a significant role in determining soybean growth, development and seed yield. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of late planting date, management system, and maturity group on the growth, development and seed yield of maturity group VII and VIII soybean under dry land conditions in the Southeastern coastal plain of the United States. Plant growth and development, seed yield, yield components, and seed oil and protein concentrations were evaluated throughout the season. These experiments were conducted in South Carolina at the Edisto Research and Education Center near Blackville and the Pee Dee Research and Education Center near Florence. Soybean was planted at four weekly intervals starting on 15-June in both 2011 and 2012. Pioneer 97M50 (a MG VII determinate variety) and Prichard Roundup Ready (a MG VIII determinate variety) were selected based on their adaptation to the Southeast. The two management systems were: a strip-till (ST) system using a John Deere MaxEmerge Vaccum planter + Unverferth 300 strip till with 96-cm row spacing and a drilled no-till (NT) planting system with 19-cm row spacing. Plant growth was evaluated based on leaf area index (LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and plant height (HT). Plant development was calculated based on the duration (days) of growth stages. Growth stages were recorded weekly from 10 randomly selected plants in each plot. The beginning of each stage was determined when at least 50% of plants were at that stage. Overall, planting after 22 June appeared to reduce seed yield. The ST system increased the seed yield compared to the drilled NT system. Yields were greater for the MG VIII variety than the MG VII variety. LAI, NDVI, and HT at R2 and R4 were generally reduced with delayed planting dates. Later planting shortened the duration of both vegetative and reproductive growth stages for both MG VII and VIII soybeans. Shortened duration of vegetative growth and seed filling period might have contributed most to the lower yields observed in delayed planting dates. Planting date did not affect either protein or oil concentration. Protein concentration in the seed was found to be significantly higher and oil concentration lower in soybean grown in the ST system than in the drilled NT system. Positive correlations were found between: seed yield and LAI, NDVI, and HT at R2 and R4; seed yield and duration of vegetative and seed filling growth period; and seed yield and dry weight of each plant part (branches, stems, petioles, leaves, and pods).
Download or read book Plant responses to flooding written by Pierdomenico Perata and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
