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Book Effective Methods for Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling

Download or read book Effective Methods for Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling written by Xinyu Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-06-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes a series of research work on integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) done by the authors, focusing on discussing the properties, novel solution methods and applications of process planning, scheduling and IPPS problems under different machining environments. It is a valuable reference resource for teachers, students and researchers working in the fields of engineering, management science and other related disciplines.

Book Integration of Process Planning and Scheduling

Download or read book Integration of Process Planning and Scheduling written by Rakesh Kumar Phanden and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both process planning and scheduling are very important functions of manufacturing, which affect together the cost to manufacture a product and the time to deliver it. This book contains various approaches proposed by researchers to integrate the process planning and scheduling functions of manufacturing under varying configurations of shops. It is useful for both beginners and advanced researchers to understand and formulate the Integration Process Planning and Scheduling (IPPS) problem effectively. Features Covers the basics of both process planning and scheduling Presents nonlinear approaches, closed-loop approaches, as well as distributed approaches Discuss the outfit of IPPS in Industry 4.0 paradigm Includes the benchmarking problems on IPPS Contains nature-algorithms and metaheuristics for performance measurements in IPPS Presents analysis of energy-efficient objective for sustainable manufacturing in IPPS

Book Integration of Process Planning and Scheduling

Download or read book Integration of Process Planning and Scheduling written by Rakesh Kumar Phanden and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both process planning and scheduling are very important functions of manufacturing, which affect together the cost to manufacture a product and the time to deliver it. This book contains various approaches proposed by researchers to integrate the process planning and scheduling functions of manufacturing under varying configurations of shops. It is useful for both beginners and advanced researchers to understand and formulate the Integration Process Planning and Scheduling (IPPS) problem effectively. Features Covers the basics of both process planning and scheduling Presents nonlinear approaches, closed-loop approaches, as well as distributed approaches Discuss the outfit of IPPS in Industry 4.0 paradigm Includes the benchmarking problems on IPPS Contains nature-algorithms and metaheuristics for performance measurements in IPPS Presents analysis of energy-efficient objective for sustainable manufacturing in IPPS

Book Integrated Process Planning  Scheduling  and Due Date Assignment

Download or read book Integrated Process Planning Scheduling and Due Date Assignment written by Halil Ibrahim Demir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-08-10 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the three most important manufacturing functions are process planning, scheduling, and due-date assignment, which are handled sequentially and separately.This book integrates these manufacturing processes and functions to increase global performance along with manufacturing and production cost savings. Integrated Process Planning, Scheduling, and Due-Date Assignment combines the most important manufacturing functions to use manufacturing resources better, reduce production costs, and eliminate bottlenecks with increased production efficiency. The book covers how the integration will help eliminate scheduling conflicts and how to adapt to irregular shop floor disturbances. It also explains how other elements, such as tardiness and earliness, are penalized and how prioritizing helps improve weight performance function. This book will draw the interest of professionals, students, and academicians in process planning, scheduling, and due-date assignment. It could also be supplemental material for manufacturing courses in industrial engineering and manufacturing engineering departments.

Book Process Planning and Scheduling for Distributed Manufacturing

Download or read book Process Planning and Scheduling for Distributed Manufacturing written by Lihui Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-14 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to focus on emerging technologies for distributed intelligent decision-making in process planning and dynamic scheduling. It has two sections: a review of several key areas of research, and an in-depth treatment of particular techniques. Each chapter addresses a specific problem domain and offers practical solutions to solve it. The book provides a better understanding of the present state and future trends of research in this area.

Book Process Planning and Scheduling for Distributed Manufacturing

Download or read book Process Planning and Scheduling for Distributed Manufacturing written by Lihui Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-05-15 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to focus on emerging technologies for distributed intelligent decision-making in process planning and dynamic scheduling. It has two sections: a review of several key areas of research, and an in-depth treatment of particular techniques. Each chapter addresses a specific problem domain and offers practical solutions to solve it. The book provides a better understanding of the present state and future trends of research in this area.

Book An Integrated Process planning production scheduling Shell for Agile Manufacturing

Download or read book An Integrated Process planning production scheduling Shell for Agile Manufacturing written by Norman M. Sadeh and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "Increased reliance on agile manufacturing techniques has created a demand for systems to solve integrated process-planning and production-scheduling problems in large-scale dynamic environments. To be effective, these systems should provide user-oriented interactive functionality for managing the various user tasks and objectives and reacting to unexpected events. This paper describes the mixed-initiative problem-solving features of IP3S, an Integrated Process-Planning / Production-Scheduling shell for agile manufacturing. IP3S is a blackboard- based system that supports the concurrent development and dynamic revision of integrated process-planning and production-scheduling solutions and the maintenance of multiple problem instances and solutions, as well as other flexible user-oriented decision-making capabilities, allowing the user to control the scope of the problem and explore alternate tradeoffs ('what- if' scenarios) interactively. The system is scheduled for initial deployment and evaluation in a large and highly dynamic machine shop at Raytheon's Andover manufacturing facility."

Book MULTI OBJECTIVE INTEGRATED PRO

Download or read book MULTI OBJECTIVE INTEGRATED PRO written by Sicheng Sulivan Zhang and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Multi-objective integrated process planning and scheduling: a hybrid MAS/ACO approach" by Sicheng, Sulivan, Zhang, 张思成, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Process planning and scheduling are two important manufacturing planning functions which are traditionally performed separately and sequentially. Usually, the process plan has to be prepared first before scheduling can be performed. However, due to the complexity of manufacturing systems and the uncertainties encountered in practical production, the sequentially prepared process plans and schedules may sometimes become inefficient or even infeasible. Integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) is a relatively new concept in manufacturing domain, which aims at improving the feasibility and optimality of the respective process plan and schedule, by combining both functions together. Scheduling itself is an NP-hard problem. With the complexity and flexibility involved by the incorporation of process planning function, IPPS is an even more difficult problem which is almost impossible to be solved by traditional optimisation methods. In this thesis, a graphical formulation based on disjunctive AND/OR graphs, as well as a mixed integer programming model are presented for representing IPPS problems. Inspired by the negotiation-based multi-agent system (MAS) and ant colony optimisation (ACO) approaches, a novel hybrid MAS/ACO (HMA) approach is developed for solving IPPS problems. The approach is implemented on an MAS with a number of solution generator agents, each controlling a series of jobs agents and machine agents, negotiating with each other to realise the step-by-step assignment of operations, and finally yielding a feasible solution to the problem. In order to improve the performance, the pheromone accumulation, and evaporation mechanism in ACO are introduced into the negotiation process; the probabilistic and iterative features of ACO are also inherited to make the approach non-deterministic, and hence capable of progressively improving the solution quality as a meta-heuristic. For multi-objective optimisation, correlations between different measures of scheduling problems have been experimentally and statistically studied; makespan and total tardiness are then chosen as the objectives to be simultaneously optimised. Furthermore, other extensions of IPPS including the incorporation of sequence dependent setup times, assembly operations, as well as dynamic rescheduling under disruptions, have also been studied and given solutions with the HMA approach. Experiments have been carried out to select an appropriate parameter set, and to evaluate and illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of the approach. The experimental results show that the HMA approach is a competitive and reliable method for solving IPPS problems. Subjects: Production scheduling - Mathematical models Production planning - Mathematical models

Book A Neutrosophic Number Based Memetic Algorithm for the Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Problem With Uncertain Processing Times

Download or read book A Neutrosophic Number Based Memetic Algorithm for the Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Problem With Uncertain Processing Times written by Liangliang Jin and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process planning and scheduling are two crucial components in a flexible manufacturing system. Lots of novel meta-heuristics have been applied to the integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) problem for an efficient utilization of manufacturing resources; nevertheless, the tricky part in real life stems from the uncertainty in processing times.

Book Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling with Setup Time Consideration by Ant Colony Optimization

Download or read book Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling with Setup Time Consideration by Ant Colony Optimization written by Sze-Yuen Wan and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling With Setup Time Consideration by Ant Colony Optimization" by Sze-yuen, Wan, 溫思源, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: In recent years, lots of research effort was spent on the integration of process planning and job-shop scheduling. Various integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) models and solution approaches have been proposed. The previous and existing research approaches are able to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing IPPS. However, most of them assumed that setup time is negligible or only part of the processing time. For machined parts, the setup for each operation includes workpiece loading and unloading, tool change, etc. For setup that depends only on the operation to be processed (sequence-independent), it is applicable to adopt the assumption of not considering setup in IPPS. For setup that depends on both the operation to be processed and the immediately preceding operation (sequence-dependent), it is an oversimplification to adopt such assumption. In such cases, the setup time varies with the sequence of the operations. The process plans and schedules constructed under such assumption are not realistic or not even feasible. In actual practice, therefore, the setup time should be separated from the process time in performing the IPPS functions. In this thesis, a new approach is proposed for IPPS problems with setup time consideration for machined parts. Inseparable and sequence-dependent setup requirements are added into the IPPS problems. The setup times are separated from the process times and they vary with the sequence of the operations. IPPS is regarded as NP-hard problem. With the separated consideration of setup times, it becomes even more complicated. An Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) approach is proposed to handle this complicated problem. The system is constructed under a multi-agent system (MAS). AND/OR graph is used to record the set of feasible production procedures and sequences. The ACO algorithm computes results by an autocatalytic process with the objective to minimize the makespan. Software agents called "artificial ants" traverse through the feasible routes in the graph and finally construct a schedule. A setup time parameter is added into the algorithm to influence the ants to select the process with less setup time. The approach is able to construct a feasible solution with less setup time. Experimental studies have been performed to evaluate the performance of MAS-ACO approach in solving IPPS problems with separated consideration of setup times. The experimental results show that the MAS-ACO approach can effectively handle the problem. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4961807 Subjects: Production planning - Mathematical models Production scheduling - Mathematical models Ant algorithms

Book Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling in Flexible Job Shops

Download or read book Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling in Flexible Job Shops written by Oleh Sobeyko and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Solving Large Scale Production Scheduling and Planning in the Process Industries

Download or read book Solving Large Scale Production Scheduling and Planning in the Process Industries written by Georgios M. Kopanos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a number of efficient techniques for solving large-scale production scheduling and planning problems in process industries. The main content is supplemented by a wealth of illustrations, while case studies on large-scale industrial applications, ranging from continuous to semicontinuous and batch processes, round out the coverage. The book examines a variety of complex, real-world problems, and demonstrates solutions that are applicable to scenarios and countries around the world. Specifically, these case studies include: • the production planning of the bottling stage of a major brewery at the Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (Heineken Int) in Mexico;• the production scheduling for multi-stage semicontinuous processes at an ice-cream production facility of Unilever in the Netherlands;• the resource-constrained production planning for the yogurt production line at the KRI KRI dairy production facility in Greece; and• the production scheduling for large-scale, multi-stage batch processes at a pharmaceutical batch plant in Germany. In addition, the book includes industrial-inspired case studies of: • the simultaneous planning of production and logistics operations considering multi-site facilities for semicontinuous processes; and• the integrated planning of production and utility systems in process industries under uncertainty. Solving Large-scale Production Scheduling and Planning in the Process Industries offers a valuable reference guide for researchers and decision-makers alike, as it shows readers how to evaluate and improve existing installations, and how to design new ones. It is also well suited as a textbook for advanced courses on production scheduling and planning in industry, as it addresses the optimization of production and logistics operations in real-world process industries.

Book An Agent Based Approach for Integrating Process Planning and Scheduling

Download or read book An Agent Based Approach for Integrating Process Planning and Scheduling written by Chun-Wai David Leung and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "An Agent-based Approach for Integrating Process Planning and Scheduling" by Chun-wai, David, Leung, 梁俊偉, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled An Agent-Based Approach for Integrating Process Planning and Scheduling Submitted by David Chun Wai Leung for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong August 2006 Conventionally, manufacturing process planning and scheduling functions are performed separately and sequentially. In general, process plans have to be determined prior to scheduling. Due to the complexity of manufacturing systems, process plans and schedules may easily become inefficient or even infeasible. In this respect, integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) plays an important role in the generation of feasible process plans and optimal schedules. With IPPS, the process plan for producing a part and its operations' schedule are determined concurrently, taking into account process planning flexibilities and scheduling requirements. This integrative approach can address the actual and practical needs of industry, but due to the flexibilities in the manufacturing systems IPPS is a very complex problem. This thesis presents an agent-based approach for integrating process planning with scheduling. Firstly, a simple multi-agent system (MAS) architecture using the Multi-Agent Negotiation (MAN) approach is proposed to solve IPPS problems. Under MAN, part agents (PAs) and machine agents (MAs), which represent parts and machines respectively, determine the actual process plan and schedule via a currency-based negotiation. Each PA is given with an AND/OR graph recording all flexible routings and alternative machines of a product. It enters the system with some fictitious currency incorporating important IPPS parameters including processing time and due date and bargains with MAs to purchase their processing capability. These agents aim to achieve their individual objectives so as to minimize the parts' flowtimes and to maximize machine utilization. A contract-net based negotiation protocol is introduced to coordinate their negotiation. A hybrid MAS architecture using Hybrid-based Agent Negotiation (HAN) approach is then proposed to improve the global objectives of IPPS. HAN is similar to MAN except that a supervisory agent (SA) is added. The primary role of the SA is to observe and guarantee the global objectives which are neglected in MAN. The SA can access and intervene in the local decisions made by the local agents. A hybrid contract net negotiation protocol is established to facilitate negotiations in HAN. Dynamic process planning and rescheduling problems have also been addressed. Online Multi-Agent Negotiation (oMAN) and Online Hybrid-based Agent Negotiation (oHAN) are established to solve the dynamic IPPS problems based on MAN and HAN respectively. Two types of disturbances (machine breakdowns and rush order arrivals) are investigated. A simulated manufacturing system is established to evaluate the effectiveness of MAN and HAN and oMAN and oHAN approaches. Simulation results show that the performance of these methods exceeds that of an evolutionary algorithm in general. On the other hand, in terms of achieving the global objectives, the hybrid approaches HAN and oHAN are the most effective, outperforming MAN and oMAN respectively. Finally, a search-based Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed and is incorporated into the established MAS platform. Artificial ants are implemented as software agents. A graph-based solution method is pr

Book Modified Hopfield Networks for Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling

Download or read book Modified Hopfield Networks for Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling written by Suriya Jirasatitsin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In production systems, process planning and scheduling are the two core functions that must be implemented before starting a production. The process planning generates a suitable process plan for each part that indicates the sequences of machining operations of the part, and the suitable machines and tools for that operations. This plan depends on the available manufacturing resources and their operation time. The scheduling, then, specifies the timetable of each operation from the process plans' information. A significant conflict during the scheduling process is that some determined resources are not valid or overloaded because the process planning intentionally specifies the machines that make the least manufacturing cost. Therefore, it is time-consuming to re-schedule or search for a feasible solution that agree to the constraints of both process planning and scheduling. Integrated process planning and scheduling is a trend of modern manufacturing systems that would improve production in more flexible ways and overcome the disadvantages of conventional procedures of process planning and scheduling. It is mostly solved the integrated approach by using various metaheuristics algorithms. Hopfield networks, in literature, show effective results in scheduling and can be implemented in hardware level that has the computation powers and speed over the digital computations. Otherwise, the analog computation has no iteration and obtain a real-time solution. However, the Hopfield network is a local minimization method with slow convergence by its gradient descent algorithm. Some modifications of Hopfield network should lead to a fast convergence and global optimization problem. This thesis presents two original and novel Hopfield neural networks architectures. One of the proposed Hopfield neural networks modifies the standard Hopfield Network by ii properly incorporating the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) unconstrained optimization algorithm. The second proposed Hopfield network is based on properly incorporating the Nazareth unconstrained optimization algorithm in the standard Hopfield network. One important issue to be investigated is the convergence speed of these two novel Artificial Networks with respect to the convergence of the standard Artificial Hopfield Network. The proposed model uses analog integrators to follow the traditional algorithms of BFGS and Nazareth algorithms. The algorithms can be modeled by using simple analog circuits, such as integrators, multipliers, and adders. The proposed algorithms show a significant increase in the convergence speed of modified Hopfield networks compared to the standard one. Also noise and adaptive learning parameter technique are integrated to the modified Hopfield networks for global optimization. To test and compare the effectiveness of the proposed Networks, they are implemented on the solution of an integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) problem, which is a nondeterministic polynomial time problem (NP-hard). Moreover, here, it is treated under a novel formulation and to represent a modern manufacturing approach.

Book Solving Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Problems with Metaheuristics

Download or read book Solving Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Problems with Metaheuristics written by Luping Zhang and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Solving Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling Problems With Metaheuristics" by Luping, Zhang, 张路平, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Process planning and scheduling are two important manufacturing planning functions which are closely related to each other. Usually, process planning and scheduling have to be performed sequentially, whereby the process plans are the input for scheduling. Many investigations have shown that the separate conduction of the two functions is much likely to ruin the effectiveness and feasibility of the process plans and schedules, and it is also difficult to cater for the occurrence of uncertainties in the dynamic manufacturing environment. The purpose of integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) is to perform the two functions concurrently. IPPS is a typical combinatorial optimization problem which belongs to the category of NP-hard problems. Research on IPPS has intensified in recent years. Researchers have reported various IPPS systems and solution approaches which are able to generate good solutions for specific IPPS problems. However, there is in general an absence of theoretical models for the IPPS problem representation, and research on the theoretical aspects of the IPPS is limited. The objective of this research is to establish a metaheuristic-based solution approach for the IPPS problem in flexible jobshop type of manufacturing systems. To begin with, a graph-based modeling approach for formulating the IPPS problem domain is proposed. This approach defines a way to use a category of AND/OR graphs to construct IPPS models. The graph-based IPPS model can be formulated using mathematical programming tools including polynomial mixed integer programming (PMIP) and mixed integer linear programming (MILP). The analytical mathematical programming approaches can be used to solve simple IPPS instances but they are not capable for large-scale IPPS problems. This research proposes a new IPPS modelling approach to incorporate metaheuristics in the solution strategy. Actually, the solution strategy comprises the metaheuristics and a mapping function. The metaheuristic is responsible for generating the operation sequences; a mapping function is then used to assign the operations to appropriate time slots on a schedule. General studies of applying constructive and improvement metaheuristics to solve the IPPS problem are conducted in this research. The ant colony optimization (ACO) is applied as a representative constructive metaheuristic, and a nonstandard genetic algorithm approach object-coding genetic algorithm (OCGA) is implemented as an improvement metaheuristic. The OCGA contains dedicated genetic operations to support the object-based genetic representation, and three particular mechanisms for population evolution. The metaheuristic-based solution approaches are implemented in a multi-agent system (MAS) platform. The hybrid MAS and metaheuristics based IPPS solution methodology is able to carry out dynamic rescheduling to cope with occurrence of uncertainties in practical manufacturing environments. Experiments have been carried out to test the IPPS solution approach proposed in this thesis. It is shown that both metaheuristics, ACO and OCGA, are having good performance in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency. In particular, due to the special genetic operations and population evolutionary mechanisms, the OCGA shows great advantages in experiments on benchmark problems. Finally, it is shown that the hybrid approach of MSA and metaheuristics is

Book An Integrated Approach to Process Planning and Scheduling Using Genetic Algorithms

Download or read book An Integrated Approach to Process Planning and Scheduling Using Genetic Algorithms written by Philip Husbands and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a new integrated approach to process planning aad job-shop scheduling. The relationship between planning and scheduling is reassessed and the line between the two tasks is made significantly more blurred than in the usual treatment. Scheduling is traditionally seen as the task of finding an optimal way of interleaving a number of fixed plans which are to be executed concurrently and which must share resources. The implicit assumption is that once planning has finished scheduling takes over. In fact there are often many possible choices for the sub-operations in the plans. Very often the real optimisation problem is to simultaaeously optimise all the individual plans alzd the overall schedule. This thesis describes how manufa.cturing planning has been recast to allow solutions to the simultaneous plan and schedule optimisation problem, a problem traditionally considered too hard to tackle at all. A model based on simulated coevolution is developed and it is shown how complex interactions are handled in an emergent way. Results from various implementations are reported. Underlying this new approach is a feature based process planning system that is used to generate the space of all possible legal process plans for a given component. This space is then searched, in parallel with spaces for all other components, using an advanced form of genetic algorithm. The thesis describes the development of the ideas behind this technique and presents in detail the constituent parts of the whole system.

Book Effective Methods for Software and Systems Integration

Download or read book Effective Methods for Software and Systems Integration written by Boyd L. Summers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before software engineering builds and installations can be implemented into software and/or systems integrations in military and aerospace programs, a comprehensive understanding of the software development life cycle is required. Covering all the development life cycle disciplines, Effective Methods for Software and Systems Integration explains h