Download or read book Watershed Hydrology written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Watershed Changes on Streamflow written by W. L. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects of watershed changes: a continuing challenge;Effects of watershed changes on water quality;Potential of physical models for achievingbetter understanding and evaluation of watershed changes;A discussion of potential of physical models for achieving better understanding an evaluation of watershed changes; Analysis of watershed changes; Informational needs on changes in rural watershed and their relationship to planning activities; Land treatment in agricultural watershed hydrology research; Effects of conservation treatments on water yield; Application of continuous accounting techniques to evaluate the effects of small structures on mukewater Creek, Texas; A discussion of application of continuous accounting techniques to evaluate the effects of small structures on mukewater creek, Texas; Effects of small structures on peak flow; Effects of small structures on water yield in Texas; Effects of small structures on water yield in Texas; Field experiment on washita river; Pollution effects in rural watersheds; The nature of changes in urban watersheds and their importance in the decades ahead; The U.S. geological survey urban water program; Urban effects on water yield; Modeling the runoff characteristics of a urban watershed by means of an analog computer; Effects of urbanization on peak flows; Urban effects on the unit hydrograph; Experience with the evaluation of urban effect for drainage design; Urban effect of quality of streamflow.
Download or read book Effects of Watershed Changes on Streamflow written by Walter L. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Watershed Changes on Streamflow 2nd Water Resources Symposium Lectures written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forests Water Guidelines written by Great Britain. Forestry Commission and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work advises owners and managers how woodlands and forests influence the freshwater ecosystem, and gives guidance on how operations should be carried out in order to protect and enhance the water environment. The guidelines apply equally to forest enterprises and the private sector.
Download or read book Effects of Land cover Change on Streamflow written by Peter James Dennedy-Frank and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, more than 700 million people live in watersheds with a degraded ability to provide hydrologic ecosystem (hydro-eco) services, such as improved water yield and moderation of peak and dry-season river flows. Restoring pre-development land cover to provide hydro-eco services has become a major driver of conservation. This dissertation investigates the hydrologic response to land-cover change in high-resolution hydrologic models of 32 watersheds spanning six continents and diverse climate zones. The watershed site models are used to explore streamflow changes for scenarios of land-cover restoration to a pre-development state, as well as land-cover development to agricultural or urban conditions. The site models are used to simulate land-cover change of 10% of watershed area, which is larger than the area typically selected for hydro-eco service investment. On average the magnitude of annual average water yield, low flow, and high flow are reduced 1-3% under restoration. The magnitude is similar but the direction reversed for development to agricultural or urban conditions. Focusing on restoration, results show that groups of watersheds have similar streamflow response characteristics to land cover-change despite the limited response magnitude. The groups are identified using a graph-connectedness approach based on the sign correlation of changes in 26 streamflow index values. Watersheds fall into three clusters characterized by their hydrologic responses to land-cover change: 1) low-flow intensifying, 2) high-flow intensifying, and 3) high-flow enhancing. Non-parametric hypothesis testing is used to identify which particular streamflow indices, watershed features, and pre-restoration flow features are characteristic of watersheds in the respective clusters. Under restoration, sites in the low-flow intensifying cluster exhibit an increase in low flow and a decrease in high flow. Sites in the high-flow intensifying cluster show high flow increases (relative to each site's median flow) and low flow decreases. The high-flow enhancing cluster behaves like the high-flow intensifying cluster, but has smaller reductions in low flows. Soil characteristics in the sites are distinct across clusters. Watersheds with smaller soil depths and available soil water content fall into the low-flow intensifying cluster, and these soil characteristics are statistically different from those of sites in the high-flow enhancing and intensifying clusters. After restoration, the low-flow intensifying watersheds typically exhibit greater infiltration and shift water to the low-flow regime. This flowvi regulating behavior is a desired effect of watershed restoration. In contrast, high-flow intensifying watersheds exhibit increased transpiration that reduces low flow. Such behavior is detrimental to regions with limited water availability. This study uses local hydrologic site models in a broad range of conditions to better understand how landcover changes affect hydrologic response and under what conditions such changes might enhance hydro-eco services. Results contribute useful guidance about the generally limited effects of land-cover change on water yield. This work also provides useful understanding about key watershed characteristics that affect streamflow responses to restoration.
Download or read book Land Use Effects on Streamflow and Water Quality in the Northeastern United States written by Avril L. de la Cretaz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a long-standing need for a desk reference that synthesizes current research, Land Use Effects on Streamflow and Water Quality in the Northeastern United States reviews and discusses the impact of forest management, agriculture, and urbanization. The book provides a gateway to the diverse scientific literature that is urgently needed
Download or read book Effects of Watershed Changes on Streamflow written by Walter L. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of watershed changes on streamflow written by A. van der Beken and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Watershed Changes Cn Streamflow written by and published by . This book was released on 1969* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impacts of Climate Change on New York Streamflows written by Ching-pin Tung and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-12-04 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York City's municipal water supply system provides about 1 billion gallons of drinking water a day to over 8.5 million people in New York City and about 1 million people living in nearby Westchester, Putnam, Ulster, and Orange counties. The combined water supply system includes 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. The city's Watershed Protection Program is intended to maintain and enhance the high quality of these surface water sources. Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program assesses the efficacy and future of New York City's watershed management activities. The report identifies program areas that may require future change or action, including continued efforts to address turbidity and responding to changes in reservoir water quality as a result of climate change.
Download or read book Impact of Global Climate Change on Extreme Streamflow written by Sabin Shrestha (Civil engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a widespread concern that climate change will lead to an increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events in the 21st century. It is essential, from a watershed management point of view to understand how these alterations in the hydrologic regime would affect the existing water resources. This research, therefore, provides an overview of the hydrologic impacts on the Great Miami River Watershed in Ohio, USA due to projected climatic changes on both low flows and high flows. An extensively used hydrological model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was to evaluate the hydrological impacts of climate change. The multi-site model calibration and validation were performed using the SUFI-2 algorithm within SWAT-CUP. The model was calibrated (2005 - 2014) and validated (1995 - 2004) for monthly stream flows at the outlet resulting in Nash - Sutcliffe Coefficients of 0.86 and 0.83, respectively. An ensemble of ten downscaled and bias-corrected climate models from Fifth Phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) under two Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 were used to generate a probable set of climate data (precipitation and temperature). The climate data were then fed into the SWAT model and hydrological changes in the stream in terms of daily discharge were produced for three time-frames: (2016 - 2043) as 2035s, (2044 - 2071) as 2055s, and (2072 - 99) as 2085s and compared against the baseline period (1988 - 2015). The findings from this research showed that low flows using both hydrological and biological indices would increase more than 100% in 2035s but eventually decrease slightly in the later part of the century (2085s). However, the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM-LR) used in this study predicted that the biological indices iv under RCP 8.5 would increase slightly at the beginning but decrease considerably in the middle and later part of the century. Analysis showed that the variability of the average 7-day low flows in each year would increase considerably for both emission scenarios. Furthermore, 75th percentile exceedance frequency of monthly low flows was found higher in September, October, and November during the study period. As for high flow analysis, the hydrological index for high flows (7Q10) from an ensemble of 10 climate models predicted to decrease consistently in future. When the results from the two RCPs are compared, high flows would decrease maximum by 22% in 2055s under RCP 8.5 and 21% in 2085s under RCP 4.5. However, the MIROC5 model in RCP 4.5 showed 1.2% increase in 7Q10 high flows during 2035s. The frequency of the 75th percentile non-exceedance flows was also projected to increase in the future. Under the RCP 4.5, the frequency becomes higher in 2055s whereas under the RCP 8.5 most frequent 75th percentile flow would occur in 2085s. Meanwhile, on a monthly scale, the peak would increase more on every month except January and December than that of historical records. The variability of peak discharge was also expected to increase in every other month in both scenarios. The peak would increase considerably especially in August, September, and October when compared to historical months, indicating relatively wetter months in the future years. Finally, this study has demonstrated the effects of changing climates projected by the climate models on extreme flow condition in the large agricultural watershed. The next step of the research will focus on further bias correction on simulated climate data and analysis for future.
Download or read book Sustainability in Natural Resources Management and Land Planning written by Walter Leal Filho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-06 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes contributions from scientists and representatives from government and non-governmental organisations working in the field of land management and use and on management of fires. The book is truly interdisciplinary and has both a research and application-oriented dimension. The list of topics includes sustainability and water management; sustainability and biodiversity conservation; the future sustainability of nature-based industries such as agriculture, mining, tourism, fisheries and forestry; sustainability, people and livelihoods; sustainability and landscapes planning; sustainability and land use planning; handling and managing forest fires. The papers are innovative and cross-cutting, and many have practice-based experiences. Also, this book, prepared by the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme (IUSDRP) and the World Sustainable Development Research and Transfer Centre (WSD-RTC), reiterates the need to promote a sustainable use of land resources today.
Download or read book Modeling the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Streamflow Variability in the North Fork of Elk Creek Experimental Watershed West Central Montana written by Katie Marie Jorgensen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study hypothesizes the effects of global climate change on the hydrologic regime of West-Central Montana, focusing on the North Fork of Elk Creek, a 6.6 km2 (2.6 mi.2) Experimental Watershed. This is important to understand in snowmelt-dominated watersheds, as it is already well documented by current trends and future climate projections that the natural hydrologic regime is experiencing alterations. There have been shifts in the 20th century of the timing of snowmelt trending towards an earlier spring peak flows and declines in the overall snow water equivalent (Regonda et al., 2005; Mote et al., 2005; Hamlet et al., 2005). The goals for this study are to analyze for significant changes in the timing of important hydrologic events, and determine how discharge throughout the year will be altered in the Elk Creek Experimental Watershed (ECEW). To address these issues, a semi-spatial hydrologic model is employed, and run using current meteorological data and under downscaled climate-change scenarios conditions, under three relevant time periods. Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) is deterministic and conceptual and is used to generate streamflow in snowmelt dominated basins by the degree-day method (Martinec, 1985). Data is gathered from two SNOTEL sites located within the watershed and streamflow collected directly on the North Fork of Elk Creek. The specific metrics that will be statistically analyzed are mean summer and winter flows, and trends in peak flow and center of mass date timing (Wenger et al., 2009; Regonda et al., 2005). These results can be useful for management purposes because changes in the way water is released from the mountains affects water storage, flooding, and overall watershed resilience such that current practices may need to be accordingly adjusted.
Download or read book Hydrologic Effects of a Changing Forest Landscape written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all the outputs of forests, water may be the most important. Streamflow from forests provides two-thirds of the nation's clean water supply. Removing forest cover accelerates the rate that precipitation becomes streamflow; therefore, in some areas, cutting trees causes a temporary increase in the volume of water flowing downstream. This effect has spurred political pressure to cut trees to increase water supply, especially in western states where population is rising. However, cutting trees for water gains is not sustainable: increases in flow rate and volume are typically short-lived, and the practice can ultimately degrade water quality and increase vulnerability to flooding. Forest hydrology, the study of how water flows through forests, can help illuminate the connections between forests and water, but it must advance if it is to deal with today's complexities, including climate change, wildfires, and changing patterns of development and ownership. This book identifies actions that scientists, forest and water managers, and citizens can take to help sustain water resources from forests.
Download or read book Grassland to Cropland Conversion in the Northern Plains written by Roger L. Claassen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
