Download or read book Effect of Structure and Stereochemistry on Cytotoxicity of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Complexes written by Arthi Krishnan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study showed some promising results which are listed below. The type of the bridging ligand attached to the metal center played a vital role in determining the potency of the drug, the longer tatpp ligand being more effective. The benefit of working with two metal centers as compared to one center was minimal; MP2+ and P4+ have similar IC50 values. Stereochemistry had a measurable effect on cytotoxicity; the Delta/DeltaDelta isomers were approximately twice more potent than the Λ/ΛΛ isomers. The stereochemistry around the dimeric complexes ought to be DeltaDelta for it work best, meso complexes (DeltaΛ) are equivalent in potency as the ΛΛ isomers. Complexes MP2+ and P4+ showed higher IC50 values in healthy cells and so they have a larger therapeutic window which can be very useful in designing new cancer therapy drugs.

Download or read book Structure activity Relationships of Ruthenium II Polypyridyl Complexes with Redox active Intercalating Ligands written by Eugenia Soyo Narh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation and development of transition metal complexes as cancer chemotherapeutics has gained a lot of interest in the past few decades and has become a promising area of research. Metal complexes of platinum and ruthenium in particular that have demonstrated success as anticancer drugs or are under exploration currently for clinical use are highlighted in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes studies undertaken to understand the neurotoxicity of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes (RPCs), including toxicity in mice and inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as previous work by Dwyer demonstrated that RPCs could be acutely toxic in mice, presumably due to their inhibition of AChE. Several ruthenium complexes were screened for their enzyme inhibitory potency which was correlated to their structural properties including size, charge, and lipophilicity. In addition, the inhibitory activity of the compounds was correlated to their animal toxicity data so as to understand the potential mode of action of the RPCs in vivo. Chapter 3 describes the synthesis of a series of novel ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes and their characterization. These complexes were prepared in an effort to tune the reduction potential of the redox-active intercalating ligand (RAIL) to potentials slightly above and below those observed for the Ru-tatpp complexes. The redox activity of ruthenium-tatpp complexes appears to be responsible for their DNA cleavage activity and these analogues, with slightly different reduction potentials, should give us additional insight into the activity of this class of RPCs. In Chapter 4, the electrochemical properties of the RPCs were measured and correlated with their ability to cause DNA cleavage under reducing conditions with GSH. Complexes with reduction potentials less (more positive) than the redox couple of GSH/GSSG were shown to efficiently cleave DNA. However complexes with higher reduction potentials than the biological reducing agent were not observed to cleave DNA under the same conditions. Cytotoxicity screening of these complexes in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines (NSCLC -- H358 and HOP-62) and breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7), as well as the non-malignant cell line (MCF-10) was performed and described in Chapter 4.

Download or read book Ruthenium Chemistry written by Ajay Kumar Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will describe Ruthenium complexes as chemotherapeutic agent specifically at tumor site. It has been the most challenging task in the area of cancer therapy. Nanoparticles are now emerging as the most effective alternative to traditional chemotherapeutic approach. Nanoparticles have been shown to be useful in this respect. However, in view of organ system complicacies, instead of using nanoparticles as a delivery tool, it will be more appropriate to synthesize a drug of nanoparticle size that can use blood transport mechanism to reach the tumor site and regress cancer. Due to less toxicity and effective bio-distribution, ruthenium (Ru) complexes are of much current interest. Additionally, lumiscent Ru-complexes can be synthesized in nanoparticle size and can be directly traced at tissue level. The book will contain the synthesis, characterization, and applications of various Ruthenium complexes as chemotherapeutic agents. The book will also cover the introduction to chemotherapy, classification of Ru- complexes with respect to their oxidation states and geometry, Ruthenium complexes of nano size: shape and binding- selectivity, binding of ruthenium complexes with DNA, DNA cleavage studies and cytotoxicity. The present book will be more beneficial to researchers, scientists and biomedical. Current book will empower specially to younger generation to create a new world of ruthenium chemistry in material science as well as in medicines. This book will be also beneficial to national/international research laboratories, and academia with interest in the area of coordination chemistry more especially to the Ruthenium compounds and its applications.

Download or read book Ruthenium Complexes written by Alvin A. Holder and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a team of highly respected researchers combining their expertise in chemistry, physics, and medicine, this book focuses on the use of rutheniumcontaining complexes in artificial photosynthesis and medicine. Following a brief introduction to the basic coordination chemistry of ruthenium complexes and their synthesis in section one, as well as their photophysical and photochemical properties, the authors discuss in detail the major concepts of artificial photosynthesis and mechanisms of hydrogen production and water oxidation with ruthenium in section two. The third section of the text covers biological properties and important medical applications of ruthenium complexes as therapeutic agents or in diagnostic imaging. Aimed at stimulating research in this active field, this is an invaluable information source for researchers in academia, health research institutes and governmental departments working in the field of organometallic chemistry, green and sustainable chemistry as well as medicine/drug discovery, while equally serving as a useful reference also for scientists in industry.

Download or read book Increasing Lipophilicity of Redox Active Ruthenium Complexes as a Means to Enhance Cytotoxicity and Reduce Animal Toxicity written by Nagham Alatrash and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dinuclear and monomeric ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [(phen)2Ru(tatpp)Ru(phen)2]Cl4 (P) and monomer [(phen)2Ru(tatpp)]Cl2 (MP) are promising candidates for anticancer drug development in terms of the observed anti-tumor activity in mouse models. These complexes contain the redox-active tatpp bridging ligand which seems to be the critical component for biological activity. Ruthenium complexes containing the tatpp ligand have been shown to cleave DNA with an inverse dependence on the [O2], exhibit selective and good cytotoxicity towards a number of cultured malignant cell lines, and have tolerable acute toxicity in mice. Significantly, the animal toxicity of P and MP is significantly less than simple ruthenium polypyridyl complexes, such as [Ru(1,10-phenanthroline)3]2+ which may be due to the enhanced lipophilicity of these complexes. This thesis is a direct test of the following hypothesis. We postulate that by increasing the lipophilicity of P and MP we can further mollify their acute toxicity and enhance their cytotoxicity towards malignant cancer cells. Chapters 1 and 2 of this thesis develop this hypothesis in terms of a review of the prior literature and our synthetic approach to construct such complexes. In Chapter 2, the details of the synthesis and characterization of four new lipophilic ruthenium-tatpp complexes based on the P and MP structures. These are (Ph2phen)2Ru(tatpp)Ru(Ph2phen)2][PF6]4 (PPh2), (Ph2phen, 4,7-diphenyl1-1,10-phenanthroline), [(Me4phen)2Ru(tatpp)Ru(Me4phen)2][PF6]4 (PMe4), (Me4phen, 3,4,7,8 tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), [(Me4phen)2Ru(tatpp)][PF6]2 (MPMe4), [(Ph2phen)2Ru(tatpp)][PF6]2 (MPPh2). All of these can be metathesized to their chloride salt, which is the preferred form for water solubility and biological testing. Chapter 3 presents the effect of these structural changes on the biological activity of the novel complexes in terms of the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) observed in mice, the IC50 values against malignant cell line, H358, and the ability of these complexes to cleave DNA, in vitro. In order to quantify the increase in lipophilicity, the partition coefficients (log P) were determined for the ruthenium complexes via the shake-flask method in PBS at pH 7.4 and octanol as well as in deionized water and octanol. It was found that the lipophilicity of these complexes increased as the lipophilic ancillary ligands changes from phen to Ph2phen and Me4phen ligands. The ability of these complexes to cleave DNA was maintained even with these ligand modifications. The cytotoxicity study against H358 cell line have revealed that the most promising activity was shown by PMe4 and PPh2 with an IC50 value of about 10 [mu]M. The lipophilic ruthenium complexes PPh2, PMe4, MPPh2, MPMe4 showed no acute animal toxicity in a screen of the MTD in Balb/c mice with doses up to 80 mg drug/Kg mouse.

Download or read book Cytotoxicity Cellular Localization and Fluorescent Microscopy of Malignant Cells Treated with Ruthenium II Complexes of the Tetraazatetrapyridopentacene Ligand written by Adam S. Dayoub and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ruthenium (II) polypyridyl complexes [(phen)2Ru(tatpp)Ru(phen)2]4+, (P) and [(phen)2Ru(tatpp)]2+, (MP) are promising anticancer activity candidates due to their observed cytotoxic effect against multiple cancer cell lines. These complexes contain a redox-active (tatpp) bridge and a cytotoxic selectivity against cancer lines that are of interest in cellular biological systems. They also exhibit the ability to regress tumor growth in mouse models and have been shown to cleave DNA with an inverse dependence with (O2). Significantly, these complexes may show a higher cytotoxic action in a hypoxic environment similar to that of tumors in vivo. This thesis is a direct test of the following hypothesis. We postulate that the ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes P and MP exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity in a hypoxic environment. We believe that against multiple cancer cell lines, P and MP will show enhanced cytotoxicity in a reduced (O2) environment. We also postulate that dsDNA, mitochondrial potential damage or a combination of both are responsible for the cytotoxic values exhibited by P and MP. The hypothesis of this thesis is that one or multiple compartments are being damaged as well as different methods of cell membrane entry attributing to the separate mechanistic ability of these complexes in situ. Chapters 2 and 3 of this thesis develop the hypothesis by an analysis of prior literature research and our biological screening approach to test the cytotoxic and intracellular mechanistic ability of these complexes. In chapter 2, the details of the enhanced cytotoxicity in a hypoxic environment are discussed for complexes P and MP against cell lines H358, HCC-2998, HOP-62 and Hs766T. The study also contrasts and compares these findings in a normoxic environment as well as against complexes that show low cytotoxicity in the same environments. Chapter 3 presents the method of cellular entry, compartment localization and possible location of cytotoxic action within the cancer cells utilizing ICP-MS and fluorescent microscopy to determine if their location corresponds to their cytotoxic effect. In 3rd chapter we will show stark contrasts between complexes P which is localized between several compartments vs. MP which was found to be highly in the cytoskeleton of cell lines H358 and HCC-2998. It was also found that these complexes exhibit active cellular membrane transport and separate endocytosis transport channels in Hs766T cells. Whereas P and MP, were both found to utilize the clathrin mediated transport channels, MP exhibited the use of lipid raft dependent endocytosis vs. P utilizing GTP couple protein transport. This study also shows the mitochondrial potential damage by complexes P and MP, utilizing fluorescent microscopy live and fixed cell imaging. Propidium iodide and JC-1 mitochondrial potential stains were used to discern the location of action between the nuclear dsDNA and mitochondrial membrane potential within H358 cells.

Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Drugs Based on Ruthenium Complex Moiety and Biologically Active Organic Compounds written by Michał Pawel Łomzik and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this thesis was synthesis and preliminary characterization of novel ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes bearing biologically active molecules as potential theranostic agents. Luminescence for the diagnostic applications, and cytotoxicity for the anticancer, therapeutic applications are considered as the theranostic properties. Four new ligands containing biologically active moieties - 5-(4-4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridine]-4-ylbut-1-yn-1-yl)pyridine-2-carbaldehyde semicarbazone (L1), 3-(5-4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridine]-4-ylpentyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (L2), 5,5-dimethyl-3-(5-4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridine]-4-ylpentyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione (L3) and [1-(5-4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridine]-4-ylpentyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]urea (L4) were synthesized and characterized. The ligands were used to obtain nine novel ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes. Six complexes were synthesized with ligand L1 ([Ru(bpy)2(L1)]2+, [Ru(Mebpy)2(L1)]2+, [Ru(tBubpy)2(L1)]2+, [Ru(Phbpy)2(L1)]2+, [Ru(dip)2(L1)]2+, [Ru(SO3dip)2(L1)]2-) and three with ligands L2, L3 and L4 ([Ru(bpy)2(L2)]2+, [Ru(bpy)2(L3)]2+, [Ru(bpy)2(L4)]2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, Mebpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2-bipyridine, tBubpy = 4,4'-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine, Phbpy = 4,4'-diphenyl-2,2-bipyridine, dip = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenantroline and SO3dip = 4,7-di-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-1,10-phenantroline). The spectroscopic and photophysical properties of those complexes were determined. The presence of ligands L1-L4 in the structure of the complex decreased luminescence quantum yield and luminescence lifetime in comparison with unmodified [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex. The theoretical calculations have shown that ligands L1-L4 do not have influence on ruthenium core geometry. However, they increased the energy of the HOMO that resulted in a shorter band gap. The simulated electronic absorption spectra were in a good agreement with the experimental data. The interactions between the studied ruthenium complexes and human serum albumin (HSA) were investigated. All studied Ru(II) complexes exhibited strong affinity to HSA with the association constant 105 M-1s-1, which suggests formation of Ru complex-HSA adducts. It was also determined that ruthenium complexes most likely bind to the hydrophobic pocket of protein, located in Sudlow's site I in the subdomain II A. Preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation for the studied ruthenium complexes showed their cytotoxic activity towards cancer cell lines. Those results, together with good luminescence properties of the studied ruthenium complexes (luminescence lifetimes and luminescence quantum yield) make them interesting candidates for potential theranostic applications.

Download or read book Cambridge Scientific Biochemistry Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-10 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Iridium Complexes in Organic Synthesis written by Luis A. Oro and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-03 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ranging from hydrogenation to hydroamination, cycloadditions and nanoparticles, this first handbook to comprehensively cover the topic of iridium in synthesis discusses the important advances in iridium-catalyzed reactions, namely the use of iridium complexes in enantioselective catalysis. A must for organic, complex and catalytic chemists, as well as those working with/on organometallics.

Download or read book Medicinal Organometallic Chemistry written by Gérard Jaouen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Gérard Jaouen, Nils Metzler-Nolte : Introduction ; Stéphane GIBAUD and Gérard JAOUEN: Arsenic - based drugs: from Fowler’s solution to modern anticancer chemotherapy; Ana M. Pizarro, Abraha Habtemariam and Peter J. Sadler : Activation Mechanisms for Organometallic Anticancer Complexes; Angela Casini, Christian G. Hartinger, Alexey A. Nazarov, Paul J. Dyson : Organometallic antitumour agents with alternative modes of action; Elizabeth A. Hillard, Anne Vessières, Gerard Jaouen : Ferrocene functionalized endocrine modulators for the treatment of cancer; Megan Hogan and Matthias Tacke : Titanocenes – Cytotoxic and Anti-Angiogenic Chemotherapy Against Advanced Renal-Cell Cancer; Seann P. Mulcahy and Eric Meggers : Organometallics as Structural Scaffolds for Enzyme Inhibitor Design; Christophe Biot and Daniel Dive : Bioorganometallic Chemistry and Malaria; Nils Metzler-Nolte : Biomedical applications of organometal-peptide conjugates; Roger Alberto : Organometallic Radiopharmaceuticals; Brian E. Mann : Carbon Monoxide – an essential signaling molecule.

Download or read book Cisplatin written by Bernhard Lippert and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 30 years after its discovery as an antitumor agent, cisplatin represents today one of the most successful drugs in chemotherapy. This book is intended to reminisce this event, to take inventory, and to point out new lines of development in this field. Divided in 6 sections and 22 chapters, the book provides an up-to-date account on topics such as - the chemistry and biochemistry of cisplatin, - the clinical status of Pt anticancer drugs, - the impact of cisplatin on inorganic and coordination chemistry, - new developments in drug design, testing and delivery. It also includes a chapter describing the historical development of the discovery of cisplatin. The ultimate question - How does cisplatin kill a cell? - is yet to be answered, but there are now new links suggesting how Pt binding to DNA may trigger a cascade of cellular reactions that eventually result in apoptosis. p53 and a series of damage recognition proteins of the HMG-domain family appear to be involved. The book addresses the problem of mutagenicity of Pt drugs and raises the question of the possible relevance of the minor DNA adducts, e.g. of interstrand cross-links, and the possible use of trans-(NH3)2Pt(II)-modified oligonucleotides in antisense and antigene strategies. Our present understanding of reactions of cisplatin with DNA is based upon numerous model studies (from isolated model nucleobases to short DNA fragments) and application of a large body of spectroscopic and other physico-chemical techniques. Thanks to these efforts there is presently no other metal ion whose reactions with nucleic acids are better understood than Pt. In a series of chapters, basic studies on the interactions of Pt electrophiles with nucleobases, oligonucleotides, DNA, amino acids, peptides and proteins are reported, which use, among others, sophisticated NMR techniques or X-ray crystallography, to get remarkable understanding of details on such reactions. Reactivity of cisplatin, once bound to DNA and formerly believed to be inert enough to stay, is an emerging phenomenon. It has (not yet) widely been studied but is potentially extremely important. Medicinal bioinorganic chemistry - the role of metal compounds in medicine - has received an enormous boost from cisplatin, and so has bioinorganic chemistry as a whole. There is hardly a better example than cisplatin to demonstrate what bioinorganic chemistry is all about: The marriage between classic inorganic (coordination) chemistry and the other life sciences - medicine, pharmacy, biology, biochemistry. Cisplatin has left its mark also on areas that are generally considered largely inorganic. The subject of mixed-valance Pt compounds is an example: From the sleeping beauty it made its way to the headlines of scientific journals, thanks to a class of novel Pt antitumor agents, the so-called "platinum pyrimidine blues". In the aftermath diplatinum (III) compounds were recognized and studies in large numbers, and now an organometalic chemistry of these diplatinum (III) species is beginning to emerge. The final section of the book is concerned with new developments such as novel di- and trinuclear Pt(II) drugs with DNA binding properties different from those of cisplatin, with orally active Pt(IV) drugs which are presently in clinical studies, and with attempts to modify combinatorial chemistry in such a way that it may become applicable to fast screening of Pt antitumor drugs. The potential of including computational methods in solving questions of Pt-DNA interactions is critically dealt with in the concluding chapter.

Download or read book Bioorganometallics written by Gérard Jaouen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first comprehensive book to cover the expanding field of bioorganometallics represents the perfect starting point for beginners but also an excellent source of high quality information for experts in the field. Edited by a pioneer in the field with an excellent standing within the community, this book begins with the history of bioorganometallics, before going on to cover pharmaceuticals, bioorganometallic chemistry and radiopharmaceuticals. A must for bioinorganic chemists, the pharmaceutical industry, chemists working in organometallics and biochemists.

Download or read book Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry written by Jonathan L. Sessler and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current diagnostic and therapeutic uses of metal-containing compounds in medicine, as well as the role of metals in disease.

Download or read book Metal based Anticancer Agents written by Angela Casini and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-based anticancer drugs are among the most successful therapeutic agents, as evidenced by the frequent prescription of selected platinum and arsenic compounds to patients. Metal-based Anticancer Agents covers the interdisciplinary world of inorganic drug discovery and development by introducing the most prominent compound classes based on different transition metals, discussing emerging concepts and enabling methods, as well as presenting key pre-clinical and clinical aspects. Recent progress on the unique features of next-generation targeted metal-based anticancer agents, including supramolecular coordination complexes used for both therapy and drug delivery, promise a bright future beyond the benefits of pure cytotoxic activity. With contributions from global leaders in the field, this book will serve as a useful reference to established researchers as well as a practical guide to those new to metallodrugs, and postgraduate students of medicinal chemistry and metallobiology.

Download or read book Chemical Epigenetics written by Antonello Mai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an authoritative review of the most significant findings about all the epigenetic targets (writers, readers, and erasers) and their implication in physiology and pathology. The book also covers the design, synthesis and biological validation of epigenetic chemical modulators, which can be useful as novel chemotherapeutic agents. Particular attention is given to the chemical mechanisms of action of these molecules and to the drug discovery prose which allows their identification. This book will appeal to students who want to know the extensive progresses made by epigenetics (targets and modulators) in the last years from the beginning, and to specialized scientists who need an instrument to quickly search and check historical and/or updated notices about epigenetics.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins written by Robert H. Kretsinger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In biochemistry, a metalloprotein is a generic term for a protein that contains a metal cofactor. The metal may be an isolated ion or may be coordinated with a nonprotein organic compound, such as the porphyrin found in hemoproteins. In some cases, the metal is co-coordinated with a side chain of the protein and an inorganic nonmetallic ion. This kind of protein-metal-nonmetal structure is seen in iron-sulfur clusters Metalloproteins deals with all aspects related to the intracellular and extracellular metal-binding proteins, including their structures, properties and functions. The biological roles of metal cations and metal-binding proteins are endless. They are involved in all crucial cellular activities. Many pathological conditions are related to the problematic metal metabolism. Research in metalloprotein-related topics is therefore rapidly growing, and different aspects of metal-binding proteins progressively enter curricula at Universities and even at the High School level on occasion. However, no key resource providing basic, but comprehensible knowledge on this rapidly expanding field exists. The Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins aims to bridge this gap, and will attempt to cover various aspects of metalloprotein/metalloproteomics and will deal with the different issues related to the intracellular and extracellular metal-binding proteins, including their structures, properties and functions. The goal is to cover exhaustively all catalytically and biologically crucial metal ions and to find at least one interacting protein for other metal ions. The Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins will provide a key resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, instructors, and professors interested in protein science, biochemistry, cell biology, and genetics.

Download or read book Catalysis without Precious Metals written by R. Morris Bullock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for chemists in industry and academia, this ready reference and handbook summarizes recent progress in the development of new catalysts that do not require precious metals. The research thus presented points the way to how new catalysts may ultimately supplant the use of precious metals in some types of reactions, while highlighting the remaining challenges. An essential copanion for organic and catalytic chemists, as well as those working with/on organometallics and graduate students. From the contents: * Catalysis Involving the H' Transfer Reactions of First-Row Transition Metals * Catalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia by Molybdenum Complexes * Molybdenum and Tungsten Catalysts for Hydrogenation, Hydrosilylation and Hydrolysis * Iron in Catalytic Alkene and Carbonyl Hydrogenation Reactions * Olefin Oligomerizations and Polymerizations Catalyzed by Iron and Cobalt Complexes * Cobalt and Nickel Catalyzed Reactions Involving C-H and C-N Activation Reactions * Development of Molecular Electrocatalysts for H2 Oxidation and Production Based on Inexpensive Metals * Nickel-Catalyzed Reductinve Couplings and Cyclizations * Copper-Catalyzed Ligand Promoted Ullmann-Type Coupling Reactions * Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition * "Frustrated Lewis Pairs": A Metal-Free Strategy for Hydrogenation Catalysis