Download or read book Effect of Protein Level Sequence Amino Acid Supplementation and of Sex on Gain Gain feed and Carcass Characteristis of Growing Swine written by Jaime Noguera Bascunan and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects on Protein Level Sequence and Sex on Rate and Efficiency of Gain of Growing Swine and on Carcass Characteristics Including Composition of Lean Tissues written by Armand R. Tjong-A-Hung and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Protein Levels and Amino Acid Supplementation on the Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing finishing Swine written by Larry Arlington Britt and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Protein Quality and Supplementation of Swine Rations with Lysine and Tryptophan Upon Nitrogen Metabolism Growth and Carcass Composition of Swine written by Donald Harris Kropf and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relationship of Dietary Protein Level to Carcass Characteristics and Growth Performance of Swine written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of amino acid digestibility values of protein feedstuffs and dietary protein content in combination with probiotic supplementation in growing pigs written by Chanwit Kaewtapee and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade, the concept of standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) has been used in diet formulation for pigs. However, there is limited data on the nutritional composition and SID of CP and AA in home-grown European soybean and rapeseed products. For full-fat soybeans (FFSB), the presence of heat-labile trypsin inhibitors may cause problems in protein digestion of pigs. Therefore, the optimization of heat treatment for FFSB is a need to reduce trypsin inhibitor activity for improving SID of CP and AA. However, excessive heat treatment may have a negative effect on protein digestion. Furthermore, reducing dietary protein levels in combination with the supplementation of Bacillus spp. may reduce feed costs and improve pigs’ gut health. As a result of the present study, home-grown European soybean and rapeseed products can be considered as a suitable alternative to imported soybean products for pigs raised in organic and conventional farming systems. Wet heating at 100°C for 16 min, together with autoclaving at 110°C from 15 to 45 min reflects optimal heat treatment for FFSB resulting in greater SID of CP and AA with lower destruction of AA. Reducing the dietary CP level is an alternative strategy to improve SID of some AA, thereby decreasing feed cost and nitrogen excretion. The supplementation of Bacillus spp. promoted gene copy numbers of Roseburia spp., which may be beneficial due to ascribed health promoting properties of this butyrate producer.
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Protein Levels and Amino Acid Supplementation on the Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing finishing Swine written by Harold Dean Wallace and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Sex Protein Level and Hormone Supplementation on the Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing finishing Swine written by Ernest William Lucas and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Effects of Level of Dietary Protein on Lysine Metabolism of Growing Pigs written by Robert Frank Klay and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Varying the Protein and Energy Levels in Growing Swine Rations written by Robert S. Lowrey and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Swine written by Subcommittee on Swine Nutrition and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-04-03 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tenth edition of this essential reference presents new knowledge about the nutritional needs of swine that consider such factors as growth rate, carcass leanness, gender, health, environment, and repartitioning agents. New sections are presented on requirements for amino acids and other nutrients. In addition, an original modeling approach to arriving at energy and amino acid needs for given animals is incorporated in this revision. The book comes with a CD-ROM that allows users to create tables of nutrient requirements for swine of a specific body weight and level of productivity. Nutrient Requirements of Swine covers: Biological concepts that underlie nutrient needs for growth and function. New data on amino acid and energy requirements and the factors that shape them. New findings on lysine and the bioavailability of amino acids. New research results on minerals and vitamins. Nutrient composition of an expanded list of feedstuffs. The role of water in swine physiology, including factors that affect the quality of drinking water. Expanded tables of feed ingredients and their nutrient composition provide bioavailability estimates, fatty acid composition of fats typically used in swine diets, and important information on estimating the amino acid content of crude protein.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Interaction of Restricted Feed Intake and Sex on Swine Performance and Carcass Quality written by Robert Hess Hines and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Reducing Dietary Protein Level and Adding Amino Acids on Performance Carcass Characteristics and Nitrogen Excretion of Finishing Pigs written by Haijun Liu and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of eight experiments utilizing 572 finishing pigs were conducted to evaluate the effect of reducing dietary protein level and adding amino acids on pig performance, carcass characteristics, and N excretion. The valine requirement of early-finishing (50 to 80 kg) barrows and the effect of adding isoleucine (Ile) and valine (Val) in amino acids fortified low-protein diets on finishing pig performance were also evaluated. In the first experiment (Exp. 1 of Chapter II), it was determined that the CP level in the diet for early-finishing (50 to 80 kg) gilts can be reduced up to four percentage units by adding Lys, Thr, Trp, and Met, with no detrimental effect on pig performance or carcass characteristics. The second study (Exp. 2 of Chapter II) indicates that Ile and/or Val may be limiting in a four-percentage-unit-protein-reduced diet for late-finishing (80 to 120 kg) gilts. The third experiment (Exp. 1 of Chapter III) indicates that the true digestible Lys requirement of early-finishing PIC barrows is not higher than 0.70%. In the fourth experiment (Exp. 2 of Chapter III), it was demonstrated that dietary protein level for early-finishing PIC barrows can be reduced up to five percentage units by adding Lys, Thr, Trp, Met, and Ile, with no detrimental effect on pig performance or carcass characteristics. Valine was not limiting in a 10.49% CP diet for early-finishing PIC barrows with ADFI of 3.1 kg/d, and the true digestible Val requirement of early-finishing PIC barrows gaining 1.0 kg/d, was not greater than 11.4 g/d. In the fifth experiment (Exp. 3 of Chapter III), we found that decreasing dietary protein level by 4.81 percentage units and adding amino acids to the diet reduced N excretion of early-finishing barrows by 40.6%. In the sixth experiment (Exp. 4 of Chapter III), it was determined that the dietary protein level for early-finishing barrows can be reduced up to four percentage units by adding Lys, Thr, Trp, and Met, with no detrimental effects on pig performance or carcass characteristics, and reducing dietary protein level by four percentage units can reduce N excretion by 38.4%. In the seventh experiment (Exp. 1 of Chapter IV), it was determined that late-finishing barrows fed an amino acid (Lys, Thr, Trp, Met, Ile, and Val) fortified corn diet (7.92% CP) have similar performance and carcass characteristics as pigs fed a corn-soybean meal control 12.50% CP diet. Deleting Ile or Val in an amino acids fortified corn diet may decrease pig performance. In the eighth experiment (Exp. 2 of Chapter IV), it was determined that late-finishing gilts fed an amino acid (Lys, Thr, Trp, Met, Ile, and Val) fortified corn diet (9.55% CP) have similar performance and carcass characteristics as pigs fed a corn-soybean meal control 15.17% CP diet. Decreasing dietary CP level from 15.17 to 9.55% decreases N excretion of late-finishing pigs by 48.28%. Deleting Ile or Val in an amino acid fortified corn diet may decrease pig performance. In summary, finishing pigs fed a low protein diet properly fortified with crystalline amino acids can have similar performance and carcass characteristics as pig fed typical protein level corn-soybean meal control diets, and N excretion will be greatly reduced.
Download or read book Influence of Diet and Sex on the Performance of Three Breeding Groups of Pigs Marketed at Three Different Weights written by Peter Joseph Skitsko and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments were designed to study the influence of high and low energy diets under conditions of limit-feeding imposed by allowing pigs access to feed for two, 1 hr periods per day on the performance of three breeding groups of pigs marketed at three different weights. The diets contained approximately 3650 and 2750 kcal digestible energy per kg and had similar ratios of crude protein, lysine, methionine and cystine and calcium to digestible energy. Performance of the pigs was based on average daily gain, average daily feed consumption, feed conversion, digestibility of energy and nitrogen, nitrogen retention and carcass characteristics. A 2x2x2x3x3 factorial design consisting of two replicates, two diets, two sexes, three breeding groups and three market weights was used in these studies. In addition a Ix2x2x3 factorial experiment consisting of one breeding group, two diets, two sexes and three market weights was used to study the aforementioned parameters under self-feeding conditions. The high energy diet significantly improved average daily gain and feed conversion as compared to the low energy diet. However, when converted to the basis of digestible energy in Experiment 1, there were no differences in energetic efficiency between the pigs fed the high and low energy diets. Males had higher average daily feed consumption and, when the high energy diet was fed they had higher average daily gain than females. The males were less efficient converters of feed to gain when the low energy diet was fed but no differences in feed conversion existed between sexes when the high energy diet was fed. A significant difference between breeding groups was found for average daily gain and feed conversion; the Duroc and Hampshire-sired groups had a higher average daily gain and were more efficient converters of feed to gain than the Yorkshire-sired group. The digestibility of dietary energy and nitrogen was not affected by sex or breeding group. Nitrogen digestibility was increased when the high energy diet was fed. Nitrogen retention was not affected by diet, sex or breeding group. Carcasses of pigs receiving the high energy diet were fatter as evidenced by higher dressing percentages, greater total backfat thickness, decreased ratio of loin area to backfat thickness, lean in the ham face, ham as a percent of carcass and Record of Performance (ROP) score. Females were superior to the males in all carcass measurements except dressing percentage where differences were not significant. The Yorkshire-sired group were inferior to the Duroc and Hampshire-sired groups in dressing percentage and loin area but were superior in carcass length. Market weight had a significant effect on carcass characteristics. Dressing percentage, carcass length and loin area were improved with increases in carcass weight while the total backfat thickness, ham as a percent of carcass and ROP score were inferior with increases in carcass weight. Feeding system had significant effects on average daily gain, average daily feed consumption and feed conversion. Self-fed pigs had higher average daily gains and average daily feed consumption but were less efficient converters of feed to gain. Carcassses of self-fed pigs were inferior to those of limit-fed pigs in total backfat thickness, loin area, ratio of loin area to backfat thickness and ROP score.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Corn distillers Dried Grains By products on the Growth Performance Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Pigs written by Alvaro Rojo Gomez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn byproducts high-protein died distillers grain (HP-DDG), and dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), and branched chain amino acids (BCAA) on the growth performance and meat quality of pigs. The first study evaluated the combined effect of dietary level of DDGS and HP-DDG on the growth performance of wean-finish pigs and carcass and pork quality characteristics. This study demonstrated that DDGS can be included at up to 30% in diets (without HP-DDG) without compromising growth performance of wean-to-finish pigs. However, growth performance was increasingly compromised at higher inclusion levels of both co-products and belly firmness was negatively affected by increasing levels of both DDGS and HP-DDG. A second experiment was designed to define the minimum CP level and whether non-essential amino acids become limiting in low crude protein diets for late finishing pigs. The results of this study demonstrated that late finishing pigs can be fed diets with 9.76% crude protein level supplemented with 0.32 % L-Lys HCL and other essential amino acids without affecting growth rate and that non-essential amino acids were not limiting in the low crude protein diets evaluated. A third study was designed to recreate the negative effects on growth performance of feeding diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion level and to test if the negative effect of feeding high HP-DDG levels on growth performance can be reproduced by adding excess branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) to standard corn-soybean meal based diet. The results show that the reduction in the growth rates of growing pigs fed diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels may be due to the dietary excesses of leucine present in diets with HP-DDG at 30% inclusion levels. The same effect was not present in finishing pigs. In general, growth performance and belly quality are compromised at higher inclusion levels of both HP-DDG and DDGS. The results of the last studies indicate that leucine level may play an important role on the reduction of the growth performance of pigs fed 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels.
Download or read book Food Science and Technology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
