Download or read book Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Uptake by Plants Under Three Water Levels written by Mengsteab Gebreselassie and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Corn Zea Mays L Under Water Table Management written by Ajay Singh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Drainage and water table management are essential for crop production in humid regions. Water table management not only increases crop yield, but also reduces nitrate leaching to water bodies. This study investigated the water and nitrogen use efficiency of corn under two water management conditions and three nitrogen fertilizer levels. The sap flow heat balance method was used to measure the daily water uptake of corn, over an extended period of the growing season. The impacts of climate change on grain corn and biomass yield in eastern Canada under tile drained conditions was also evaluated over a 30 year future period (2040 to 2069). The study was conducted at a field scale in 2008 and 2009 at St. Emmanuel, Quebec. The two water management conditions were: conventional drainage (FD), and controlled drainage with subirrigation (CD-SI). The three nitrogen (N) fertilizer treatments (low, medium, and high N) were applied in a strip across three blocks. The seasonal water balance indicated that the plants in the CD-SI plots had more water than required in the wet periods, despite the system automation, while the FD plots exhibited deficit water conditions. Water could be saved in the wet periods by better regulating water supplied by subirrigation. However, in dry years, the CD-SI system increased yield. The grain corn water use efficiency (WUE) for FD plots was 2.49 and 2.46 kg m-3, in 2008 and 2009, respectively. In these years, the grain WUE for CD-SI plots was 2.43 and 2.26 kg m-3. Water management treatments demonstrated significant difference (p 0.05) in grain yields in 2009, at low and high nitrogen levels. However, at the medium nitrogen level, water management demonstrated no significant effect (p 0.05) on grain yields. The two water treatments had no effect on the above-ground dry biomass yields in both years. Mean nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of grain corn and biomass varied from 27 to 99 kg kg-1. Highest NUE (99 kg kg-1) was observed under low N (~120 kg N ha-1) and lowest NUE (41 kg kg-1) occurred in the high N (~260 kg N ha-1). This might be due to higher nitrogen losses due to leaching, residual nitrogen in the soil, and more denitrification in high N plots. The rate of plant water uptake measured by the sap flow method, varied from 3.55 to 5.11 mm d-1 from silking to full dent stage of corn growth. These rates were consistent with ETc calculated by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method (3.70 to 5.93 mm d-1) for both years. Although, silking is considered as a critical stage for corn growth, water demand was highest at the milk stage (45.63 to 59.80 mm). Transpiration during this stage constituted 10 to12% of the total water requirement of the corn for the season. The silking to full dent stage accounted for approximately 40% of the total water requirement of the crop. The STICS (JavaStics v1.0) crop model was used to examine the impacts of climate change, under the B1 emissions scenario, on corn yield from 2040-2069. The model was calibrated using 2008 field measured data, and then validated using the 2009 data set. Corn grain yield was underestimated by 1.5 to 2.6 Mg ha-1 for the two years of measurement. Total dry biomass was also underestimated by 0.9 to 2.6 Mg ha-1. Simulations for the B1 emissions scenario using synthetic weather data was run under the same crop conditions as in 2008. Tukey's studentized range (HSD) test of corn grain yield indicated that yields at high and low N, and high and medium N were different at the 95% confidence level. Grain and biomass production from 2040-2069 under B1 emissions scenario responded differently (p 0.05) for the three N treatments. However, the Mann-Kendall test showed neither increasing nor decreasing trend (MK-stat - 1.96) at a 95% confidence level. " --
Download or read book Residual Effects of Fall and Spring applied Nitrogen Fertilizers on Crop Yields in the Southeastern United States written by Robert W. Pearson and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen fertilizer broadcast in November or December on widely different soils at seven locations in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi during 1955-59 was only 49 percent as effective as nitrogen fertilizer applied the following spring when measured by corn yields. In terms of nitrogen recovered, the relative effectiveness was 62 percent. There were no consistent differences among the five nitrogen sources applied in the fall as measured by corn yields, but nitrogen recovery tended to be lower from urea than from the other sources. Considerable residual effects of spring-applied nitrogen were found over a period of 16 months based on both yield and nitrogen uptake by the crops. Average uptakes of 25 and 34 pounds per acre of additional nitrogen were made by the second and third crops, respectively, from the 200-pound original application. This residual nitrogen produced average yield increases of 1,600 pounds of dry forage and 19 bushels of corn per acre. These results emphasize the economic importance of residual nitrogen and the need for soil test procedures for its estimation.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis seminated by the Center for lnformation and Numerica/ Data Analysis and Synthesis (C/NDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac tivity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficia! to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After fi ve years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of ali concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and App/ied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. Ali back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 21 (thesis year 1976) a total of 10,586 theses titles from 25 Canadian and 219 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work.
Download or read book Crop Evolution Adaptation and Yield written by L. T. Evans and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-05-02 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this major 1993 work, Lloyd Evans provides an integrated view of the domestication, adaptation and improvement of crop plants, bringing together genetic diversity, plant breeding, physiology and aspects of agronomy. Considerations of yield and maximum yield provide continuity throughout the book. Food, feed, fibre, fuel and pharmaceutical crops are all discussed. Cereals, grain legumes and root crops, both temperate and tropical, provide many of the examples, but pasture plants, oilseeds, leafy crops, fruit trees and others are also considered. After the introductory chapter, the increasing significance of crop yields to the world's food supply is highlighted. The next three chapters consider changes to crop plants over the last ten thousand years, including domestication, adaptation and improvement. Aimed at research workers and advanced students in crop physiology and ecology, agronomy and plant breeding, this book also reaches conclusions of relevance to those concerned with developmental policy, agricultural research and management, environmental quality, resource depletion and human history.
Download or read book Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Seasonal Uptake of Nitrogen by the Corn Plant as Influenced by Fertilization written by Rodolfo Plinio Peregrina and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertilizer Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertilizer Effects on Corn Production Under Irrigation at Oakes written by Armand Bauer and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Irrigation Water and Nitrogen on Physiological Traits Yield and Quality of Silage Corn written by Abdelaziz Nilahyane and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field studies on corn for silage were conducted at the University of Wyoming Research and Extension Center located in Powell, Wyoming during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The objectives of the study were to: determine the effect of irrigation water and nitrogen (N) on growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of corn for silage grown under sub-surface drip irrigation (SDI) and on-surface drip irrigation (ODI) systems; determine the effect of irrigation strategies and N on dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive value of corn for silage grown under both SDI and ODI systems; investigate the effect of limited water on growth, physiological attributes, and WUE of corn for silage; and evaluate irrigation water and N management strategies of corn for silage at multiple locations using a simulation approach. The field studies were laid out as a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with four replications under the SDI and three replications under the ODI. Irrigation was the main treatment and included three strategies based on the crop evapotranspiration (ETc): full irrigation (100ETc), 80ETc, and 60ETc. Nitrogen was the sub-treatment and included 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 kg N ha−1 as urea-ammonium-nitrate aqueous solution. Results showed that irrigation water and N fertilization strategies affected canopy height, leaf area index (LAI), DM yield, WUE, and irrigation WUE of corn for silage under SDI and ODI systems. The effect of irrigation water was significant during the late vegetative and early reproductive growth stages, suggesting that these are the critical stages to avoid water stress. The combination of 80ETc and 180 kg N ha−1 worked well and could be used for silage corn production in semi-arid conditions. Under SDI, the irrigation water strategies did not affect the nutritive value of corn for silage. On the other hand, significant effect of N rates on crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) was observed. Similarly, the irrigation water strategies under the ODI showed little to no effect on the nutritive value of corn for silage. Our results showed no effect of N on nutritive value of corn for silage when delivered via ODI. Data suggests that 200 kg N ha−1 and 253 mm of seasonal water use and 180 kg N ha−1 and 280 mm of seasonal water use might be optimal combinations for yield and nutritive value of corn for silage grown under SDI and ODI systems, respectively. The crop physiological responses to water showed that water stress during the period from V14 to R2 growth stages affected photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rates, indicating that these stages are critical to water needs of corn for silage. The simulated results indicated that irrigation water and N fertilizer rate affected LAI, aboveground biomass, N uptake, and WUE of silage corn grown at different locations in Wyoming. The simulated results indicated 100ETc × 180 kg N ha−1 as most suitable for high yield production of silage corn across locations in Wyoming. The model outputs for scenario of no water and N limitations (potential yield) suggested that an increase to as much as 61% on corn biomass could be achieved if irrigation water and N practices are well managed. Overall, results from field research and those from simulations suggest that irrigation water strategy, N fertilizer rate, and timing are key factors affecting growth, yield, and physiology of corn for silage grown in the semi-arid conditions in Wyoming.
Download or read book Effect of Post planting Soil Surface Residue Levels on Corn Performance in the Semiarid Northern Great Plains written by Armand Bauer and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen Fertilizer Management to Reduce Water Pollution Potential written by Robert G. Hoeft and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen in the Environment Sources Problems and Management written by R.F. Follett and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-12-03 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems, and Management is the first volume to provide a holistic perspective and comprehensive treatment of nitrogen from field, to ecosystem, to treatment of urban and rural drinking water supplies, while also including a historical overview, human health impacts and policy considerations. It provides a worldwide perspective on nitrogen and agriculture. Nitrogen is one of the most critical elements required in agricultural systems for the production of crops for feed, food and fiber. The ever-increasing world population requires increasing use of nitrogen in agriculture to supply human needs for dietary protein. Worldwide demand for nitrogen will increase as a direct response to increasing population. Strategies and perspectives are considered to improve nitrogen-use efficiency. Issues of nitrogen in crop and human nutrition, and transport and transformations along the continuum from farm field to ground water, watersheds, streams, rivers, and coastal marine environments are discussed. Described are aerial transport of nitrogen from livestock and agricultural systems and the potential for deposition and impacts. The current status of nitrogen in the environment in selected terrestrial and coastal environments and crop and forest ecosystems and development of emerging technologies to minimize nitrogen impacts on the environment are addressed. The nitrogen cycle provides a framework for assessing broad scale or even global strategies to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Growing human populations are the driving force that requires increased nitrogen inputs. These increasing inputs into the food-production system directly result in increased livestock and human-excretory nitrogen contribution into the environment. The scope of this book is diverse, covering a range of topics and issues from furthering our understanding of nitrogen in the environment to policy considerations at both farm and national scales.
Download or read book Directory Fertilizer Research in the U S written by Victor L. Sheldon and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Directory lists 1425 recent and current fertilizer projects concerned with agronomic, economic, and marketing research in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
Download or read book Effect of Tillage and Nitrogen Rate on Soil NO3 N Levels Plant N Uptake and Yield of Corn written by Walter Bernard Gordon and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Biotechnology written by Agnès Ricroch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in easy to follow language, the book presents cutting-edge agriculturally relevant plant biotechnologies and applications in a manner that is accessible to all. This book updates and introduces the scope and method of plant biotechnologies and molecular breeding within the context of environmental analysis and assessment, a diminishing supply of productive arable land, scarce water resources and climate change. New plant breeding techniques including CRISPR-cas system are now tools to meet these challenges both in developed countries and in developing countries. Ethical issues, intellectual property rights, regulation policies in various countries related to agricultural biotechnology are examined. The rapid developments in plant biotechnology are explained to a large audience with relevant examples. New varieties of crops can be adapted to new climatic conditions in order to reduce pest-associated losses and the adverse abiotic effects
Download or read book Groundwater Nitrate Levels and Corn Yields Under Three Nitrogen Treatments on a Clay Loam and Loamy Sand written by Charissa L. Yang and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
