Download or read book Effect of Fuel Composition and Exhaust Oxidation Catalyst on Performance and Emissions of a Lean burn Natural Gas Engine written by Anthony W. Newlin and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Fuel Composition on Regulated Emissions from a Lean burn Closed Loop Controlled Natural Gas Engine at High Altitude written by Michael S. Graboski and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this test program was to determine the effect of natural gas composition on regulated emissions and performance of a Cummins B5.9G engine. This engine is a lean-burn, closed loop control, spark ignited, dedicated natural gas engine. Testing was conducted at 5,280 ft above sea level. This engine was thought to represent the state-of-the-art in production lean-burn natural gas engine technology at the time the test program was initiated. Five different natural gas fuels were evaluated. Methane content ranged from 76.9 to 90.3% and inerts content from 3.6 to 17.3%. The engine was found to operate well on all gases and net BTU based fuel economy was not effected by gas composition. CO and PM emissions were unaffected by gas composition. NOX emissions were also unaffected. THC emissions trended downwards with increasing fuel heating value but no such trend was observed for NMHC. Emissions from this engine were below all current or proposed standards for heavy duty engines on all fuels tested.

Download or read book Particulate Emissions from Vehicles written by Peter Eastwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public health risks posed by automotive particulate emissions are well known. Such particles are sufficiently small to reach the deepest regions of the lungs; and moreover act as carriers for many potentially toxic substances. Historically, diesel engines have been singled out in this regard, but recent research shows the need to consider particulate emissions from gasoline engines as well. Already implicated in more than one respiratory disease, the strongest evidence in recent times points to particle-mediated cardiovascular disorders (strokes and heart attacks). Accordingly, legislation limiting particulate emissions is becoming increasingly stringent, placing great pressure on the automotive industry to produce cleaner vehicles - pressure only heightened by the ever-increasing number of cars on our roads. Particulate Emissions from Vehicles addresses a field of increased international interest and research activity; discusses the impact of new legislation globally on the automotive industry; and explains new ways of measuring particle size, number and composition that are currently under development. The expert analysis and summary of the state-of-the-art, which encompasses the key areas of combustion performance, measurement techniques and toxicology, will appeal to R&D practitioners and engineers working in the automotive industry and related mechanical fields, as well as postgraduate students and researchers of engine technology, air pollution and life/ environmental science. The public health aspects will also appeal to the biomedical research community.

Download or read book Technical Literature Abstracts written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Fuel Composition on the Operation of a Lean Burn Natural Gas Engine written by Nigel N. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Fuel Composition on Exhaust Emissions from a Spark ignition Engine written by Ralph David Fleming and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reduced Emissions and Fuel Consumption in Automobile Engines written by Fred Schäfer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last several years, there has been much discussion on the interrelation of CO2 emissions with the global warming phenomenon. This in turn has increased pressure to develop and produce more fuel efficient engines and vehicles. This is the central topic of this book. It covers the underlying processes which cause pollutant emissions and the possibilities of reducing them, as well as the fuel consumption of gasoline and diesel engines, including direct injection diesel engines. As well as the engine-related causes of pollution, which is found in the raw exhaust, there is also a description of systems and methods for exhaust post treatment. The significant influence of fuels and lubricants (both conventional and alternative fuels) on emission behavior is also covered. In addition to the conventional gasoline and diesel engines, lean-burn and direct injection gasoline engines and two-stroke gasoline and diesel engines are included. The potential for reducing fuel consumption and pollution is described as well as the related reduction of CO2 emissions. Finally, a detailed summary of the most important laws and regulations pertaining to pollutant emissions and consumption limits is presented. This book is intended for practising engineers involved in research and applied sciences as well as for interested engineering students.

Download or read book Lean NOx Trap Catalysis for Lean Burn Natural Gas Engines written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the nation's demand for energy grows along with concern for the environment, there is a pressing need for cleaner, more efficient forms of energy. The internal combustion engine is well established as one of the most reliable forms of power production. They are commercially available in power ranges from 0.5 kW to 6.5 MW, which make them suitable for a wide range of distributed power applications from small scale residential to large scale industrial. In addition, alternative fuels with domestic abundance, such as natural gas, can play a key role in weaning our nations dependence on foreign oil. Lean burn natural gas engines can achieve high efficiencies and can be conveniently placed anywhere natural gas supplies are available. However, the aftertreatment of Nox emissions presents a challenge in lean exhaust conditions. Unlike carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, which can be catalytically reduced in lean exhaust, NOx emissions require a net reducing atmosphere for catalytic reduction. Unless this challenge of NOx reduction can be met, emissions regulations may restrict the implementation of highly efficient lean burn natural gas engines for stationary power applications. While the typical three-way catalyst is ineffective for NOx reduction under lean exhaust conditions, several emerging catalyst technologies have demonstrated potential. The three leading contenders for lean burn engine de-NOx are the Lean NOx Catalyst (LNC), Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and the Lean Nox Trap (LNT). Similar to the principles of SCR, an LNT catalyst has the ability to store NOx under lean engine operation. Then, an intermittent rich condition is created causing the stored NOx to be released and subsequently reduced. However, unlike SCR, which uses urea injection to create the reducing atmosphere, the LNT can use the same fuel supplied to the engine as the reductant. LNT technology has demonstrated high reduction efficiencies in diesel applications where diesel fuel is the reducing agent. The premise of this research is to explore the application of Lean NOx Trap technology to a lean burn natural gas engine where natural gas is the reducing agent. Natural gas is primarily composed of methane, a highly stable hydrocarbon. The two primary challenges addressed by this research are the performance of the LNT in the temperature ranges experienced from lean natural gas combustion and the utilization of the highly stable methane as the reducing agent. The project used an 8.3 liter lean burn natural gas engine on a dynamometer to generate the lean exhaust conditions. The catalysts were packaged in a dual path aftertreatment system, and a set of valves were used to control the flow of exhaust to either leg during adsorption and regeneration.

Download or read book Alternate Fuels Engine Performance and Emissions written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Technical Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biodiesel Combustion Performance and Emissions Characteristics written by Semakula Maroa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on biodiesel combustion, including biodiesel performance, emissions and control. It brings together a range of international research in combustion studies in order to offer a comprehensive resource for researchers, students and academics alike. The book begins with an introduction to biodiesel combustion, followed by a discussion of NOx formation routes. It then addresses biodiesel production processes and oil feedstocks in detail, discusses the physiochemical properties of biodiesel, and explores the benefits and drawbacks of these properties. Factors influencing the formation of emissions, including NOx emissions, are also dealt with thoroughly. Lastly, the book discusses the mechanisms of pollution and different approaches used to reduce pollutants in connection with biodiesel. Each approach is considered in detail, and diagrams are provided to illustrate the points in line with industry standard control mechanisms.

Download or read book Evaluation of the Performance and Air Pollutant Emissions of Heavy duty Vehicles Operating on Various Natural Gas Blends written by Georgios Karavalakis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Kirk Othmer Concise Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 2 Volume Set written by Kirk-Othmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-07-16 with total page 2762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an easily-accessible two-volume encyclopedia summarizing all the articles in the main volumes Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Fifth Edition organized alphabetically. Written by prominent scholars from industry, academia, and research institutions, the Encyclopedia presents a wide scope of articles on chemical substances, properties, manufacturing, and uses; on industrial processes, unit operations in chemical engineering; and on fundamentals and scientific subjects related to the field.

Download or read book Structured Catalysts and Reactors written by Andrzej Cybulski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-10-24 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering discussions of structured catalysts and up-to-date approaches to catalytic processes, this work describes monolithic, membrane and arranged catalysts for use in two- and three-phase processes. It examines catalyst preparation, characterization, process development, modelling and optimization, as well as reactor design and operation.

Download or read book Critical Topics in Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment written by Peter Eastwood and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topics most critical to exhaust gas aftertreatment are described in depth: the problems which need to be overcome, and the possible solutions currently under investigation. After treatment is covered as an emissions subject in its own right; and all components of the entire system are included, not just catalysts. Highly technical issues are presented in a way that makes them readily accessible to the non-specialist. It Includes 700 references.

Download or read book Handbook of Combustion Emrw Update written by Maximilian Lackner and published by . This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and updated edition of "Handbook of Combustion" - the standard work on this topic - comes with 30% more content and an extended new editorial team with two more renowned experts. The new edition combines the strength of the previous one while increasing the scope by additional chapters on unconventional natural gas, boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) and smog formation, and by expanding existing topics, e.g., biofuels and chemical looping combustion. The work is divided in five topics: 1) Fundamentals and Safety, 2) Combustion Diagnostics and Pollutants, 3) Gaseous and Liquid Fuels, 4) Solid Fuels, and 5) New Technologies. Cross-references in and between the topics guide the reader to the content of interest and provide access to additional subjects. This major reference summarizes all significant information on combustion such as the chemistry, physics, and modeling of combustion processes, spectroscopic methods, safety regulations, pollutants formation, fuel types and, not the least, environmental impacts. The Handbook of Combustion is a complete and impressive work written for academic as well as industrial researchers and developers. Reviewer quotes (amazon): "... the entire area of combustion, including gasification and new technologies, is described in a clear and comprehensive way." "... this is a unique handbook, which closes a big gap in the literature."

Download or read book Ullmann s Energy written by Wiley-VCH and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 1442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-volume handbook contains a wealth of information on energy sources, energy generation and storage, fossil and renewable fuels as well as the associated processing technology. Fossil as well as renewable fuels, nuclear technology, power generation and storage technologies are treated side by side, providing a unique overview of the entire global energy industry. The result is an in-depth survey of industrial-scale energy technology. Your personal ULLMANN’S: A carefully selected "best of" compilation of topical articles brings the vast knowledge of the Ullmann’s encyclopedia to the desks of energy and process engineers Chemical and physical characteristics, production processes and production figures, main applications, toxicology and safety information are all found here in one single resource New or updated articles include classical topics such as coal technologies, oil and gas as well as cutting-edge technologies like biogas, thermoelectricty and solar technology 3 Volumes

Download or read book Lean Burn Natural Gas Engine Exhaust Remediation Using Nanostructured Catalysts and Coatings written by Mark D. Fokema and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed nanocrystalline catalytic systems with excellent thermal stability that reduce NO, CR4 and CO emissions from exhaust streams containing excess oxygen. Magnesium oxide, yttrium oxide and samarium oxide catalysts were synthesized using a controlled wet-chemical precipitation technique. This process produces nanocrystalline, high surface area metal oxide powders that can be easily coated onto monoliths and substrates. Greater than 50% conversion of NO to N2 was achieved in excess O2 at high space velocities with the nanocrystalline oxide catalysts. Nanostructured barium hexaaluminate coated with manganese oxide was used to aid in the complete oxidation of CO and CR4. The nanocrystalline oxide systems have superior hydrothermal stability compared to noble metal and zeolitic catalysts. Presence of water vapor in the feed stream resulted in only a slight loss of activity for the nanocrystalline Y2O3 system, the full activity of which was restored upon removal of water from the feed stream.