Download or read book Effect of Cu Doping and Annealing on Physical Properties of CdS Films written by Tariq Abdul-Hameed Abbas and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Binary compound semiconductor of (CdS) and copper doped (CdS: Cu) thin films have been deposited onto glass substrates at substrate temperature (T =653 K) by spray technique. Different doped films were prepared using different concentrations of Cu (0.1-2%). The effect of copper doping on some physical properties of the prepared films of thickness (0.9 0.05 um) was investigated. The structural, optical and electrical properties of the films have been studied using X-ray diffraction, optical transmission spectra and electrical conductivity respectively. These properties were found to be strongly dependent on the doping concentration. The polycrystalline films with a hexagonal structure for undoped and a mixed (hexagonal+cubic) structure for doped films have been obtained. The optical band gap of these films was found to be decreased from 2.451 to 2.410 eV with increase Cu concentration. The electrical conductivity of these films was found to be decreased initially with increasing Cu concentration, while it started to increase for doping values over 1% of Cu, and a conversion of the conductivity type of the films (from n-type to p-type) was observed at doping level above 1%.
Download or read book Fabrication and Physical Properties of CdS ZnTe and ZnSe Thin Films written by Zuliqar Ali and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The II-VI compound semiconductor thin films (CdS, ZnTe and ZnSe) have been prepared by different methods such as electron beam vacuum evaporation, closed space sublimation and two-sourced thermal evaporation. The effects of deposition parameters are discussed in detail, structural, optical and electrical properties have been studied. In spite of that the main goal is to get comparatively high electrical conductivity of the films, the optical properties of the films were also very important from the application point of view. For reducing the resistivity of II-VI group semiconductor thin films, doping with different materials were performed using an ion exchange method. These films have been doped with (Cu, Ag) dopant to make it p-type. The ion exchange parameters such as solution temperature, concentration and immersion time, and its effect on the speed of the process and further on the status of the resulting films was carefully determined and analyzed. Also the effect of post heat treatment, on the physical properties and the composition of the resulting films are discussed in detail.
Download or read book EFFECT OF DOPING ON DIFFERENT PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTING THIN FILMS written by Dr. Vinod Deoram Bhabad and published by Shashwat Publication. This book was released on 2023-02-12 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hard work is going on in finding novel resources for solar power alteration. Dual essential parameters must be considered in manufacturing of such materials. They are optical gap corresponding to solar range and affordability of fabrication price. Between the materials of abundant attention are crystalline metal chalcogenides. Numerous semiconducting photoelectrodes were comprehensively considered for electrochemical generation of current by using radiation in terms of continuous and effective trap as well as exchange of solar power. This dissertation illustrate the synthesis and characterization of polycrystalline cadmium selenide/trivalent ion like aluminum doped cadmium selenide/ monovalent ion like copper doped cadmium selenide thin films. Solar cells maintain great hopes to be used an environmental friendly and economically feasible renewable power sources. For this purpose semiconductor materials are being investigated. In the present investigation, deposition of cadmium selenide/aluminum and copper doped cadmium selenide samples by dip method applying amorphous as well as metallic templates. Aluminum trichloride, cadmium sulfate, ammonia,trichloroacetic acid, aluminum trichloride, sodium selenosulphate and copper chloride were utilized to deposit the samples. Diverse depositary considerations were outlined to acquired excellent samples. The materials have been characterized via XRD technique, SEM method, optical absorption measurement and electrical characteristics. The sample undergoes photoelectrochemical and thermoelectrical determination. Cadmium selenide films show dark red in color. For aluminum and copper doped samples different shades and dark brown color was obtained correspondingly. The extreme thickness of cadmium selenide became observed 0.54μm, aluminum doped sample indicates 0.74 μm as well as 0.70μm for copper doped samples. Each sample indicates hexagonal structure. Cadmium selenide and aluminum doped sample represents a strong peak o
Download or read book Thin Films written by Dongfang Yang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-03-29 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thin film is a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers in thickness. Thin films have been employed in many applications to provide surfaces that possess specific optical, electronic, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties. Through ten chapters consisting of original research studies and literature reviews written by experts from the international scientific community, this book covers the deposition and application of thin films.
Download or read book Issues in Optics Light Laser Infrared and Photonic Technology 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Optics, Light, Laser, Infrared, and Photonic Technology: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Fluorescence. The editors have built Issues in Optics, Light, Laser, Infrared, and Photonic Technology: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Fluorescence in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Optics, Light, Laser, Infrared, and Photonic Technology: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Handbook of Chalcogen Chemistry written by Francesco Devillanova and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-07-25 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Chalcogen Chemistry: New Perspectives in Sulfur, Selenium and Tellurium provides an overview of recent developments, particularly from the last decade, on the chemistry of the chalcogen group elements (S, Se and Te). While up to a few decades ago, chalcogen chemistry was mainly centred on sulphur, in recent years the research based on Se and Te has increased dramatically, and has created huge scope for the use of compounds based on this type of chemistry. The Handbook is organised into two parts, the first of which deals systematically with the chemistry of chalcogens in relation to other group elements in the periodic table. It also includes an overview of metal-chalcogenides and metal-polychalcogenides. The second part reflects the interdisciplinary nature of chalcogen chemistry and focuses on biological, materials and supramolecular aspects of the field. This Handbook gives a comprehensive overview on recent developments over the last decade and is ideal for researchers in the field.
Download or read book Recent Trends in Materials and Devices written by Vinod Kumar Jain and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-20 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Trends in Materials and Devices, which was conceived as a major contribution to large-scale efforts to foster Indian research and development in the field in close collaboration with the community of non-resident Indian researchers from all over the world. The research articles collected in this volume - selected from among the submissions for their intrinsic quality and originality, as well as for their potential value for further collaborations - document and report on a wide range of recent and significant results for various applications and scientific developments in the areas of Materials and Devices. The technical sessions covered include photovoltaics and energy storage, semiconductor materials and devices, sensors, smart and polymeric materials, optoelectronics, nanotechnology and nanomaterials, MEMS and NEMS, as well as emerging technologies.
Download or read book Emergent Research on Polymeric and Composite Materials written by Somashekar, R. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovative textile materials are used for numerous applications. Understanding the properties of such materials is imperative to ensure proper utilization. Emergent Research on Polymeric and Composite Materials is an essential reference work featuring the latest scholarly research on the synthesis, characterizations, and physico-chemical properties of textile materials. Including coverage on a range of topics such as nanomaterials, ceramics, and clays, this book is ideally designed for researchers, academicians, industries, and students seeking current research on emerging developments and applications of polymeric and composite materials.
Download or read book Cadmium based II VI Semiconducting Nanomaterials written by Abdul Majid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides technological perspective and comprehensive overview on the research efforts related to II-VI group cadmium based semiconducting nanomaterials. It describes state-of-the-art information on different synthesis methods for preparation of these materials using a variety of experimental strategies. The effects of synthesis roots on structural, thermal, mechanical, lattice vibronic, electronic, optical and carrier transport characteristics of these nano-structures are systematically analyzed. A wide target readership comprising of students, researchers, scholars, scientists, technicians, academicians, industrialists can benefit from this book, as cadmium based semiconductors possess significant research and industrial interest thanks to their innovative properties.
Download or read book Inorganic Ternary Thin Films Anaysis of Optical Properties written by Cliff Orori Mosiori and published by Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag). This book was released on 2015 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin films can be used to fabricate optoelectronic devices. Technology is currently focusing on ternary thin film composition because of their structure, inter-band transitions and other optical properties that can be maximized. This book discusses in detail the optical characteristics of ternary thin films and further investigates the behavior of Iron Zinc Sulphide, Lead Silver Sulphide, Copper Silver Sulphide, Copper Zinc Sulphide and Cadmium Zinc Sulphide. Thin films are of fundamental importance in modern technology.
Download or read book Backscattering Spectrometry written by Wei-Kan Chu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backscattering Spectrometry reviews developments in backscattering spectrometry and covers topics ranging from instrumentation and experimental techniques to beam parameters and energy loss measurements. Backscattering spectrometry of thin films is also considered, and examples of backscattering analysis are given. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an introduction to backscattering spectrometry, what it can and what it cannot accomplish, and some ""rules of thumb"" for interpreting or reading spectra. The relative strengths and weaknesses of backscattering spectrometry in the framework of materials analysis are outlined. The following chapters focus on kinematics, scattering cross sections, energy loss, and energy straggling; backscattering analysis of thin films of various degrees of complications; the influence of beam parameters; and mass and depth resolutions and their relationships to the mass and energy of projectiles. Many examples of backscattering analysis are also presented to illustrate the capability and limitation of backscattering. Backscattering applications when combined with channeling effects are considered as well. The final chapter provides a list of references on the applications of backscattering spectrometry. This monograph will be a useful resource for physicists.
Download or read book Thin Film Solar Cells written by K. L. Chopra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "You, 0 Sun, are the eye of the world You are the soul of all embodied beings You are the source of all creatures You are the discipline of all engaged in work" - Translated from Mahabharata 3rd Century BC Today, energy is the lifeline and status symbol of "civilized" societies. All nations have therefore embarked upon Research and Development pro grams of varying magnitudes to explore and effectively utilize renewable sources of energy. Albeit a low-grade energy with large temporal and spatial variations, solar energy is abundant, cheap, clean, and renewable, and thus presents a very attractive alternative source. The direct conver sion of solar energy to electricity (photovoltaic effect) via devices called solar cells has already become an established frontier area of science and technology. Born out of necessity for remote area applications, the first commercially manufactured solar cells - single-crystal silicon and thin film CdS/Cu2S - were available well over 20 years ago. Indeed, all space vehicles today are powered by silicon solar cells. But large-scale terrestrial applications of solar cells still await major breakthroughs in terms of discovering new and radical concepts in solar cell device structures, utilizing relatively more abundant, cheap, and even exotic materials, and inventing simpler and less energy intensive fabrication processes. No doubt, this extraordinary challenge in R/D has led to a virtual explosion of activities in the field of photovoltaics in the last several years.
Download or read book Study of Doping Effects on the Physical Properties of Metal Oxide Thin Films for Resistive Memory Device Applications written by 李思賢 and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern Technologies for Creating the Thin film Systems and Coatings written by Nikolay Nikitenkov and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of the thin film and coating technologies (TFCT) made possible the technological revolution in electronics and through it the revolution in IT and communications in the end of the twentieth century. Now, TFCT penetrated in many sectors of human life and industry: biology and medicine; nuclear, fusion, and hydrogen energy; protection against corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement; jet engine; space materials science; and many others. Currently, TFCT along with nanotechnologies is the most promising for the development of almost all industries. The 20 chapters of this book present the achievements of thin-film technology in many areas mentioned above but more than any other in medicine and biology and energy saving and energy efficiency.
Download or read book Cadmium Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrides with Nonpolar Surfaces written by Tanya Paskova and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-03-31 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text discusses in detail the present stage of development of nonpolar nitrides, with special emphasis on the three main topics of crystal growth, properties, and device studies. All nonpolar nitride materials and all known growth techniques which are currently under strong investigation are covered.
Download or read book Chemical Solution Deposition of Functional Oxide Thin Films written by Theodor Schneller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first text to cover all aspects of solution processed functional oxide thin-films. Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) comprises all solution based thin- film deposition techniques, which involve chemical reactions of precursors during the formation of the oxide films, i. e. sol-gel type routes, metallo-organic decomposition routes, hybrid routes, etc. While the development of sol-gel type processes for optical coatings on glass by silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide dates from the mid-20th century, the first CSD derived electronic oxide thin films, such as lead zirconate titanate, were prepared in the 1980’s. Since then CSD has emerged as a highly flexible and cost-effective technique for the fabrication of a very wide variety of functional oxide thin films. Application areas include, for example, integrated dielectric capacitors, ferroelectric random access memories, pyroelectric infrared detectors, piezoelectric micro-electromechanical systems, antireflective coatings, optical filters, conducting-, transparent conducting-, and superconducting layers, luminescent coatings, gas sensors, thin film solid-oxide fuel cells, and photoelectrocatalytic solar cells. In the appendix detailed “cooking recipes” for selected material systems are offered.
