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Book Effect of Composition on the Corrosion Behavior of 316 Stainless Steel in Flowing Sodium sup 54 Mn Release Rate

Download or read book Effect of Composition on the Corrosion Behavior of 316 Stainless Steel in Flowing Sodium sup 54 Mn Release Rate written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Type 316 stainless steel specimens irradiated and non-irradiated, with minor variations in C, N, Cr, Ni, Si, and Mn content, were exposed to flowing sodium in the Source Term Control Loop-1 facility. Test conditions of 604/sup 0/C, a sodium velocity of 6.7 m/s, and an oxygen content of 0.5 and 2.5 ppM were used to ascertain the effect of these compositional variations on the corrosion rate and on the /sup 54/Mn release rate. Variations in C, N, and Mn had no significant effect on the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate increased somewhat as the Ni and Si content of the steel was increased, and decreased with an increase in Cr content. Microprobe examination showed preferential leaching of Mn, Si, Cr, and Ni to depths of up to 10 .mu.m (0.4 mil) after exposure times ranging from 5000 to 8000 hours. Variations in natural (/sup 55/Mn) content did not affect release rates of /sup 54/Mn generated by /sup 54/Fe(n, p)/sup 54/Mn. 10 fig, 4 tables. (auth).

Book Corrosion Characteristics Mechanisms and Control Methods of Candidate Alloys in Sub and Supercritical Water

Download or read book Corrosion Characteristics Mechanisms and Control Methods of Candidate Alloys in Sub and Supercritical Water written by Donghai Xu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide comprehensive and systematic introduction and summary of corrosion characteristics, mechanisms, and control methods of candidate alloys in sub- and supercritical water environment. First of all, corrosion types of candidate alloys and the effects of major alloying elements on corrosion resistance of potential alloys in sub- and supercritical water are compared and analyzed. At the same time, research status of candidate materials, and development and application trends of several corrosion-resistant alloys are summarized. Then, corrosion characteristics of Ni-Cr, Ni-Cr-Mo, Ni-Fe-Cr and Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu corrosion-resistant alloys, FeCrAl alloy, and Zircaloy are discussed in detail, including the corrosion rate, the structure and composition of oxide film, and the effects of various surface treatment processes, etc. More specifically, it also investigates corrosion behavior of Ni-based alloy, Fe-Ni-based, and stainless steels in supercritical water. The effects of aggressive species on the corrosion behavior of Ni-base alloys are also explored in supercritical water. Readers will further discover the total corrosion processes and mechanisms of typical candidate alloys in sub- and supercritical water environment. Finally, the work explores the corrosion control methods such as ceramic coatings and passivation processes in supercritical water oxidation and in subcritical water, respectively. Future challenges and development trends of corrosion research of candidate materials in sub- and supercritical water environments are covered at the end of this book. It offers valuable reference for theoretically guiding material selection and design and operating parameter optimization of key equipment in the sub- and supercritical water technologies. The book is written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, scholars, and researchers who are interested in corrosion behavior of candidate materials of supercritical water oxidation system, supercritical water gasification system, and nuclear reactor.

Book Corrosion by Liquid Metals

Download or read book Corrosion by Liquid Metals written by J. E. Draley and published by Springer. This book was released on 1970 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Corrosion Resistant Metals Committee and the Nuclear Metallurgy Committee of the Institute of Metals Division of The Metallurgical Society of AlME sponsored a 2-1/2 day symposium on "Corrosion by Liquid Metals". The symposium was held in Philadelphia, October 13-15, 1969, during the 1969 Fall Meeting of the Metallurgical Society and the Materials Engineering Con gress of the American Society for Metals. Cosponsors included the American Society for Metals and the American Nuclear Society. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together the several aspects of the subject of corrosion by liquid metals, so that perspective could be provided on the entire subject, to help in dividuals dealing with liquid metal corrosion problems acquire a sound basis of understanding, and to provide an opportunity for discussion between those doing research in this field. An exposition of the subject is timely, in view of the in creasing development of liquid metal heat and power sources for special purposes, including heat-pipe systems, NASA's SNAP power systems, and the AEC's liquid metal fast breeder reactor system. This book contains the proceedings of the symposium divided into four separate topics: I. Corrosion of Steels by Sodium, II. Alkali-Refractory Metal Interactions, III. Corrosion by Non-Alkali Metals, and IV. Analysis of Solid-Liquid Metal Inter actions (two sessions).

Book Corrosion Abstracts

Download or read book Corrosion Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Effects of Water Radiolysis on the Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Behavior of Type 316 Stainless Steel in Pure Water

Download or read book The Effects of Water Radiolysis on the Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Behavior of Type 316 Stainless Steel in Pure Water written by William E. II. Wyllie and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steels 304 and Aluminum Alloys 6061

Download or read book Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steels 304 and Aluminum Alloys 6061 written by Nurul Izham Mohd Yusof and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical and physical properties. Instead alloys, however both materials can be attacked by corrosion which it definitely contributes to the depletion of our natural resources. The main objectives of this study were to observe the corrosion behavior of stainless steel 304 and Aluminum Alloys 6061 under variation of ph and to investigate the effect of ph variation on the surface and microstructure of stainless steel 304 and Aluminum Alloys 6061. This study was conducted by following the scopes of this project includes the sample preparation, cleaning procedure before and after test, exposure to actual condition, surface and microstructure observation using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and corrosion rate analysis by weight loss method. Under pH variation, there are three types medium of test used include acidic by Nitric Acid, alkaline by Sodium Hydroxide and Neutral by distilled water. Each sample undergoes environmental exposure for a week before the surface morphology investigation was conducted. From the experimental result during test day, there are changes in color medium of test (Nitric acid, Sodium hydroxide and distilled water) when testing both materials under variation of pH. The surface morphology of Stainless Steels and Aluminum Alloys had been observed using SEM for materials characterization. Corrosion rate was determined for all samples. It was found that Aluminum Alloy 6061 posses the highest rate of corrosion; 208.69mpy in acidic (HNO3) followed by alkaline (NaOH); 40.98mpy and lastly neutral (Distilled Water); 29.00mpy.For Stainless Steels 304, the highest corrosion rates occur in medium of Nitric acid which was 35.30 mpy while the lowest corrosion rates occur in medium of distilled water which was 2.05 mpy. The corrosion rate in medium of Sodium Hydroxide was about 7.22 mpy. Any features of corrosion failure give significant clue of the possible corrosion factor. This article details a proven approach to properly determining the effects of the pH variation and material types to the corrosion rate, and includes surface microstructure of the most common corrosion types, including crevice corrosion, pitting, and intergranular. In conclusion, pH variation influence the rate of corrosion. Because of passivation and high chromium contents, it forms a barrier or protective film on the surface and microstructure of AISI 304 thus decrease the corrosion rate compare to AA 6061. Hence, AISI 304 was proves to be the most protective sample and corrosion durable. Also, it may suggest that for engineering application under variation of pH, AISI 304 is highly recommended.

Book The Effect of Dissolved Ozone on the Corrosion Behavior of Cu 30 Ni and 304L Stainless Steel in 0 5 N NaCl Solutions

Download or read book The Effect of Dissolved Ozone on the Corrosion Behavior of Cu 30 Ni and 304L Stainless Steel in 0 5 N NaCl Solutions written by H. H. Lu and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical experiments on the effect of dissolved ozone on the corrosion behavior of Copper-30 Nickel and 304 L stainless steel have been performed in 0.5 N Sodium chloride solutions at room temperature. The experiments performed included measurements of corrosion potential as a function of time and ozone concentrations, cyclic polarization experiments, iso-potential measurements of current densities and Auger electron spectroscopy studies of the chemical composition of the corrosion product films. The results of these experiments have shown that for both Cu-based alloy and the stainless steel, the corrosion potential exhibits a marked shift to more noble values (approx. 300 mv) for ozone concentrations less the 0.2 - 0.3 mg/l. At higher ozone concentrations the corrosion potential is virtually independent of the level of ozone dissolved in the solution. The presence of dissolved ozone resulted in a reduction in the corrosion rate for the Cu-30 Ni alloy, as measured by a significant decrease in the current density at a constant applied potential. This improvement in the corrosion resistance appears to be related to a reduction in the corrosion product film thickness and a higher fraction of oxygen to chloride in the corrosion product film. For the stainless steel, Auger electron spectroscopy indicated no appreciable differences between the passive film produced in ozonated solutions versus those in unozonated solutions. Keywords: Passivity; Pitting. (AW).

Book Corrosion of Type 316 Stainless Steel with Surface Heat Flux in 1200 F Flowing Sodium

Download or read book Corrosion of Type 316 Stainless Steel with Surface Heat Flux in 1200 F Flowing Sodium written by J. HOPENFELD and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Influence of Sodium on the Low cycle Fatigue Behavior of Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel

Download or read book Influence of Sodium on the Low cycle Fatigue Behavior of Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue tests in sodium were conducted to investigate the influence of a high-temperature sodium environment on the low-cycle fatigue behavior of Types 304 and 316 stainless steel. The effects of testing in a sodium environment as well as long-term sodium exposure were investigated. The fatigue tests were conducted at 600 and 700°C in sodium of controlled purity, viz., approximately 1 ppM oxygen and 0.4 ppM carbon, at a strain rate of 4 x 10−3s−1. The fatigue life of annealed Type 316 stainless steel is substantially greater in sodium than when tested in air; however, the fatigue life of annealed Type 304 stainless steel is altered much less when tested in sodium. A 1512-h preexposure to sodium had no significant effect on the fatigue life of Type 316 stainless steel tested in sodium. However, a similar exposure substantially increased the fatigue life of Type 304 stainless steel in sodium. 10 fig. (auth).

Book Corrosion Experience with Type 316 Stainless Steel in Sodium Potassium Eutectic Alloy at 1400 Deg F

Download or read book Corrosion Experience with Type 316 Stainless Steel in Sodium Potassium Eutectic Alloy at 1400 Deg F written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Service test examinations were performed on the Type 316 stainless steel loop for circulating sodium-potassium (NaK) eutectic alloy in the Waste Calcining Facility at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant. These examinations of the stainless steel loop revealed the cumulative effects of 24,30O hours of operation at temperatures of llOO-l4OOF during the last six years. Although Type 316 stainless steel performed satisfactorily and is still being used in this service, the results showed that changes in mechanical properties and metallurgical effects occur with circulating non-isothermal NaK in contact with Type 316 stainless steel. Some mass transfer of alloying elements from the hot regions of the Type 316 stainless steel loop to the colder regions was observed. The mitigation of these effects is discussed.

Book Effect of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Behavior of SS316 Stainless Steel in Simulated Body Environment

Download or read book Effect of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Behavior of SS316 Stainless Steel in Simulated Body Environment written by Mohd Asyraf Che Azmi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is entitled about the effect of heat treatment on corrosion behavior on SS316 stainless steel in simulated body environment. Biomedical materials are very important in the modern world to manufacture the variety of prosthetic devices which are the artificial replacements for human body. These artificial replacements are use in a biological system such as the human body in an effort to provide the function of the original parts. When a metal device is implanted into human body, it is continually exposed to extracellular tissue fluid. This interaction can lead to either failure of the implant or have an adverse effect on the patient resulting in the rejection of the implant by the surrounding tissue or both. The objective of this project is to investigate the effect of stress relief on corrosion behavior of SS316 stainless steel in simulated body fluid. Stress relief had been performed to the sample with two different time and temperature. Stress relief is used to relieve stresses that remain locked in a structure as a consequence of a manufacturing sequence such as machining. The sample was prepared for electrochemical test. Electrochemical tests using a potentiostat WPG1000 have also been conducted and reported in this thesis. The corrosion rates of the alloys were then compared.