Download or read book Effect of Chelated Trace Mineral Supplements on Growth and Reproductive Performance of Cattle written by Roshan Lal and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trace Mineral Interaction on Reproductive Performance of Beef Cattle Under Range Conditions in Edwards and McCulloch Counties Texas written by John Conan Doyle and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Mineral Supplementation on Reproductive Efficiency of Beef Cows written by Felipe Guirado Dantas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductive efficiency is the major component for an economically efficient cow/calf operation and can be influenced by a number of factors such as breed, age, health and nutrition. Among the components of the diet, trace minerals are hypothesized to have a major impact reproductive efficiency in beef cattle. In order to test this specific hypothesis, a study directly evaluating the success of reproductive performance in cows fed complexed trace minerals versus inorganic trace mineral was designed. In this study, 68 cows where equally divided into treatment (cows fed with complexed trace minerals) and control (cows fed with inorganic trace minerals) groups. The cows started being fed 30 days prior to AI (d -30). Twenty-eight days after AI (d 28), all cows where diagnosed for pregnancy and non-pregnant cows where removed from the experiment. Twenty-four days after pregnancy diagnosis (d 52), pregnant cows where submitted to ovum pick-up (OPU) and a second OPU was performed on d 67. Although pregnancy rates did not differ (P = 0.33) between treatment and control, cows fed with complexed trace minerals had increased oocyte recovery (P = 0.03), in vitro embryo production (P = 0.06) and more efficient in vitro embryo production (P = 0.06). In summary, the results from this experiment demonstrated that supplementation of beef cows with a complexed source of trace minerals improves reproductive efficiency when compared to cows fed inorganic source of trace minerals.

Download or read book Trace Mineral Supplementation in Cattle Implications in Heifer Development Reproductive Performance and Fetal Programming written by Rebecca Sue Stokes and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of a Trace Mineral Injection on Beef Cattle Performance written by Carmen J. Brasche and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adequate trace mineral status is important in beef cow/calf and replacement heifer systems because trace minerals play vital roles in reproduction, immunity and growth. Many experiments have investigated the use of a trace mineral injection containing Cu, Mn, Se and Zn (TMI) on growth and immunity of beef cattle. However, very few have investigated TMI use on reproductive performance. Therefore, five experiments, a two year cow/calf experiment, and four replacement heifer experiments were designed to investigate the use of a TMI on reproductive performance of cows and heifers, calf growth and trace mineral status of cows, heifers, and calves. The use of the TMI at pre-calving and pre-breeding did not consistently improve reproductive performance of heifers and cows with good trace mineral statuses that were receiving supplemental trace minerals. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.36) in the AI pregnancy rate [48 and 38% control (CON) vs 44 and 39% TMI, year 1 and year 2, respectively] or overall pregnancy rate (93 and 93 % CON vs 93 and 90% TMI, year 1 and year 2, respectively) of cows receiving a TMI when compared to control cows during the two year trial. In experiment 1 beef heifers (Angus ́Hereford ́Simmental) were bred to fixed time AI, TMI heifers had increased overall pregnancy rates (83 vs 92%, CON vs TMI, respectively; P = 0.02). In experiment 2 beef heifers were AI bred to synchronization response, TMI had no effect (78 vs 83%, CON vs TMI, respectively, P = 0.46). Conception rates to AI and overall pregnancy were not affected by TMI use in two experiments using Black Angus beef heifers being developed in a dry lot fed adequate trace minerals in a total mixed ration. Growth of suckling calves measured as birth weight, average daily gain, actual weaning weight, and 205 d adjusted weight were not influenced by TMI. However, trace mineral status of all groups of cattle were increased with use of TMI. In heifers liver Cu and Se were increased (P

Download or read book Trace elements in animal production systems written by P. Schlegel and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book deals with trace elements, such as cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc which are essential to modern animal nutrition, but are increasingly detrimental to soil and water quality in today's globalized production. The goal in finding a sustainable balance between trace element use in animal nutrition and its impact on the environment is addressed by focussing on the following questions: - What is the trace element flow on farm, regional or national scale and which tools are available to influence the flow? - What are today's and future soil and water quality in regards to trace minerals? - What are the trace mineral loading limits in soil and water from a health and legal standpoint? - Which technologies exist to modify slurry trace element contents? - What is today's knowledge on quantitative and qualitative trace element requirements and recommended supplementation for ruminants, swine, poultry, fish and crustaceans? - What is trace element bioavailability and how can it be determined? - To which extent are trace minerals related to immune response? - What are the future issues to be addressed in trace element nutrition? This book contains the peer-reviewed papers of the first International Symposium on Trace Elements in Animal Production Systems. It is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals in the life sciences of animal nutrition, soil and water quality, for actors in the feed industry and policy making."

Download or read book Trace Mineral Impact on Reproductive Performance Immune Response and Calf Performance in Grazing Beef Cattle written by Daniel S. Baker and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Prenatal Energy Supplementation and Prenatal Ans Prebreeding Trace Mineral vitamin E Supplementation on Calf Health and Reproductive Performance on Beef Cows written by Sarah Ruth Daugherty and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pre and Postpartum Trace Mineral Supplementation written by Danny Kay Lovingier and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Pre partum and Post partum Bolus Injections of Trace Minerals on Performance of Beef Cows and Calves Grazing Native Range written by Lauren Rae Mundell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of pre- and post-partum bolus injections of a trace mineral solution on beef cow reproductive performance, body weight (BW) change, and body condition score (BCS) change and on performance of suckling calves. Mature beef cows (n = 460; initial BW = 497± 89 kg, initial BCS = 5.4± 0.74) were stratified by BCS, parity, and predicted calving date and assigned randomly to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) subcutaneous trace mineral (TM) injection containing 15 mg/mL Cu, 5 mg/mL Se, 10 mg/mL Mn, and 60 mg/mL Zn or 2) subcutaneous injection of physiological saline (SA). Injections were administered to cows (1 mL / 90 kg BW) 105 days before the first projected calving date and again 30 days before fixed-time AI. Calves received the same treatment as their dams and were injected (1 mL / 45 kg BW) at birth and again at 71± 21 days of age. Cows grazed native pastures for the duration of the study; trace mineral supplements and white salt were available to all cattle ad libitum before and during the study. Ovulation was synchronized using a 5-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol and cows were inseminated 60 to 64 hours after CIDR removal. Cows were exposed to fertile bulls for natural-service breeding 10 days after AI for 35 to 50 days. Conception to AI and final pregnancy rate were assessed 36 days after AI with ultrasound and 120 days after AI via rectal palpation. Change in BW and BCS from initiation of the study to calving and from AI to weaning did not differ (P [equal to or greater than] 0.15) between TM and SA cows. Conversely, TM cows had greater (P = 0.04) BCS increase than SA cows between calving and AI. Calf BW at birth, ADG, and age-adjusted weaning BW did not differ (P [equal to or greater than] 0.36) between treatments. Proportion of cows with estrus cycles 17 and 8 days before ovulation synchronization was similar (P [equal to or greater than] 0.51) between treatments. Conception to AI was greater (P = 0.05) for cows receiving TM (60.2%) than for cows receiving SA (51.2%); however, overall pregnancy did not differ (P = 0.24) between treatments and averaged 92%. Under the conditions of our study, pre- and post-partum TM injections improved conception to fixed-time AI by beef cows.

Download or read book Effect of Trace Mineral Amount and Source on Immune Function and Oxidative Stress In Dairy Cows written by Takashi Yasui and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty-eight multiparous Holstein cows during early to midlactation were utilized to assess effect of trace mineral amount and source on immune function and oxidative status in dairy cows. Cows were fed a diet formulated to meet or exceed NRC (2001) nutrient requirements for all nutrients except for trace minerals of interest (Zn, Cu, and Mn), which were supplied from basal ration ingredients only. In addition, all cows were fed a preliminary diet for four weeks (week -3 to week 0), containing 0.37% sulfur (dry matter basis, ration addition), 5 ppm of molybdenum from sodium molybdate (topdress), and 250 ppm of iron from iron sulfate (topdress) to decrease trace mineral absorption and status. After this four-week preliminary period, the sulfur content of the basal diet was reduced to 0.30%, the topdress of the Mo and Fe ceased, and cows were assigned to one of four dietary treatments for six weeks (week 1 to week 6) in a randomized complete block design: 1) NRC inorganic (NRC 2001 levels using inorganic trace mineral supplements only); 2) NRC organic (NRC 2001 levels using organic trace mineral supplements only); 3) Commercial inorganic (commercial levels (approximately 2X NRC requirement) using inorganic trace mineral supplements only; 4) Commercial organic (commercial levels using organic trace mineral supplements only). Supplemental inorganic Zn, Cu, and Mn were supplied using zinc sulfate monohydrate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, and manganese sulfate monohydrate, respectively. Organic trace minerals were supplied as Zn, Cu, and Mn chelated to 2-hydroxy-4-(methythio)-butanoic acid (HMTBA). All oxidative status parameters from weekly blood samples were not affected by treatments when assessed across the entire treatment period. However, there were tendencies at week 1 of treatment period for decreased glutathione peroxidase activity for cows fed trace minerals at commercial levels, decreased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma for cows fed inorganic sources of trace minerals at NRC levels, and decreased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) for cows fed organic trace mineral sources. At week 6 of treatment (one week following LPS challenge), cows fed commercial levels of trace minerals tended to have increased TAC and cows fed organic trace minerals had decreased TBARS in plasma. Plasma IgG level was higher in cows supplemented with organic trace minerals over the entire treatment period; responses assessed as differences of before and after E. coli J5 vaccination at the end of week 2 of treatment period were not significant. After LPS intramammary challenge at the end of week 5, plasma cortisol concentrations and clinical indices (rectal temperature and heart rate) increased and then decreased to prechallenge level by 48 h after the challenge. However, the extent and pattern of response of these variables to LPS challenge were not affected by trace mineral level and source. Dry matter intake, milk composition, and milk component yield were not affected by trace mineral level and source, except for a trend for increased milk true protein content for cows fed the commercial level of trace minerals. Body condition score and body weight were not affected by treatment. Overall, varying level and source of trace minerals in the diet resulted in modest effects on parameters related to oxidative stress but did not appear to markedly affect responses of cows to intramammary LPS challenge.

Download or read book Effect of Trace Mineral Form in Supplements on First calf Heifer Status Immunity Reproduction and Calf Performance written by Connie Kay Swenson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Role of Trace Minerals in Beef Cattle Fertility written by Cole R. Ratzburg and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important economic factor influenced by trace mineral deficiencies is impaired reproductive performance in both the male and female. Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn) have been shown to improve fertility in male and female beef cattle due to their roles in vitamin synthesis, hormone production, enzyme activity, collagen formation, tissue synthesis, oxygen transport, energy production, and other physiological processes related to growth, reproduction and health. A new form of trace minerals called hydroxy minerals, which is a hydrolyzed inorganic metal complex, has been shown to have a greater bioavailability than sulfate minerals and similar bioavailability compared to the organic trace minerals. The idea that hydroxy trace minerals could be more available to beef cattle led us to hypothesize that use of hydroxy forms of Cu, Zn, and Mn could improve fertility in male and female beef cattle that are transitioning into the pubertal phase. The objectives of the two studies were to determine if the use of hydroxy trace minerals could improve fertility parameters related to both the male and female beef cow. Peripubertal bulls were supplemented with hydroxy forms of Cu or Zn or Cu and Zn or no Cu and Zn in an 83-day mineral trial to determine if there were differences in liver, blood plasma, and semen mineral concentrations and subsequently breeding soundness exam (BSE) parameters, sperm morphology, and flow cytometer analysis. Results showed the use of Cu and Zn had benefits for fertility as there was improvements in flow cytometer parameters and sperm morphology. Heifers were supplemented with sulfate and hydroxy forms of Cu, Zn, and Mn to determine if the different forms of trace minerals could affect feed intake parameters such as average daily gain, dry matter intake, residual feed intake, and feed to gain ratio and the fertility parameters: percent cycling and percent conception. Results indicated that there were no differences in feed intake parameters between treatments, but there was a positive benefit observed with the hydroxy trace minerals on conception percentage.

Download or read book Effects of Trace Mineral Supplementation in Lactating Dairy Cattle written by Mathew J. Faulkner and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments were designed to study the effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn supplementation on production, gene expression of trace mineral transporters expressed in the milk fat globular membrane (MFGM), milk fatty acid (FA) profiles, digestibility, and fecal bacteria relative abundance in lactating dairy cattle. In experiment 1, 30 Holstein cows were fed diets devoid of supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn (basal diet provided 8, 41, and 41mg/kg, respectively) for 30 d and were then split into three treatment groups: one group remained on the unsupplemented diet; the second and third groups were fed a diet supplemented with Cu, Zn and Mn from sulfates (assayed total dietary concentrations = 17, 60, and 55mg/kg, respectively) or glycinates (assayed total dietary concentrations = 20, 66, and 58mg/kg, respectively) for 30 d. Milk yield (averaged 29.2 kg/d), DMI (averaged 3.55% of BW or 22.5 kg/d) as a percent of BW, and milk components were not affected by treatment. Feeding supplemental minerals decreased iso-15:0, anteiso-15:0, iso-17:0, and 16:1+anteiso-17:0 branched-chain fatty acids (FA) and tended to increase trans-10 18:1 as percentages of total FA in milk fat. Trans-10 18:1 was greater (0.76 vs 0.50%) for cows fed sulfate minerals compared to glycinate sources. Gene expression (via qPCR) of metallothionein (1.51 vs 0.77 2(-delta Ct)) in MFGM were greater for multiparous cows than primiparous. Expression of a zinc transporter, ZIP8, was greater (3.37 vs 2.06 and 2.65 2(-delta Ct)) for cows not fed supplemental minerals compared to cows fed sulfate and glycinate sources, respectively. In experiment 2, Eighteen multiparous cows were used in a split-plot replicated Latin square with two 28 d periods to evaluate the effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn source (sulfates or hydroxy; Micronutrients Inc., Indianapolis, IN) and dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) source (forage-based control diet = 26% NDF vs byproduct = 36%) on total-tract nutrient digestibility, mineral balance, and gene expression of trace mineral transporters in the MFGM. During the entire experiment (56 d) cows remained on the same fiber treatment but source of supplemental trace mineral was different for each 28 d period so all cows were exposed to both mineral treatments. During each of the two 28 d periods cows were fed no supplemental Cu, Zn, or Mn for 16 d followed by 12 d of feeding supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn from either sulfates or hydroxy sources. Basal Cu, Zn, and Mn concentrations for the control diet were 9, 30, and 38mg/kg, respectively; while basal concentrations were 11, 50, and 47mg/kg, respectively for the byproduct diet. Supplemental concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Mn fed were approximately 9, 30, and 30mg/kg, respectively. Treatment had no effect on DMI (averaged 24.2 kg/d) or milk production (34.9 kg/g). No mineral source x fiber interactions were observed for production measures or macronutrient digestibility; however apparent Cu balance and Cu retention was increased for cows fed the control diet with hydroxy minerals compared to the control diet with sulfate minerals (+11 vs -3 mg/d), but retention of Cu was decreased for the byproduct diet when cows were fed hydroxy minerals compared to sulfates (-5 vs +29 mg/d). Cows fed the byproduct diet had decreased DM digestibility (65.9 vs 70.2%), OM digestibility (67.4 vs 71.7%), CP digestibility (58.8 vs 62.1%) and starch intake (4.3 vs 8.8kg), and increased starch digestibility (97.5 vs 96.3%), NDF intake (8.6 vs 6.0kg) and NDF digestibility (50.5 vs 44.4%) compared with cows fed the control treatment. The control diet had increased TDN concentration (70.2 vs 65.3%) compared to the byproduct diet. Measured NDF digestibility and TDN treatment effects were consistent regardless of the method used to determine NDF. Multiple (>12) milk FA concentrations were affected by fiber source and mineral source. In experiment 3, 24 cows were fed diets devoid of supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn for a 16 d preliminary phase (basal diet provided 9, 29, and 32mg/kg of Cu, Zn, and Mn, respectively), and then were randomly assigned to one of three treatment diets (n=8 cows/treatment): supplemental Cu, Zn, and Mn from sulfate mineral; or glycinate minerals; or Cu and Mn sulfate with glycinate Zn. Assayed total dietary concentrations were approximately 21, 73, and 72 mg/kg for Cu, Zn, and Mn, respectively. Body weight, milk production (averaged 38.8 kg/d), DMI (averaged 25.8 kg/d), and analyzed milk components were not affected by treatment. Fecal DNA was extracted, amplified using the 16S rRNA gene to quantify total bacteria, and microbial populations were sequenced to compare populations between treatments. Relative abundance of phyla Spirochaetes, family Spirochaetaceae, genus Treponema, and uncultured or other treponema species were less abundant for cows fed Cu and Mn sulfate with glycinate Zn compared to those fed sulfates, but were similar to cows fed glycinate mineral sources, and responses for cows fed either exclusive glycinate mineral or sulfate mineral treatments were similar.

Download or read book Effect of Supplemental Trace Mineral zinc Copper and Manganese Source on Growth Performance Morbidity and Trace Mineral Status in Beef Cattle written by Anthony W. Ryan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of studies were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental trace mineral source on growth performance, morbidity, and trace mineral status in growing beef cattle. The first experiment evaluated supplemental trace minerals from sulfate, organic, or hydroxy sources on growth performance and morbidity. Crossbreed beef calves were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments consisting of supplemental zinc (360 mg/d), copper (125 mg/d), and manganese (200 mg/d) from inorganic, organic, or hydroxy sources fed daily over a 42 to 45-d backgrounding phase. After removal of chronic and dead calves from the data set, trace mineral source had no effect on final or intermediate weights (P > 0.55) or average daily gain (P = 0.51). For all calves, dietary treatments had no effect on any morbidity measurements (P ≥ 0.53). Overall, trace mineral source had no effect on total weight gain, average daily gain, or morbidity during the receiving phase in shipping stressed cattle. A second experiment was conducted to study the effect of trace mineral source on trace mineral status, superoxide dismutase activity, and performance in beef heifers fed diets high in sulfur. Crossbreed heifers were stratified into 3 treatments consisting of 1) no supplemental trace minerals; 2) supplemental copper (55 mg/d), zinc (165 mg/d), and manganese (110 mg/d) from sulfate sources; or 3) supplemental zinc, copper, and manganese at isolevels to treatment 2 from hydroxy sources fed daily over a 55-d trial. Final and intermediate weights (P = 0.73), average daily gain (P = 0.70), and plasma copper and zinc concentrations (P ≥ 0.37) were not affected by treatment. Liver copper concentrations on d 55 were greater for the sulfate treatment (P > 0.004) compared to control and hydroxy treatments, however, liver zinc concentrations were not affected (P > 0.29). Treatment had no effect on ( P ≥ 0.36) on total- or manganese-superoxide dismutase activity, however, a day effect (P ≥ 0.002) was observed. Overall, trace mineral source had no effect on growth performance, plasma mineral concentration, liver zinc concentrations, or superoxide dismutase activity. However, liver copper concentrations on d 55 were affected by trace mineral source.

Download or read book Effect of Supplementation of Trace Mineral and Vitamins During Transition Phase on Energy Status Productive and Reproductive Performance of Deoni Heifers written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on the Trace Mineral copper and Cobalt Supplementation on Milk Production Blood Composition and Reproductive Performance in Crossbred Cows written by S G. Kshirsagar and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: