Download or read book Effect of Annealing on Copper Thin Films written by Parag Gadkari and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lastly, it is also observed that the tendency for agglomeration can be reduced by encapsulating the metal film with an oxide overlayer, which in turn improves the resistivity of the thin film due to prolonged grain growth without film breakup.
Download or read book The Materials Science of Thin Films written by Milton Ohring and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared as a textbook complete with problems after each chapter, specifically intended for classroom use in universities.
Download or read book The Effect of Interlayer on Abnormal Grain Growth of Nanotwinned Copper Thin Film During Annealing Process written by Hsin Yuan Chen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanostructures written by Daniela Nunes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanostructures: Synthesis, Properties and Applications covers the theoretical and experimental aspects related to design, synthesis, fabrication, processing, structural, morphological, optical and electronic properties on the topic. In addition, it reviews surface functionalization and hybrid materials, focusing on the advantages of these oxide nanostructures. The book concludes with the current and future prospective applications of these materials. Users will find a complete overview of all the important topics related to oxide nanostructures, from the physics of the materials, to its application. - Delves into hybrid structured metal oxides and their promising use in the next generation of electronic devices - Includes fundamental chapters on synthesis design and the properties of metal oxide nanostructures - Provides an in-depth overview of novel applications, including chromogenics, electronics and energy
Download or read book Effects of Low Temperature Annealing on the Adhesion of Electroless Plated Copper Thin Films in TiN Deposited Silicon Integrated Circuit Substrates written by Adam Timothy Tate and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Annealing on Superconductivity in Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide Thin Films written by Jason Crain and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annealing Effects on the Properties of Copper Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Deposition written by Ay Ching Hee and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annealing Effects on Cu In Ga Se sub 2 and CuInSe sub 2 Thin Films written by Jason Gregory McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of my research is to study the effects of annealing on Cu(In, Ga)Se[sub2] (CIGS) and CuInSe[sub 2](CIS) thin films. Annealing polycrystalline films improves the films by minimizing secondary phases in the film and by increasing the crystal grain size. Annealing consists of heating the film to high temperatures, which varies between several hundred degrees to more than 500 degrees Celsius. The length of annealing time also affects the thin film. Films are annealed in a time frame from several minutes to several hours. Questions to be addressed are what preferred temperature to use for annealing and for what length of time. Furthermore, for repeated annealing of a film, would better results be found from annealing at increasing temperature with time held constant, or with increasing time while holding the temperature constant.
Download or read book Engineering Aspects of Shape Memory Alloys written by T W Duerig and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Aspects of Shape Memory Alloys provides an understanding of shape memory by defining terms, properties, and applications. It includes tutorials, overviews, and specific design examples—all written with the intention of minimizing the science and maximizing the engineering aspects. Although the individual chapters have been written by many different authors, each one of the best in their fields, the overall tone and intent of the book is not that of a proceedings, but that of a textbook. The book consists of five parts. Part I deals with the mechanism of shape memory and the alloys that exhibit the effect. It also defines many essential terms that will be used in later parts. Part II deals primarily with constrained recovery, but to some extent with free recovery. There is an introductory paper which defines terms and principles, then several specific examples of products based on constrained recovery. Both Parts III and IV deal with actuators. Part III introduces engineering principles while Part IV presents several of the specific examples. Finally, Part V deals with superelasticity, with an introductory paper and then several specific examples of product engineering.
Download or read book Effect of Annealing Atmosphere on the Morphology of Copper Oxide Thin Films Deposited on TiO2 Substrates Prepared by Sol Gel Process written by Dewi Suriani Che Halin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book X Ray Diffraction written by C. Suryanarayana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this, the only book available to combine both theoretical and practical aspects of x-ray diffraction, the authors emphasize a "hands on" approach through experiments and examples based on actual laboratory data. Part I presents the basics of x-ray diffraction and explains its use in obtaining structural and chemical information. In Part II, eight experimental modules enable the students to gain an appreciation for what information can be obtained by x-ray diffraction and how to interpret it. Examples from all classes of materials -- metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymers -- are included. Diffraction patterns and Bragg angles are provided for students without diffractometers. 192 illustrations.
Download or read book Earth Abundant Materials for Solar Cells written by Sadao Adachi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematically describes the physical and materials properties of copper-based quaternary chalcogenide semiconductor materials, enabling their potential for photovoltaic device applications. Intended for scientists and engineers, in particular, in the fields of multinary semiconductor physics and a variety of photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.
Download or read book Annealing Temperature Effect on Properties of Ni Co Cu Fe2O4 Thin Film written by Sunil Kumar and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferrites are an important class of technological materials that have been recognized to have significant functional applications in magnetic storage devices, electronic devices (microwave radio frequency and optoelectronic devices), sensors (humidity, gas sensing etc.), ferrofluids, technology, data processing devices and drug delivery system. In present research work the major issue is to synthesize modified nickel ferrite thin films and discuss annealing temperature effect on its structural, Dielectric and magnetic properties.The objective of this work is to focus researchers attention in this research area.
Download or read book Nanostructured Materials for Type III Photovoltaics written by Peter Skabara and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials for type III solar cells have branched into a series of generic groups. These include organic ‘small molecule’ and polymer conjugated structures, fullerenes, quantum dots, copper indium gallium selenide nanocrystal films, dyes/TiO2 for Grätzel cells, hybrid organic/inorganic composites and perovskites. Whilst the power conversion efficiencies of organic solar cells are modest compared to other type III photovoltaic materials, plastic semiconductors provide a cheap route to manufacture through solution processing and offer flexible devices. However, other types of materials are proving to be compatible with this type of processing whilst providing higher device efficiencies. As a result, the field is experiencing healthy competition between technologies that is pushing progress at a fast rate. In particular, perovskite solar cells have emerged very recently as a highly disruptive technology with power conversion efficiencies now over 20%. Perovskite cells, however, still have to address stability and environmental issues. With such a diverse range of materials, it is timely to capture the different technologies into a single volume of work. This book will give a collective insight into the different roles that nanostructured materials play in type III solar cells. This will be an essential text for those working with any of the devices highlighted above, providing a fundamental understanding and appreciation of the potential and challenges associated with each of these technologies.
Download or read book Photoenergy and Thin Film Materials written by Xiao-Yu Yang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the latest research & developments and future trends in photoenergy and thin film materials—two important areas that have the potential to spearhead the future of the industry. Photoenergy materials are expected to be a next generation class of materials to provide secure, safe, sustainable and affordable energy. Photoenergy devices are known to convert the sunlight into electricity. These types of devices are simple in design with a major advantage as they are stand-alone systems able to provide megawatts of power. They have been applied as a power source for solar home systems, remote buildings, water pumping, megawatt scale power plants, satellites, communications, and space vehicles. With such a list of enormous applications, the demand for photoenergy devices is growing every year. On the other hand, thin films coating, which can be defined as the barriers of surface science, the fields of materials science and applied physics are progressing as a unified discipline of scientific industry. A thin film can be termed as a very fine, or thin layer of material coated on a particular surface, that can be in the range of a nanometer in thickness to several micrometers in size. Thin films are applied in numerous areas ranging from protection purposes to electronic semiconductor devices. The 16 chapters in this volume, all written by subject matter experts, demonstrate the claim that both photoenergy and thin film materials have the potential to be the future of industry.
Download or read book Advanced Strategies in Thin Film Engineering by Magnetron Sputtering written by Alberto Palmero and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have witnessed the flourishing of numerous novel strategies based on the magnetron sputtering technique aimed at the advanced engineering of thin films, such as HiPIMS, combined vacuum processes, the implementation of complex precursor gases or the inclusion of particle guns in the reactor, among others. At the forefront of these approaches, investigations focused on nanostructured coatings appear today as one of the priorities in many scientific and technological communities: The science behind them appears in most of the cases as a "terra incognita", fascinating both the fundamentalist, who imagines new concepts, and the experimenter, who is able to create and study new films with as of yet unprecedented performances. These scientific and technological challenges, along with the existence of numerous scientific issues that have yet to be clarified in classical magnetron sputtering depositions (e.g., process control and stability, nanostructuration mechanisms, connection between film morphology and properties or upscaling procedures from the laboratory to industrial scales) have motivated us to edit a specialized volume containing the state-of-the art that put together these innovative fundamental and applied research topics. These include, but are not limited to: • Nanostructure-related properties; • Atomistic processes during film growth; • Process control, process stability, and in situ diagnostics; • Fundamentals and applications of HiPIMS; • Thin film nanostructuration phenomena; • Tribological, anticorrosion, and mechanical properties; • Combined procedures based on the magnetron sputtering technique; • Industrial applications; • Devices.
Download or read book The Role of Copper on Stress Evolution and Chemical Ordering in Iron copper platinum Thin Films written by Ross Hinson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical ordering of FePt requires an annealing temperature>500 °C. At these temperatures, grain growth attributed to thermal annealing lowers the areal density in computer hard drives. Multiple paths have been proposed to lower the ordering temperature in order to decrease the grain growth. Ternary additions show promise as a way to lower the ordering temperature and decrease the grain growth. Though multiple studies have been conducted on the incorporation of Cu into FePt, these studies have produced contradictory results on the ordering temperature. Currently, there is no literature on the in situ growth stresses during deposition of FePtCu as a function of ordering temperature. InsituFe_44.5 Pt_51 Cu_4.5 and Fe_50 Pt_50 (for comparison) thin films were produced in order to determine how stress and ordering are affected by the incorporation of Cu. The incorporation of Cu at the amounts studied did not change the stress behavior of FePt when compared to Fe_50 Pt_50 . The addition of Cu raised the ordering temperature and had little to no effect on the grain size as compared to the Fe_50 Pt_50 . This retardation of ordering has been explained by the placement of Cu at lattice sites which minimize the bond distance to Pt and maximize the bond distance to Fe.
