Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of Customs Union with the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkey stands to gain fro ...

Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union written by David Tarr and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: May 1996 Turkey stands to gain from 1 to 1.5 percent of GDP annually from the customs union arrangement with the European Union. It also stands to lose about 1.4 percent of GDP from lost tariff revenues. Applying the value-added tax (VAT) uniformly (instead of just raising it) would allow VAT rates to fall while compensating for the revenue loss from reduced tariffs and increasing the welfare gain from the customs union. Turkey and the European Union (EU) have agreed to implement a customs union. This means Turkey will eliminate its tariffs and levies on imports of manufactured products from the European Union. Turkey will also apply the EU's common external tariff on imports from third countries. Turkey will be obligated by 2001 to provide preferential access to its markets to all countries to which the EU grants such access. Since Turkey is both eliminating tariffs on EU imports and reducing tariffs on imports from third countries, it will become a rather open economy in nonagricultural sectors, with tariffs below 2 percent (zero for imports from the EU and slightly over an average 3 percent for third countries). And since preferential access agreements with third countries will typically be reciprocal, Turkish exporters can expect improved access to those markets. According to Harrison, Rutherford, and Tarr, Turkey's biggest gains from the customs union arrangement will come from this improved access to third country markets. Using a comparative static computable general equilibrium model of Turkey, they estimate that Turkey stands to gain between 1 and 1.5 percent of GDP annually from the customs union arrangement with the EU, depending on what complementary policies it adopts. They also estimate that lost tariff revenues will amount to 1.4 percent of GDP. For Turkey to avoid worsening its fiscal deficit, it must find ways to reduce expenditures or increase revenues. Its best choice is to reduce expenditures through accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises which will generate a number of macroeconomic and efficiency benefits in addition to the fiscal benefits. If a value-added tax (VAT) is used as a replacement tax, they estimate that VAT rates must increase 16.2 percent in each sector -- for example, from 10 percent to 11.6 percent -- to compensate for the revenue losses from implementing the full customs union. But uniform application of the VAT would allow the VAT rates to fall while still compensating for the loss from reduced tariffs and would increase the welfare gain from the customs union. This paper -- a product of the International Trade Division, International Economics Department -- is part of a larger effort in the department to analyze the impact of regional trading arrangements. The study was funded, in part, by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project The Impact of EC92 and Trade Integration on Selected Mediterranean Countries (RPO 675-64).

Download or read book The Customs Union Between Turkey and the EU written by Susanne Voigt and published by Diplomica Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper shall investigate the trade integration between Turkey and the EU. The plan of the book is as follows. At first the historical background of the development concerning the trade relations between the two parties is conveyed. This includes the period from first association to implementing a customs union (CU) between Turkey and the European Union (EU) and to deeper integration abolishing barriers of trade until today. Subsequently an evaluation of the influence of the customs union follows in chapter 3 which constitutes the main part of the paper. Hereby the analysis is divided into the short-term static and long-term dynamic effects of the CU with the EU that Turkey entered on 1st January 1996. To analyze the static effects this paper adopts Viner's traditional approach, by comparing the trade creation effects with the trade diversion effects resulting from the removal of trade restrictions for Turkey and the EU as a whole. Thus, the predominant economical theory applied in this paper is the neoclassical customs union theory. This theory was chosen because it still is the predominant and widely recognized theory in analyzing trade data providing a variety of tools. Within the neoclassical theory Ricardo as well as Heckscher-Ohlin play an important role as a tool of analysis. In the relevant passages in the text the most important theoretical principles will be explained with the help of the Turkish example. At the limits of the neoclassical theories the new trade theory is supposed to help out especially where the assumptions of the neoclassical theory limit further analysis. It is the purpose of this paper to analyze the question how the trade liberalization in form of the CU between Turkey and the EU influences the development of Turkish welfare, specialization in different sectors, economies of scale, competitiveness, technological transfer and direct foreign investment. In some parts of the paper the analysis also refers to some effects for the EU, bu

Download or read book Effects of Including Agricultural Products in the Customs Union Between Turkey and the EU written by Harald Grethe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inclusion of agricultural products in the current customs union is one of the potential future steps on the road to further political and economic integration between Turkey and the EU. This book examines the effects of such integration of agricultural markets on the Turkish agricultural sector as well as on consumers and the Turkish budget. Results are compared to alternative options for Turkish agricultural policy. To this aim, a detailed partial equilibrium model of the Turkish agricultural sector is developed. The complete liberalization of the agricultural sector is found to lead to significant welfare gains compared to the maintenance of current policies. It appears that including agricultural products in the customs union results in similar results with few but significant exemptions.

Download or read book Turkey s Trade Liberalization and It s Accession to the European Union Customs Union written by Skanderbeg Schmusch and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1.3, Marmara University (Department of Economics), course: Turkish Economy, 22 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: People living in Turkey might have very well experienced it, people, like the author, looking at Turkey as an independant observer, might not know it too much. Since it's foundation in 1923, Turkey witnessed turbulent times almost thoroughgoing the 20th Century. Political as well as economical wise. Economically the climax was reached when Turkey felt into international insolvency in 1978. From then on, although attempts were made in earlier years too, large reforms were introduced. In this paper we will look at the Turkey's trade policy before and after the liberalization reforms of the 1980's. Trade liberalization mostly implies less intervention by the government in the traded goods sectors. But whether a less interventionist trade regime results in a less distorted, more open and outward oriented economy will depend on the characteristics of the pre- and post-reform trade and exchange rate regimes. This paper aims to present a general survey about Turkish trade policy: a bird's eye view. The author therefore abstains from generating a model and test the impact of the reforms on one single industry. Instead, such regression results are rather resorted to other studies, in order to generate an appropriate picture of the trade liberalization as a whole without getting stucked into detail too much on the one hand, and without staying out of detail too much on the other hand. The rst section outlines the economical background of Turkey from the pre-1980-reform period at rst and con- tinues with a presentation of the reforms imposed from 1980 onwards. It draws a historical picture as well as it points out the main impacts on the export and import pattern of Turkey's foreign trade. The following section deals with Turkey's accession of the Customs Uni

Download or read book Turkey s trade liberalization and it s accession to the European Union Customs Union written by Skanderbeg Schmusch and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-10-08 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1.3, Marmara University (Department of Economics), course: Turkish Economy, language: English, abstract: People living in Turkey might have very well experienced it, people, like the author, looking at Turkey as an independant observer, might not know it too much. Since it's foundation in 1923, Turkey witnessed turbulent times almost thoroughgoing the 20th Century. Political as well as economical wise. Economically the climax was reached when Turkey felt into international insolvency in 1978. From then on, although attempts were made in earlier years too, large reforms were introduced. In this paper we will look at the Turkey's trade policy before and after the liberalization reforms of the 1980's. Trade liberalization mostly implies less intervention by the government in the traded goods sectors. But whether a less interventionist trade regime results in a less distorted, more open and outward oriented economy will depend on the characteristics of the pre- and post-reform trade and exchange rate regimes. This paper aims to present a general survey about Turkish trade policy: a bird's eye view. The author therefore abstains from generating a model and test the impact of the reforms on one single industry. Instead, such regression results are rather resorted to other studies, in order to generate an appropriate picture of the trade liberalization as a whole without getting stucked into detail too much on the one hand, and without staying out of detail too much on the other hand. The rst section outlines the economical background of Turkey from the pre-1980-reform period at rst and con- tinues with a presentation of the reforms imposed from 1980 onwards. It draws a historical picture as well as it points out the main impacts on the export and import pattern of Turkey's foreign trade. The following section deals with Turkey's accession of the Customs Union of the European Union in 1996. There is economical and politacal weight ascribed to the accesion as it is seen to be a major step towards a full membership of the European Union for Turkey. After outdrawing the historical backgrounds of the accesion, we will look at its impact on trade for several sectors, mainly by examining a study done by De Santis in 2001. Another section shows some empirical observations on trade indicators and their change in respect to the liberalization reforms.

Download or read book Turkey s Accession to the European Union written by Belgin Akçay and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although Turkey has a long-held aspiration for European Union membership and has been a candidate for more than a decade, relations between the EU and Turkey have not received the attention it deserves from non-Turkish researchers thus far, and consequently the international literature on EU-Turkey relations is rather limited. In light of recent global economic and political challenges for the EU and Turkey, a need has emerged for an interdisciplinary approach to study EU-Turkey relations within the wider international political and economic context. Turkey's Accession to the European Union: Political and Economic Challenges, edited by Belgin Ak ay and Bahri Yilmaz, provides a timely overview of some of the most important issues and debates in the changing context of Europe, the change in domestic politics and foreign policy in Turkey, and the likely implications of these changes and developments for EU-Turkey relations. Within this framework, this collection includes articles emphasizing Turkey's reform process with a view to EU accession, despite EU's reservations about "absorbing" Turkey and the eventual decoupling of the Turkish reform process from European integration, as well as searching for alternative forms of cooperation or transitional arrangements which may be possible for Turkey at the time of accession.

Download or read book EU Turkey Relations written by Wulf Reiners and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores the new complexities and ambiguities that epitomize EU-Turkey relations. With a strong focus on the developments in the last decade, the book provides full access to a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted relationship through three entry points: (1) Theories and Concepts, (2) Institutions, and (3) Policies. Part I brings together complementary and competing analytical approaches to study the evolution of EU-Turkey relations, ranging from traditional integration theories to novel concepts. Part II investigates the institutional machinery of EU-Turkey relations by analyzing the roles and perspectives of the European Council, the European Commission, and the European Parliament. Part III offers analyses of the policies most relevant for the relationship: enlargement policy, trade and macroeconomic policies, foreign and security policy, migration and asylum policies, and energy policy. In Part IV, the volume closes with a systematic survey of the conditions under which cooperative trends in EU-Turkey relations could be (re)invigorated. The systematic setup and the balanced combination of distinguished experts from EU- and Turkey-based institutions make this book a fundamental reading for students, researchers, lecturers, and practitioners of EU-Turkey relations, European integration and Turkish foreign policy. Wulf Reiners is Senior Researcher and Head of the Managing Global Governance (MGG) Program of the German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut fur Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). Ebru Turhan is Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations, Turkish-German University in Istanbul, Turkey.

Download or read book Turkey written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-06-20 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What requirements must Turkey the largest country among the candidate and accession countries meet to join the European Union? What progress has been made toward meeting them? This timely volume analyzes the economic challenges confronting Turkey in its quest to accede to the European Union (EU). It focuses on the extent to which Turkey is ready to join the Single Market, comply with the EU's body of economic regulations and directives, the 'Acquis Communautaire', and meet the Maastricht criteria for fiscal, monetary, and exchange rate policies. This book also provides an assessment of Turkey's national program to meet the accession requirements. It describes briefly what Turkey needs to achieve on the economic policy front to satisfy the conditions for accession, the progress to date, and the likely consequences of implementing the full body of EU requirements. The book is divided into four parts: An analysis of the macroeconomic policies for EU accession An analysis of the effects of integration on key sectors: agriculture; manufacturing; services industries, including banking, telecommunications, transportation, and natural gas; and network industries An exploration of key economic policy challenges, including labor market regulation, foreign direct investment challenges, and the costs and benefits of meeting the EU environmental 'Acquis' The quantification of the impact of EU accession and consideration of the welfare effects of integration While the focus is on the specific situation of Turkey, the subject will be of value to all researchers with an interest in the challenges of deeper integration through regional agreements.

Download or read book Turkey European Union Relations written by Meltem Müftüler-Bac and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2008 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at uncovering the main obstacles and challenges to the Turkish accession to the European Union. Turkey's membership is one of the most important steps for the future of the European Union in terms of its integration and identity. The book provides a succinct analysis of the process and its future implications.

Download or read book Turkey s Relations with a Changing Europe written by Meltem Müftüler-Bac and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the impact on Turkey of events in Europe since 1989, the transformation of the country's place in the international order, domestic and foreign policy changes in response, and changes in the country's identity. Considers the new European order, the cultural dilemma, the troubled region, relations with the European Union, and the Customs Union. Distributed in the US by St. Martin's Press. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Turkey and EU Integration written by Çigdem Nas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What has been achieved regarding Turkey’s efforts at integration to the EU and what obstacles remain to it achieving full membership? Like other developing countries, Turkey displays visible signs of advancement with rapid increases in living standards, greater mobility and the rapid spread of technology. Much of its legislation and political, economic and administrative systems are also now aligned to the EU and this process has undoubtedly contributed to democratization and modernization. At the same time problems in politics and society persist; the Gezi protests, limitations of freedom of expression, frequent occupational accidents in the mining and construction sectors, honour killings and political upheaval which has manifested itself most starkly with the recent coup attempt all call attention to the challenges facing a country in the process of change. Charting the political, legal and economic relations between Turkey and the European Union since 1959 this book explores the relationship through phases such as association, customs union and candidacy. Each chapter covers a particular period in the relations and/or a theme which has both current and overall relevance to the conduct of the relations. In this way, the authors examine the impact of the EU in affecting change, what has been achieved and the obstacles that remain.

Download or read book Turkey and the European Union written by Ali Çarkoğlu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Turkey's relations with an enlarging European Union have long been hit by recurrent crises and problems of adjustment within internal domestic politics as well as from an external, international relations perspective. This book aims to provide an up-to-date review of relevant issues from both perspectives. Analyses focus on the significance of EU adjustment processes for Turkish domestic politics and public opinion. From the perspective of economic dynamics, analyses focus on the impact of a customs union with the EU and the issues surrounding the impending economic policy adjustments. Justice and home affairs issues and human rights practices are two areas where specific policy adjustments are needed in order to conform to the Copenhagen criteria. These adjustments are seen as touching on sensitive domestic politics issues and the analyses herein evaluate the recent developments in these policy areas. In light of these discussions, the book offers an overall evaluation of Turkey's bid for full membership in the EU."--BOOK JACKET.

Download or read book On the Road to EU Membership written by Selen Sarisoy Guerin and published by ASP / VUBPRESS / UPA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential membership of Turkey to the European Union (EU) carries significant challenges for EU policymaking and integration, and this volume brings together academics from several disciplines, including international relations, economics, sociology, and public administration, to present a holistic picture of the economic dimension of the accession process. Assessing the current strengths and weaknesses of the Turkish candidacy, this study provides a historical overview of EU–Turkey economic relations, a comprehensive review of the EU–Turkey customs union agreement, as well as a discussion of the implications of membership for various sectors of the Turkish economy. This comprehensive analysis of Turkey’s bid for EU membership will interest government officials and academics alike as more candidate countries seek accession in the years ahead.

Download or read book Turkey and the European Union written by Senem Aydin-Düzgit and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book by two leading experts provides a comprehensive analysis of Turkey's relationship with the European Union, set in its regional and international context. It provides three analytical lenses through which the relationship might be understood – Turkey as an enlargement country, as an EU neighbour and as a global partner – and unpacks the implications of each. Turkey and the European Union focuses on the five pillars that help define the relationship: economics, migration, security, democracy and human rights, and culture and identity. It shows how the differing perspectives on Turkey's role can influence events and developments in these areas, and it traces the profound fluctuations in relations, from the Association Agreement of 1963, to the candidacy for full membership of 1999, to the limbo of today. Turkey continues to be a critically important country for the European Union. The relationship has consequences that are both ideational, embedded in history, politics, identity and culture, and material, relating to economics, energy and security. In examining this complex relationship, this book addresses a key issue for Europe's future, and does so in a fashion that is both sophisticated and accessible.