Download or read book Early Childhood Program Participation from the National Household Education Surveys Program of 2012 First Look NCES 2013 029 Rev written by Saida Mamedova and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents data on the early care and education arrangements and selected family activities of children in the United States from birth through the age of 5 who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten in the spring of 2012. The report also presents data on parents' satisfaction with various aspects of these care arrangements and on their participation in various learning activities with their children. For each category of information included in the report, the results are broken down by child, parent, and family characteristics. The data in this report are from the 2012 National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES:2012) Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP) Survey. The ECPP survey is used to collect information on children from birth through age 6 who are not yet enrolled in kindergarten. Prior to the 2012 ECPP survey that is the focus of the current report, the survey was last conducted in 2005. The ECPP asks detailed questions about children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. It also asks about the main reason for choosing care; what factors were important to parents when choosing a care arrangement; what activities the family does with the child, such as reading, singing, and arts and crafts; and what the child is learning, such as counting, recognizing the letters of the alphabet, and reading. This report (NCES 2013-029.REV) is revised from an earlier version of the report (NCES 2013-029) that was released in August 2013. This updated version is based on estimates that utilize the final NHES:2012 data, for which survey weights have been corrected. Findings include: (1) Approximately 60 percent of children 5 and younger not enrolled in kindergarten were in at least one weekly nonparental care arrangement, as reported by their parents. Among children in a weekly nonparental care arrangement, 56 percent were attending a day care center, preschool, or prekindergarten (center-based care); 42 percent were cared for by a relative (relative care); and 24 percent were cared for in a private home by someone not related to them (nonrelative care) (table 1); (2) Among children with relative care, the primary caregiver for 78 percent of children was a grandparent in the primary relative care arrangement, compared to 11 percent who were cared for by an aunt or uncle and 10 percent whose care was provided by another relative (table 2); (3) Among children who were one to two years old, the mean length of time that they had been in their primary care arrangement was longer for children in their primary relative care arrangement (18 months) compared to their primary nonrelative care (15 months) or center-based care arrangement (13 months) (table 3); (4) Among families with any out-of-pocket costs for care using the primary care arrangement in each category reported, the per child out-of-pocket costs for center-based care were higher for children in families with incomes at or above the poverty threshold ($6.96 per hour) compared to children in families with incomes below the poverty threshold ($3.53 per hour) (table 4); (5) The most common location for children's primary center-based care arrangement, as reported in the survey, was a building of its own (46 percent). Other reported locations were a church, synagogue, or other place of worship (20 percent); a public school (20 percent); and various other types of locations (14 percent) (table 5); (6) Among children in a weekly nonparental care arrangement who had a parent that reported trying to find care, 81 percent of children had parents who reported that the learning activities of the child care arrangement were very important to them when they chose the arrangement where their child spends the most time. This percentage varied by parental education level, as a higher percentage of children whose parents/guardians had less than a high school credential (92 percent) or a high school diploma or equivalent (91 percent) had parents/guardians who reported that the learning activities at the care arrangement were very important in their choice compared to children whose parents/guardians had a vocational/technical degree or some college education (81 percent), children whose parents/guardians had a bachelor's degree (79 percent), and children whose parents/guardians had a graduate or professional degree (71 percent) (table 6); and (7) Approximately 98 percent of children ages three to five who were not yet in kindergarten had parents who taught them letters, words, or numbers in the past week; 95 percent had parents who read to them; 94 percent had parents who sang songs with them; 86 percent had parents who worked on arts and crafts with them; and 83 percent had parents who told them a story (table 7). The following are appended: (1) Technical Notes; (2) Glossary of Terms; and (3) Standard Error Tables.

Download or read book Early Childhood Program Participation from the National Household Education Surveys Program of 2012 First Look NCES 2013 029 written by Saida Mamedova and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents data on the early care and education arrangements and early learning of children in the United States from birth through the age of 5 who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten in the spring of 2012. The report also presents data on parents' satisfaction with various aspects of these care arrangements and on their participation in various learning activities with their children. For each category of information included in the report, the results are broken down by child, parent, and family characteristics. The data in this report are from the 2012 National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES:2012) Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP) Survey. The ECPP survey is used to collect information on children from birth through age 6 who are not yet enrolled in kindergarten. However, 6-year-old preschoolers are atypical and too few in number to support separate estimates, and therefore they have been excluded from this report. The ECPP asks detailed questions about children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. It also asks about the main reason for choosing care; what factors were important to parents when choosing a care arrangement; what activities the family does with the child, such as reading, singing, and arts and crafts; and what the child is learning, such as counting, recognizing the letters of the alphabet, and reading. Results presented in the tables within this report are weighted. All statements of comparison made in this report have been tested for statistical significance using two-tailed t-tests and are significant at the 95 percent confidence level. No adjustments were made for multiple comparisons. Some estimates that appear different may not be measurably different in a statistical sense due to sampling error. The purpose of this First Look report is to introduce new NHES survey data through the presentation of selected descriptive information. However, readers are cautioned not to draw causal inferences based on the results presented. Many of the variables examined in this report may be related to one another, but the complex interactions and relationships among them have not been explored. The variables examined here are also just a few of the variables that can be examined in these data; they were selected to demonstrate the range of information available from the study. The release of this report is intended to encourage more in-depth analysis of the data using more sophisticated statistical methods.The following are appended: (1) Technical Notes; (2) Glossary of Terms; and (3) Standard Error Tables. (Contains 15 tables.).

Download or read book Early Childhood Program Participation written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Education and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-01-16 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents data on the early care and education arrangements and selected family activities of children in the United States from birth through the age of 5 who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten in the spring of 2012. The report also presents data on parents' satisfaction with various aspects of these care arrangements and on their participation in various learning activities with their children. For each category of information included in the report, the results are broken down by child, parent, and family characteristics. The data in this report are from the 2012 National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES:2012) Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP) Survey. The ECPP survey is used to collect information on children from birth through age 6 who are not yet enrolled in kindergarten. Prior to the 2012 ECPP survey that is the focus of the current report, the survey was last conducted in 2005. The ECPP asks detailed questions about children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. It also asks about the main reason for choosing care; what factors were important to parents when choosing a care arrangement; what activities the family does with the child, such as reading, singing, and arts and crafts; and what the child is learning, such as counting, recognizing the letters of the alphabet, and reading. As noted above, the ECPP asks detailed questions about children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. However, children can have more than one care arrangement within a particular type of care (e.g., two relative care arrangements). Parents were instructed on the questionnaire to answer the detailed questions about the person or center that provided the most care. The tables in this report refer to these arrangements as "primary" arrangements. Children can have multiple primary care arrangements across arrangement types (e.g., primary relative care and primary center care). This report (NCES 2013-029.REV) is revised from an earlier version of the report (NCES 2013-029) that was released in August 2013. This updated version is based on estimates that utilize the final NHES:2012 data, for which survey weights have been corrected. The correction in survey weights has led to small changes in the estimates presented, typically of one to two percentage points. The revised report also revises the estimates related to children's parents so that they are more consistent within tables and so that the parent(s) reported by the survey respondent, regardless of whether a birth, adoptive, step, foster parent or a grandparent, aunt, uncle, or another guardian in the household, is counted as a parent/guardian.

Download or read book Early Childhood Program Participation from the National Household Education Surveys Program Of 2012 written by U S Department of Education and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents data on the early care and education arrangements and selected family activities of children in the United States from birth through the age of 5 who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten in the spring of 2012. The report also presents data on parents' satisfaction with various aspects of these care arrangements and on their participation in various learning activities with their children. For each category of information included in the report, the results are broken down by child, parent, and family characteristics. The data in this report are from the 2012 National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES:2012) Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP) Survey. The ECPP survey is used to collect information on children from birth through age 6 who are not yet enrolled in kindergarten.1 Prior to the 2012 ECPP survey that is the focus of the current report, the survey was last conducted in 2005. The ECPP asks detailed questions about children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. It also asks about the main reason for choosing care; what factors were important to parents when choosing a care arrangement; what activities the family does with the child, such as reading, singing, and arts and crafts; and what the child is learning, such as counting, recognizing the letters of the alphabet, and reading. As noted above, the ECPP asks detailed questions about children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. However, children can have more than one care arrangement within a particular type of care (e.g., two relative care arrangements). Parents were instructed on the questionnaire to answer the detailed questions about the person or center that provided the most care. The tables in this report refer to these arrangements as "primary" arrangements. Children can have multiple primary care arrangements across arrangement types (e.g., primary relative care and primary center care). This report (NCES 2013-029.REV) is revised from an earlier version of the report (NCES 2013-029) that was released in August 2013. This updated version is based on estimates that utilize the final NHES:2012 data, for which survey weights have been corrected. The correction in survey weights has led to small changes in the estimates presented, typically of one to two percentage points. The revised report also revises the estimates related to children's parents so that they are more consistent within tables and so that the parent(s) reported by the survey respondent, regardless of whether a birth, adoptive, step, foster parent or a grandparent, aunt, uncle, or another guardian in the household, is counted as a parent/guardian.

Download or read book Early Childhood Program Participation Results from the National Household Education Surveys Program of 2016 First Look NCES 2017 101 written by Lisa Corcoran and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents findings from the Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program of 2016 (NHES:2016). The Early Childhood Program Participation Survey collected data on children's participation in relative care, nonrelative care, and center-based care arrangements. It also collected information from parents about the main reason for choosing care, what factors were important to parents when choosing a care arrangement, and parents' participation in various learning activities with their children.

Download or read book Child Care and Early Education Program Participation of Infants Toddlers and Preschoolers written by Jerry West and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characteristics of Children s Early Care and Education Programs written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Homeschooling in the United States written by Stacey Bielick and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Parents Reports of the School Readiness of Young Children from the National Household Education Surveys Program of 2007 First Look NCES 2008 051 written by Kevin O'Donnell and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents data on the school readiness of children in the United States as reported by their parents. This report incorporates basic demographic information about the children, parent/guardian characteristics, and household characteristics. These data come from the School Readiness Survey (SR) of the 2007 National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES:2007). Topics addressed include the participation of young children in preschool or other types of center-based care or education arrangements; parental plans for kindergarten enrollment and an assessment of what parents should do to prepare their children for kindergarten; children's developmental accomplishments and difficulties, including emerging literacy and numeracy; family activities with children in the home and outside of the home; and children's television-viewing habits. NHES:2007 fielded multiple interviews together including SR and the Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey (PFI). The sample was selected using random digit dial (RDD) methods and the data were collected using computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) technology. NHES:2007 was conducted by Westat, a social science research firm, from January 2 through May 6, 2007. SR interviews were conducted with parents or guardians of a nationally representative sample of children from 3 years of age through 6 years of age who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten. The total number of completed SR interviews was 2,633, representing a population of 8.7 million children when weighted to reflect national totals. The household screener interview, which contained an initial set of questions used to collect information on household composition and interview eligibility, had a response rate of 52.8 percent. The weighted unit response rate for the SR Survey was 77.0 percent, and the overall unit response rate was 40.7 percent. An analysis of bias detected no evidence of substantial non-response bias in the published weighted estimates. Although weighting adjustments reduced the potential for non-coverage bias, the analysis suggests that the final weighted data do include the potential for non-coverage bias in parents' education level. All statements of comparison made in this report have been tested for statistical significance using two-tailed t-tests and are significant at the 95 percent confidence level. The purpose of this report is to introduce new NHES survey data through the presentation of selected descriptive information. Readers are cautioned not to draw causal inferences based on the bivariate results presented: many of the variables examined in this report may be related to one another and complex interactions/relationships among the variables have not been explored. Selected findings include: (1) Overall, 58 percent of children ages 3 to 6 and not yet in kindergarten were reported to be attending preschool or a daycare center in 2007; (2) Given school district guidelines for admission based on birth date, 7 percent of children ages 3-6 had parents who planned to delay their entrance into kindergarten with a higher percentage of boys than girls to be delayed, 1 percent had parents who planned to enroll them early and 3 percent had parents who did not plan to enroll them or who had not yet made a decision about enrollment; (3) Regarding children's school readiness skills, as reported by parents, 93 percent had speech that was understandable to a stranger, 87 percent could hold a pencil with their fingers, 63 percent could count to 20 or higher, 60 percent could write their first name, 32 percent could recognize all letters of the alphabet, and 8 percent could read written words in books; (4) Parent-reported ability to recognize all letters of the alphabet varies by child's age; (5) When parents were asked how important they thought it was to teach their children certain things to prepare them for kindergarten, 62 percent of children had parents who reported is was essential to teach their children about sharing, followed by academic readiness measurements. (6) For children who were read to in the past week, the mean daily reading time was about 21 minutes; (7) A lower percentage of children residing in poor households were read to every day compared with children residing in non-poor households; (8) On average, children who watched TV or videos watched for 2.6 hours on a typical weekday, and 2.7 hours on a typical day of the weekend; and (9) On average, children whose mothers were employed for 35 hours or more per week spent more time watching television or videos on a typical day of the weekend than children whose mothers were employed for less than 35 hours per week or were not in the labor force. Three appendixes include: (1) Technical Notes; (2) Glossary; and (3) Standard Errors. (Contains 4 footnotes, 1 figure, and 12 tables. Tables are footnoted individually.).

Download or read book Primary Early Care and Education Arrangements and Achievement at Kindergarten Entry NCES 2016 070 written by Amy Rathbun and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young children experience various types of early care and education environments the year before they enter kindergarten. Some children attend center-based arrangements such as preschools, childcare centers, or Head Start programs, while others are cared for in relatives' or nonrelatives' homes or are normally cared for only by their parents. Prior research indicates that children's participation rates in specific types of primary care arrangements and their knowledge and skills at kindergarten entry differ in relation to certain characteristics of children and their families, including age at kindergarten entry, race/ethnicity, primary home language, and mother's educational attainment. This Statistical Analysis Report builds upon prior work by using the most recently available data to explore relationships between children's primary care and education arrangements the year before kindergarten and their academic skills and learning behaviors at kindergarten entry, after accounting for child and family background characteristics. In the report, ECE arrangements are classified into five groups: (1) center-based care (including day care centers, Head Start programs, preschools, prekindergartens, and other early childhood programs); (2) home-based relative care; (3) home-based nonrelative care; (4) multiple arrangements (i.e., children who spent an equal amount of time in each of two or more types of arrangements); and (5) no ECE arrangement on a regular basis (i.e., children who had no regularly scheduled care arrangement and mainly received care only from their parents). Information for this report comes from the nationally representative National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011) data collections. Data from the NHES cross-sectional sample survey are used to describe trends in participation in ECE arrangements that children experience prior to kindergarten entry. The NHES Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP) surveys gather information on children's participation in ECE programs and the characteristics of these arrangements. Parents reported information on their child's participation in different types of ECE arrangements in 1995, 2001, 2005, and 2012. This report compares estimates of 4- and 5-year-old children's primary ECE arrangements prior to kindergarten entry in 1995 and 2012. Estimates are presented overall and by children's race/ethnicity, their family's poverty status, and their mother's educational attainment. Data from the ECLS-K:2011 longitudinal sample survey are used to explore relationships between primary ECE arrangements the year before kindergarten and academic skills and learning behaviors at kindergarten entry. The ECLS-K:2011 collects detailed information on the school achievement and experiences of students from the 2010-11 kindergarten school year through the spring of 2016, when most of them are expected to be in fifth grade. In the fall of 2010 and spring of 2011, parents reported information on child and family characteristics and their child's participation in ECE settings the year before kindergarten; children were assessed in reading, mathematics, and cognitive flexibility; and kindergarten teachers reported on children's approaches to learning. The report describes the distribution of primary ECE arrangements that first-time kindergartners attended in the year before entering kindergarten in the fall of 2010, including differences in primary ECE arrangements by characteristics of children and their families. The report also describes differences in first-time kindergartners' academic knowledge, skills, and learning behaviors at kindergarten entry relative to their primary ECE arrangement, after accounting for children's sex, age at kindergarten entry, race/ethnicity, family type, primary home language, and socioeconomic status (SES). The following are appended: (1) Reference tables; and (2) Technical Notes and Methodology: (a) National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES); (b) Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011); and (c) Statistical Procedures.

Download or read book Digest of Education Statistics 2013 written by Thomas D. Snyder and published by National Center for Education Statistics. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 831 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New 2016 release The primary purpose of this annual publication is to provide a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of American education from prekindergarten through graduate school. It contains information on a variety of subjects in the field of education statistics, including the number of schools and colleges, teachers, enrollments, and graduates, in addition to data on educational attainment, finances, federal funds for education, libraries, and international comparisons. Includes a selection of data from many sources, both government and private, and draws especially on the results of surveys and activities carried out by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Related products: Condition of Education 2015 is available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/065-000-01440-8 Education & Libraries resources collection can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/education-libraries

Download or read book Digest of Education Statistics 2012 written by Thomas D. Snyder and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-04 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digest of Education Statistics 2012 is the 48th in a series of publications initiated in 1962. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of American education--from pre-kindergarten through graduate school--drawn from government and private sources, but especially from surveys and other activities led by NCES (National Center for Education Statistics) part of the Institute for Education Sciences (IES). The digest contains data on the number of schools, students, and teachers, as well as statistics on educational attainment, finances, libraries, technology, and international comparisons. Details on population trends, education attitudes, labor force characteristics, and federal aid supplies helpful background for evaluating the education data. This statistical reference could be helpful to parents choosing schools for their children as well as for teachers, librarians, and public administrators as it tracks enrollment, population trends and key areas of studies with student progress. It also tracks the post-secondary/college level detailing undergraduate tuition and room/board ESTIMATE costs at private nonprofit institutions, private for profit institutions and public institutions. It also tallies the number of postsecondary degrees and provides some gender demographics in this area. The Digest contains seven chapters: All Levels of Education, Elementary and Secondary Education, Postsecondary Education, Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities, Outcomes of Education, International Comparisons of Education, and Libraries and Adult Education. Preceding these chapters is an Introduction that provides a brief overview of current trends in American education, which supplements the tabular materials in chapters 1 through 7. The Digest concludes with three appendixes. The first appendix, Guide to Sources, provides a brief synopsis of the surveys used to generate the Digest tables; the second, Definitions, is included to help readers understand terms used in the Digest; and the third, Index of Table Numbers, allows readers to quickly locate tables on specific topics. In addition to updating many of the statistics that have appeared in previous years, this edition contains new material, including: Percentage distribution of 6- to 18-year olds, by parent''s highest level of educational attainment, household type (either two-parent or single-parent), and child''s race/ethnicity (table 12); Enrollment and percentage distribution of enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity and region (table 44); Number and percentage of public school students participating in programs for English language learners, by state (table 47); Children 3 to 21 years old served under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B, by age group and race/ethnicity (table 49); Percentage of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children enrolled in preprimary programs, by attendance status, level of program, and selected child and family characteristics (table 57); Number and enrollment of public elementary and secondary schools that have closed, by school level and type (table 109); Number and percentage distribution of public school students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch, by school level, locale, and student race/ethnicity (table 112); Public elementary and secondary charter schools and enrollment, by state (table 117); First-time kindergartners'' reading, mathematics, science, cognitive flexibility, and approaches to learning scale scores in fall and spring of the kindergarten year, by selected child, family, and school characteristics (table 135); Number and percentage distribution of kindergartners, by kindergarten entry status (i.e., early entrant, on-time entrant, delayed entrant, or kindergarten repeater) and selected child, family, and school characteristics (table 136); Kindergartners'' reading, mathematics, science, cognitive flexibility, and approaches to learning scale scores in fall and spring of the kindergarten year, by kindergarten entry status (table 137); Percentage of 9th-grade students participating in various school-sponsored and non-school-sponsored activities, by sex and race/ethnicity (table 183); Percentage of 4th-, 8th-, and 12th-graders absent from school in the last month, by selected student and school characteristics and number of days absent (table 187); Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by function and subfunction (table 214); Total fall enrollment in all postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV programs, by degree-granting status and control of institution (table 222); Percentage of recent high school completers enrolled in 2-year and 4-year colleges, by income level (table 236); Number of postsecondary students who entered the student loan repayment phase, number of students who defaulted, and 2-year student loan cohort default rates, by level and control of institution (table 400); Number and percentage of persons 16 to 24 years old who were neither enrolled in school nor working, by educational attainment, age group, family poverty status, and race/ethnicity (table 429); Employment to population ratios of all persons, males, and females 16 to 64 years old, by age group and educational attainment (tables 431, 432, and 433); Unemployment rates of all persons, males, and females 16 to 64 years old, by age group and educational attainment (tables 434, 435, and 436); Percentage of high school students age 16 over who were employed, by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, family income, nativity, and hours worked per week (table 441); and Average reading literacy scale scores of fourth-graders and percentage whose schools emphasize reading skills and strategies at or before second grade or at third grade, by sex and country or other education system (table 462).

Download or read book Digest of Education Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains information on a variety of subjects within the field of education statistics, including the number of schools and colleges, enrollments, teachers, graduates, educational attainment, finances, Federal funds for education, libraries, international education, and research and development.

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Download or read book America s Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Financial Accounting for Local and State School Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Science Literacy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is a way of knowing about the world. At once a process, a product, and an institution, science enables people to both engage in the construction of new knowledge as well as use information to achieve desired ends. Access to scienceâ€"whether using knowledge or creating itâ€"necessitates some level of familiarity with the enterprise and practice of science: we refer to this as science literacy. Science literacy is desirable not only for individuals, but also for the health and well- being of communities and society. More than just basic knowledge of science facts, contemporary definitions of science literacy have expanded to include understandings of scientific processes and practices, familiarity with how science and scientists work, a capacity to weigh and evaluate the products of science, and an ability to engage in civic decisions about the value of science. Although science literacy has traditionally been seen as the responsibility of individuals, individuals are nested within communities that are nested within societiesâ€"and, as a result, individual science literacy is limited or enhanced by the circumstances of that nesting. Science Literacy studies the role of science literacy in public support of science. This report synthesizes the available research literature on science literacy, makes recommendations on the need to improve the understanding of science and scientific research in the United States, and considers the relationship between scientific literacy and support for and use of science and research.