Download or read book Dust in the Galactic Environment written by D.C.B Whittet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dust is a ubiquitous feature of the cosmos, impinging directly or indirectly on most fields of modern astronomy and astrophysics. Dust in the Galactic Environment, Second Edition provides a thorough overview of the subject, covering general concepts, methods of investigation, important results and their significance, relevant literature, and some suggestions for promising avenues of future research. Since the publication of the first edition of this popular graduate text, major advances have been made in our understanding of astrophysical dust, especially in the light of exciting new results from space- and ground-based telescopes, together with advances in laboratory astrophysics and theoretical modeling. This new, expanded edition highlights the latest results and provides a context for future research opportunities. The first chapter provides a historical perspective for current research and an overview of interstellar environments and the role of dust in astrophysical processes, followed by a discussion of the cosmic history of the chemical elements expected to be present in dust and an examination of the effect of gas-dust interactions on gas phase abundances. The next several chapters describe the observed properties of interstellar grains, such as their extinction, polarization, absorption, and emission characteristics. Then, the book explores the origin and evolution of dust, tracing its life cycle in a succession of environments from circumstellar shells to diffuse interstellar clouds, molecular clouds, protostars, and protoplanetary disks. The final chapter summarizes progress toward a unified model. Dust in other galaxies is discussed as an integral part of the text rather than as a distinct topic requiring separate chapters. Containing extensive references and problems to aid understanding and illustrate basic principles, the book is ideally suited for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses. It will also be an invaluable reference for postgraduate students and researchers working in this important field.
Download or read book Dust in the Galactic Environment written by Doug C. B. Whittet and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dust in the Galactic Environment, Third Edition provides a thorough overview of the subject, covering general concepts, methods of investigation, important results and their significance, relevant literature, and some suggestions for promising avenues of future research. Major advances have been made in the last two decades in our understanding of astrophysical dust. These have been driven by discoveries arising from new observational facilities such as the Spitzer, Planck, and Herschel Space Telescopes, as well as important parallel developments in laboratory studies of cosmic and terrestrial analog materials. This new, expanded edition reviews these developments, summarizes the current state of the field, and considers possibilities for future advances, for example with the James Webb Space Telescope. It includes introductory material for new entrants to the field alongside detailed discussion for more advanced students and researchers.
Download or read book Dust in Galactic Environment 3rd Editihb written by WHITTET and published by IOP Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dust in the galactic environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of Cosmic Dust in the Galactic Environment written by Ajay Mishra (Astrophysicist) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mysterious "21 micron" emission feature seen almost exclusively in the short-lived protoplanetary nebula (PPN) phase of stellar evolution remains unidentified since its discovery two decades ago. This feature is always accompanied by the equally mysterious, unidentified "30 micron" feature and the so-called "unidentified infrared" (UIR) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 micron which are generally attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. We explore the interrelations among the mysterious 21 micron, 30 micron, and UIR features of the 21 micron sources. We find that none of these spectral features correlate with each other. This argues against a common carrier (e.g., thiourea) for both the 21 micron feature and the 30 micron feature. This also does not support large PAH clusters as a possible carrier for the 21 micron feature. We also derive the stellar mass loss rates of these 21 micron sources from their dust infrared (IR) emission, using the "2-DUST" radiative transfer code for axisymmetric dusty systems and examine the correlation between mass loss rate of AGB phase or mass loss rate of superwind phase with that of fluxes emitted from 21 and 30 micron features. In addition, we probe the role of carbon in the ultraviolet (UV) extinction by examining the relations between the amount of carbon required to be locked up in dust with the 2175 Angstrom extinction bump and the far-UV extinction rise, based on an analysis of the extinction curves along 16 Galactic sightlines. We derive abundances of carbon from the model-independent Kramers-Kronig relation which relates the wavelength-integrated extinction to the total dust volume and is less model-dependent. We also derive carbon abundance from fitting the observed UV/optical/near infrared extinction with a mixture of amorphous silicate and graphite. We find that the carbon depletion tends to correlate with the strength of the 2175 Angstrom bump, while the abundance of silicon depleted in dust shows no correlation with the 2175 Angstrom bump. This supports graphite or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules as the possible carrier of the 2175 Angstrom bump. We also see that carbon abundance shows a trend of correlating with 1/R(V) where R(V) is the total-to-selective extinction ratio, suggesting that the far-UV extinction is more likely produced by small carbon dust than by small silicate dust. Finally, we model the infrared emission of 120 Galactic high latitude clouds and 81 Diffuse Infrared (DIR) excess clouds using silicate-graphite-PAH model. They exhibit notable cloud-to-cloud variations in the midinfrared, with the ratio of the IRAS 12 micron intensity to the IRAS 25 micron intensity varying by up to one order of magnitude. We find that hydrogen column density strongly correlates with the far-infrared emission, this indicates the presence of large grains of similar properties and abundances. Also, we find that all clouds are rich in PAHs as traced by the IRAS 12 micron data. They are heated by the local interstellar radiation field, but with the radiation intensity reduced by a factor of about 2 to 3.
Download or read book Dust in the Universe written by K. S. Krishna Swamy and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - First book to present a comprehensive study of dust in the universe
Download or read book Solar Journey The Significance of Our Galactic Environment for the Heliosphere and Earth written by P.C. Frisch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-12 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts who created the field, this volume explores uncharted scientific territory, with articles discussing the effect of our galactic environment on the heliosphere, planetary system and Earth. Leading experts in diverse fields discuss the physical changes expected as the heliosphere adjusts to its galactic environment. Topics include the interaction between solar wind and interstellar dust and gas, cosmic ray modulation, magnetospheres, variations in the solar environment, and the cosmic ray isotope record preserved in paleoclimate data.
Download or read book Essential Astrophysics written by Shantanu Basu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a reader on a tour of astronomical phenomena: from the vastness of the interstellar medium, to the formation and evolution of stars and planetary systems, through to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes, the final objects of the stellar graveyard. At its heart, this book is a journey through the evolutionary history of the birth, life, and death of stars, but detours are also made to other related interesting topics. This highly accessible story of the observed contents of our Galaxy includes intuitive explanations, informative diagrams, and basic equations, as needed. It is an ideal guide for undergraduates with some physics and mathematics background who are studying astronomy and astrophysics. It is also accessible to interested laypeople, thanks to its limited equations. Key features: Includes coverage of some of the latest exciting research from the field, including star formation, exoplanets, and black holes Can be utilised as a stand-alone textbook for a one-term course or as a supplementary textbook for a more comprehensive course on astronomy and astrophysics Authored by a team respected for research, education, and outreach Shantanu Basu is an astrophysicist and a professor at The University of Western Ontario, Canada. He is known for research contributions on the formation of gravitationally-collapsed objects in the universe: stars, planets, brown dwarfs, and supermassive black holes. He is one of the originators of the migrating embryo scenario of episodic accretion onto young stars. He has been recognized for his teaching excellence and his contributions to the astronomical community include organizing many conferences and training schools. Pranav Sharma is an astronomer and science historian known for his work on the history of the Indian Space Program. He has curated the Space Museum at the B. M. Birla Science Centre (Hyderabad, India). He is in-charge of the history of Indo-French scientific partnership project supported by the Embassy of France in India. He is a national-award-winning science communicator and has extensively worked on the popularization of astronomy education in India.
Download or read book Molecules in the Galactic Environment written by Mark A. Gordon and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1973 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies written by J.M. Shull and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-10-31 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 1992, over 300 astronomers attended the Third Tetons Summer School on the subject of `The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies'. This book presents 28 papers based on invited review talks and a panel discussion on `The Nature of High Redshift Objects'. The major themes include: the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium, Galaxy Formation and Evolution, Cooling Flows, Quasars and Radiation Backgrounds, and Interactions between Galaxies/AGNs and their Environment. Recent advances with the ROSAT, COBE and Hubble Space Telescope are discussed, together with current theoretical developments. The tutorial nature of the papers make this book a valuable supplement for professional astonomers, graduate students, and senior undergraduates. As with previous Tetons conferences, this book provides both the current state of observational and theoretical research and material complementary to courses in extragalactic and interstellar astrophysics.
Download or read book Information Handling in Astronomy Historical Vistas written by Andre Heck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique review of how astronomical information handling (in the broad sense) evolved in the course of the 20th century, and especially during its second half. It will be very useful for researchers, teachers, editors, publishers, librarians, computer scientists, sociologists of science, research planners and strategists, project managers, public-relations officers, plus those in charge of astronomy-related organizations, as well as by students aiming at a career in astronomy or related space science.
Download or read book The Origin and Evolution of the Solar System written by Michael M. Woolfson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin of the solar system has been a matter of speculation for many centuries, and since the time of Newton it has been possible to apply scientific principles to the problem. A succession of theories, starting with that of Pierre Laplace in 1796, has gained general acceptance, only to fall from favor due to its contradiction in some basic scientific principle or new heavenly observation. Modern observations by spacecraft of the solar system, the stars, and extra-solar planetary systems continuously provide new information that may be helpful in finding a plausible theory as well as present new constraints for any such theory to satisfy. The Origin and Evolution of the Solar System begins by describing historical (pre-1950) theories and illustrating why they became unacceptable. The main part of the book critically examines five extant theories, including the current paradigm, the solar nebula theory, to determine how well they fit with accepted scientific principles and observations. This analysis shows that the solar nebula theory satisfies the principles and observational constraints no better than its predecessors. The capture theory put forward by the author fares better and also indicates an initial scenario leading to a causal series of events that explain all the major features of the solar system.
Download or read book The Physics of the Interstellar Medium written by J E Dyson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book leads the advanced undergraduate through the wide range of disciplines related to an understanding of the interstellar medium and is suitable for any student studying either physics or astrophysics. The study of the interstellar medium incorporates a large range of physical More...processes on both large and small scales all of which are covered in this text. Together with the inclusion of simple models and problems at the end of each chapter this text provides a comprehensive overview and grounding in the study of the interstellar medium.
Download or read book The Formation of Stars written by Steven W. Stahler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive treatment of star formation, one of the most active fields of modern astronomy. The reader is guided through the subject in a logically compelling manner. Starting from a general description of stars and interstellar clouds, the authors delineate the earliest phases of stellar evolution. They discuss formation activity not only in the Milky Way, but also in other galaxies, both now and in the remote past. Theory and observation are thoroughly integrated, with the aid of numerous figures and images. In summary, this volume is an invaluable resource, both as a text for physics and astronomy graduate students, and as a reference for professional scientists.
Download or read book Fullerenes and Nanotubes written by Prashant V. Kamat and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2003 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Chemistry of Cosmic written by David A Williams and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book devoted to a study of the chemistry of cosmic dust, presenting current thinking on the subject distilled from many publications in surface and solid-state science, and in astronomy.
Download or read book Origins of Life written by Douglas Whittet and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Origins of Life: A Cosmic Perspective presents an overview of the concepts, methods, and theories of astrobiology and origins of life research while presenting a summary of the latest findings. The book provides insight into the environments and processes that gave birth to life on our planet, which naturally informs our assessment of the probability that has arisen (or will arise) elsewhere. In addition, the book encourages readers to go beyond basic concepts, to explore topics in greater depth, and to engage in lively discussions. The text is intended to be suitable for mid- and upper-level undergraduates and beginning graduate students and more generally as an introduction and overview for researchers and general readers seeking to follow current developments in this interdisciplinary field. Readers are assumed to have a basic grounding in the relevant sciences, but prior specialized knowledge is not required. Each chapter concludes with a list of questions and discussion topics as well as suggestions for further reading. Some questions can be answered with reference to material in the text, but others require further reading and some have no known answers. The intention is to encourage readers to go beyond basic concepts, to explore topics in greater depth, and, in a classroom setting, to engage in lively discussions with class members.
