Download or read book Dual field of view Raman Lidar Measurements of Cloud Microphysical Properties written by Jörg Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis and Calibration of CRF Raman Lidar Cloud Liquid Water Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Raman lidar (RL), located at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) Climate Research Facility (CRF), is a unique state-of-the-art active remote sensor that is able to measure profiles of water vapor, aerosol, and cloud properties at high temporal and vertical resolution throughout the diurnal cycle. In October 2005, the capability of the RL was extended by the addition of a new detection channel that is sensitive to the Raman scattering of liquid water. This new channel permits the system, in theory, to measure profiles of liquid water content (LWC) by the RL. To our knowledge, the ARM RL is the only operation lidar with this capability. The liquid water Raman backscattering cross-section is a relatively weak and spectrally broad feature, relative to the water vapor Raman backscatter signal. The wide bandpass required to achieve reasonable signal-to-noise in the liquid water channel essentially eliminates the ability to measure LWC profiles during the daytime in the presence of large solar background, and thus all LWC observations are nighttime only. Additionally, the wide bandpass increases the probability that other undesirable signals, such as fluorescence from aerosols, may contaminate the observation. The liquid water Raman cross-section has a small amount of overlap with the water vapor Raman cross-section, and thus there will be a small amount of 'cross-talk' between the two signals, with water vapor contributing a small amount of signal to the LWC observation. And finally, there is significant uncertainty in the actual strength of the liquid water Raman cross-section in the literature. The calibrated LWC profiles, together with the coincident cloud backscatter observations also made by the RL, can be used to derive profiles of cloud droplet effective radius. By combining these profiles of effective radius in the lower portion of the cloud with the aerosol extinction measurements made below the cloud by the RL, the first aerosol indirect effect can be investigated using a single instrument, thereby reducing the uncertainty associated with aligning the different sampling periods and fields of view of multiple instruments. We have applied a "first principles" calibration to the LWC profiles. This approach requires that the relative differences in optical efficiency between the water vapor and liquid water channels be known; this relative difference is easily computed using the efficiency values of the beam splitters and interference filters in the lidar that were provided by the vendors of these components. The first principles approach then transfers the calibration from the water vapor mixing ratio to the LWC using the difference in the optical efficiency and an interpolated value of the liquid water Raman cross section from the literature, and the better established water vapor Raman cross section. After accounting for all known error sources, the vertical integral of LWC was compared against a similar value retrieved from a co-located ground-based infrared radiometer. The RL and infrared radiometer have significantly different fields of view; thus to compare the two sensors the data were averaged to 5 min intervals where only cloudy samples were included in the average of each. While there is fair scatter in the data (r=0.47), there is also a clear indication of a positive correlation between the infrared and the RL values. The value of the slope of the regression is 0.49, which indicates a tendency of the RL measurements to underestimate the total liquid amount with respect to the infrared retrieval. Research continues to investigate the source of the bias, but the most likely candidate is the large uncertainty in the liquid water Raman cross-section as there have been no direct measurements made of this parameter at the lidar's laser wavelength of 355 nm. The calibrated LWC profile was then used together with the cloud backscatter coefficient profile from the RL to derive profiles of cloud droplet effective radius and cloud droplet number density. These profiles of cloud droplet size together with the aerosol extinction observed by the same lidar are used to investigate the aerosol indirect effect in several case studies in August 2006. Russo F. "An investigation of Raman lidar measurements and their application to the study of the aerosol indirect effect", PhD Thesis (2007). Russo F., D.N. Whiteman, D.D. Turner, B.B. Demoz, R.M. Hoff, I. Veselovskii, "Measurements of the Aerosol Indirect Effect using a Raman lidar. Part 1: cloud liquid water measurements", manuscript in preparation. Russo F., D.N. Whiteman, D.D. Turner, B.B. Demoz, R.M. Hoff, I. Veselovskii, "Measurements of the Aerosol Indirect Effect using a Raman lidar. Part 2: the calculation of IE", manuscript in preparation.
Download or read book High Resolution Active Optical Remote Sensing Observations of Aerosols Clouds and Aerosol Cloud Interactions and Their Implication to Climate written by Simone Lolli and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing is of paramount importance for Earth Observation to monitor and analyze the Earth’s vital signs. In this Special Issue are reported the latest research results involving active optical remote sensing instruments, both from ground-based to satellite platforms, that are involved in analyzing the vertical and horizontal aerosol and cloud distribution, other than their geometrical, optical and microphysical properties. Those active optical remote sensing techniques are also very useful in determining pollutant dispersion and the dynamics inside the boundary layer. The published studies put in evidence the hidden mechanisms on how pollution from the source is advected transnationally in other countries and the interaction with local meteorology.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Modern Optics written by Bob D. Guenther and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-14 with total page 2253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Modern Optics, Second Edition, Five Volume Set provides a wide-ranging overview of the field, comprising authoritative reference articles for undergraduate and postgraduate students and those researching outside their area of expertise. Topics covered include classical and quantum optics, lasers, optical fibers and optical fiber systems, optical materials and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Articles cover all subfields of optical physics and engineering, such as electro-optical design of modulators and detectors. This update contains contributions from international experts who discuss topics such as nano-photonics and plasmonics, optical interconnects, photonic crystals and 2D materials, such as graphene or holy fibers. Other topics of note include solar energy, high efficiency LED’s and their use in illumination, orbital angular momentum, quantum optics and information, metamaterials and transformation optics, high power fiber and UV fiber lasers, random lasers and bio-imaging. Addresses recent developments in the field and integrates concepts from fundamental physics with applications for manufacturing and engineering/design Provides a broad and interdisciplinary coverage of specialist areas Ensures that the material is appropriate for new researchers and those working in a new sub-field, as well as those in industry Thematically arranged and alphabetically indexed, with cross-references added to facilitate ease-of-use
Download or read book Raman lidar measurements of water vapor and aerosol clouds during the FIRE SPECTRE field campaign written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Springer Series in Light Scattering written by Alexander Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-24 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed at description of recent progress in radiative transfer, atmospheric remote sensing, snow optics, and light scattering. Light scattering/ radiative transfer and atmospheric optics research community will greatly benefit from the publication of this book.
Download or read book Lidar written by Claus Weitkamp and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2006-06-03 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experts in optical radar, or lidar, this book brings all the recent practices up-to-date. With a Foreword by one of the founding fathers in the area. Its broad cross-disciplinary scope should appeal to scientists ranging from the view of optical sciences to environmental engineers. Optical remote sensing has matured to become a lead method for cross-disciplinary research. This new multi-authored book reviews the state-of-the-art in a readable monograph.
Download or read book Science Plan for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program ARM written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Cirrus Cloud Optical Properties Using Ground based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer and Raman Lidar Measurements written by Daniel H. DeSlover and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Final Technical Report Cloud and Radiation Testbed CART Raman Lidar Measurement of Atmospheric Aerosols for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ARM Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vertical profiles of aerosol extinction are required for determination of the effects of aerosols on the clear-sky radiative flux. Since recent studies have demonstrated the inability to compute these profiles on surface aerosol measurements alone, vertical profiles of aerosol optical properties must be acquired to compute aerosol radiative effects throughout the entire atmospheric column. Following the recommendation of the ARM Aerosol Working Group, the investigator developed, evaluated, and implemented algorithms for the CART Raman Lidar to provide profiles of aerosol extinction and backscattering. By virtue of its ability to measure vertical profiles of both aerosol extinction and water vapor simultaneously in the same scattering volume, we used the resulting profiles from the CART Raman Lidar to investigate the impact of water vapor and relative humidity on aerosol extinction throughout the column on a continuous and routine basis. The investigator used these the CART Raman Lidar aerosol extinction and backscattering profiles to evaluate the vertical variability of aerosol extinction and the extinction/backscatter ratio over the ARM SGP site.
Download or read book Light Scattering Reviews 3 written by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the 3rd volume of a "Light Scattering Reviews" series devoted to current knowledge of light scattering problems and both experimental and theoretical research techniques related to their solution. This volume covers applications in remote sensing, inverse problems and geophysics, with a particular focus on terrestrial clouds. The influence of clouds on climate is poorly understood. The theoretical aspects of this problem constitute the main emphasis of this work.
Download or read book A combined Raman elastic backscatter lidar for measurements of cloud optical properties written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Combined Raman Elastic backscatter Lidar for Measurements of Cloud Optical Properties written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-10 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Cloud Properties Using a Raman Lidar written by David Neil Whiteman and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Arr t s et remontrances du parlement de Bordeaux au roi sur ce qui a suivi la r clamation de cette compagnie contre les lettres patentes accord es en 1752 au bureau des finances 21 juillet 1756 written by and published by . This book was released on 1756 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Free tropospheric Particles with Multiwavelengh Raman Lidar written by Detlef Müller and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
