Download or read book Distribution of the Tax Burden Across Individuals written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distribution of the Tax Burden Across Individuals written by Jane Gravelle and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crs Report for Congress written by Jane G. Gravelle and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributional issues often lie at the center of tax policy debates. Distributional analysis may address several issues: How should the tax burden be distributed or, are progressive (increasing as a share of income as income rises) taxes justified? What is the estimated distribution of the current system? How does a particular proposal change that distribution? Unlike many analyses that study optimal behavior related to allocative issues and economic efficiency, economic analysis cannot be used to answer the questions of how the tax burden should be distributed. Such an answer would depend on social preferences. Economic analysis can, however, identify trade-offs and frame the issue analytically. For example, a number of plausible answers to this question could justify progressive tax structures. Methodological issues, such as the income classifier, the unit of analysis, and assumptions regarding incidence all affect the estimates of the distribution of the current tax burden. Yet all show a similar qualitative result: the federal tax system is progressive throughout its range, although it tends to get much flatter at the top. This pattern is primarily due to the individual income tax, which is quite progressive, and actually provides subsidies at lower income levels. The other major tax is ...
Download or read book The Distribution of Tax Burdens written by Don Fullerton and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together important published papers on tax incidence written since 1950. The editors have written an introduction which provides a concise summary of the key developments in the field during this time. The volume presents writings covering the distributional impact of taxes in partial and general equilibrium models, as well as in imperfectly competitive settings. The editors have also included significant recent contributions on tax incidence in dynamic settintgs including the important emerging literature on lifetime tax incidence. The articles have been arranged to allow the reader to understand the context and historical development of the field. The volume should be useful to graduate students and scholars interested in the distribution of taxes in modern economics.
Download or read book Individual Tax Rates and Tax Burdens written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distributional Analysis of Tax Policy written by David F. Bradford and published by American Enterprise Institute. This book was released on 1995 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifteen authors and five commentators include current and former members of the Office of Tax Analysis, the Joint Committee on Taxation, and the Congressional Budget Office, lending an authority to this discussion of tax distributional tables, their methodology, and consideration for improvement. The analysis outlines the attitudes and problems in the current distributional tax methods, innovations in the JCT distribution, the use of generational accounting, transfer systems, and lifetime taxpayer profiles. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Taxation Tax Policy written by Joseph J. Cordes and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From adjusted gross income to zoning and property taxes, the second edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy offers the best and most complete guide to taxes and tax-related issues. More than 150 tax practitioners and administrators, policymakers, and academics have contributed. The result is a unique and authoritative reference that examines virtually all tax instruments used by governments (individual income, corporate income, sales and value-added, property, estate and gift, franchise, poll, and many variants of these taxes), as well as characteristics of a good tax system, budgetary issues, and many current federal, state, local, and international tax policy issues. The new edition has been completely revised, with 40 new topics and 200 articles reflecting six years of legislative changes. Each essay provides the generalist with a quick and reliable introduction to many topics but also gives tax specialists the benefit of other experts' best thinking, in a manner that makes the complex understandable. Reference lists point the reader to additional sources of information for each topic. The first edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy was selected as an Outstanding Academic Book of the Year (1999) by Choice magazine."--Publisher's website.
Download or read book Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tax Distribution and Revenue Analyses for Individual Income Taxes written by Anthony N. Treviso and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributional effects are often central policy issues in debates over tax legislation. Although economic analysis can be used to estimate the distribution of the tax system, or a tax change, it cannot be used to provide a normative or prescriptive analysis. Descriptive analyses indicate the expected effects of policies, but normative analyses indicate the optimal policy. This book discusses different philosophies about how the tax burden should be distributed, and what those philosophies imply for the shape of the tax system. It addresses the question of the justifications for a progressive tax system, as well as the measures that can be used to characterise the distributional effects of tax changes.
Download or read book Who Bears the Tax Burden written by Joseph A. Pechman and published by Washington : Brookings Institution. This book was released on 1974 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study of the tax burden on US families in 1966. Estimates the effect of all U.S. taxes on the distribution of income by size of income and by other characteristics of the taxpaying population.
Download or read book Making Money Matter written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States annually spends over $300 billion on public elementary and secondary education. As the nation enters the 21st century, it faces a major challenge: how best to tie this financial investment to the goal of high levels of achievement for all students. In addition, policymakers want assurance that education dollars are being raised and used in the most efficient and effective possible ways. The book covers such topics as: Legal and legislative efforts to reduce spending and achievement gaps. The shift from "equity" to "adequacy" as a new standard for determining fairness in education spending. The debate and the evidence over the productivity of American schools. Strategies for using school finance in support of broader reforms aimed at raising student achievement. This book contains a comprehensive review of the theory and practice of financing public schools by federal, state, and local governments in the United States. It distills the best available knowledge about the fairness and productivity of expenditures on education and assesses options for changing the finance system.
Download or read book Who Bears the Lifetime Tax Burden written by Don Fullerton and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debates about tax policy arise every year in Washington, and legislative changes occur almost as often. In just the past decade, corporate tax burdens were dramatically reduced and then subsequently increased. But who really bears the burden of taxation? Finding a satisfactory way to address this question remains one of the biggest challenges for economists. While much research has explored this issue using annual data on household incomes and expenditures, this book considers the multiple effects of taxes on individuals over their entire lifetimes. Since annual incomes typically vary from year to year, and change systematically over the course of a lifetime, annual income is not necessarily a good indicator of a person's relative well-being. Instead, Dianne Rogers and Don Fullerton categorize individuals into lifetime income groups, and re-estimate the pattern of earnings over the lifetime of each group. They utilize a general equilibrium model that encompasses household demands, work effort, and savings, and they calculate the distribution of each current tax. Because their model includes all major U.S. federal, state, and local taxes, it can be used to simulate the effects of changes in any of those taxes on investment, productivity, resource allocation, and the distribution of burdens. Don Fullerton is professor of economics at the University of Virginia and visiting professor of economics and public policy at Carnegie Mellon, School of Urban and Public Affairs. He served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Tax Analysis from 1985 to 1987. Diane Lim Rogers is assistant professor of economics at Pennsylvania State University.
Download or read book Individual Tax Rates and Tax Burdens written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2000, Congress has passed a major tax bill almost every year, beginning with the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-16) and up through the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-432). For a variety of reasons, tax issues are likely to be high on the agenda of the 110th Congress. First, while fundamental tax reform is unlikely to occur in the near-term, Treasury officials suggest that incremental changes may be made to the tax code. Second, fixing the long-term Social Security and Medicare financial shortfalls will involve benefit reductions, revenues increases, or a combination of the two. And third, a revenue neutral fix of the alternative minimum tax (AMT) will involve either expenditure reductions or revenue increases. Federal income and social insurance taxes are just two of the many taxes individuals pay. An understanding of all the major taxes individual taxpayers face is important since a change in one tax may affect taxpayer behavior and, thus, affect revenues received by other levels of government. To provide this perspective, this report examines the changes in tax rates and tax burdens on individuals, focusing primarily on income and social insurance taxes. The federal personal income tax is the largest single source of combined federal, state, and local tax revenue accounting for 27% of the total in 2005. The next largest single source is federal social insurance contributions accounting for 25% of the 2005 total. Overall, direct taxes on personal income (that is, the federal income tax, state and local income taxes, and social insurance contributions) account for 60% of total federal, state, and local tax revenues. The average federal income tax rate has fluctuated since 1960, but fluctuated around a constant rate of about 9.3%. Currently, the average tax rate is below its 45year average, but has been increasing over the past two years. The average tax rates for both federal social insurance taxes, and state and local income taxes have been steadily increasing since 1960. By 2005, the combined tax burden of social insurance taxes, and state and local income taxes was greater than that of federal income taxes. The distribution of the tax burden across income categories differs dramatically among the various types of taxes. Overall, federal taxes are progressive, in that higher income taxpayers pay a larger proportion of their income in taxes than lower income taxpayers. At the state and local level, however, the tax burden of the combination of income, property, sales, and excise taxes is highly regressive--lower income taxpayers pay a higher share of their income in state and local taxes than higher income taxpayers. This report will be updated as further information becomes available.
Download or read book The Distribution of the Tax Burden written by Edgar K. Browning and published by Studies in Tax Policy. This book was released on 1979 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph on taxation in the USA - seeks tax reform in the national level tax system which is highly progressive to make tax collection equally distributed, makes use of economic theory on taxes and explains data sources, research methodology, data analysis and statistical computing, and covers federal, state and local tax burdens, fiscal policy, income distribution, income tax, consumption tax and corporation tax. Graphs, references and statistical tables.
Download or read book Designing Fiscal Redistribution The Role of Universal and Targeted Transfers written by Mr.David Coady and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-06-26 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing debate on the relative merits of universal and targeted social assistance transfers in achieving income redistribution objectives. While the benefits of targeting are clear, i.e., a larger poverty impact for a given transfer budget or lower fiscal cost for a given poverty impact, in practice targeting also comes with various costs, including incentive, administrative, social and political costs. The appropriate balance between targeted and universal transfers will therefore depend on how countries decide to trade-off these costs and benefits as well as on the potential for redistribution through taxes. This paper discusses the trade-offs that arise in different country contexts and the potential for strengthening fiscal redistribution in advanced and developing countries, including through expanding transfer coverage and progressive tax financing.
Download or read book The Optimal Distribution of the Tax Burden Over the Business Cycle written by Kōnstantinos Angelopulos and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Individual retirement arrangements IRAs written by United States. Internal Revenue Service and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
