Download or read book Distribution Fault Location Using Short circuit Fault Current Profile Approach written by Swagata Das and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popularly used impedance-based methods need voltage and current waveform as well as line impedance per unit length to estimate distance to fault location. For a non-homogenous system with different line configuration, these methods assume that the system is homogenous and use the line impedance of the most frequently occurring line configuration. Load present in the system before fault is an important parameter which affects fault location accuracy. Impedance-based methods like Takagi and positive-sequence method assume that the load is lumped beyond the fault point which may not be true for a typical distribution system. As a result, accuracy of the impedance-based methods in estimating distance to fault is affected. Another short-coming of impedance-based methods are that they are unable to identify the branch in which the fault may be located. To minimize these errors, this thesis proposes a short-circuit fault current profile approach to complement impedance-based algorithms. In the short-circuit fault current profile approach, circuit model of the distribution feeder is used to place faults at every bus and the corresponding short-circuit fault current is plotted against reactance or distance to fault. When a fault occurs in the distribution feeder, fault current recorded by relay is extrapolated on the current profile to get location estimates. Since the circuit model is directly used in building the current profile, this approach takes into account load and non-uniform line impedance. Using the estimates from short-circuit fault current profile approach and impedance-based methods, the path on which the fault is located is identified. Next to improve fault location estimates, a median value of the estimates is computed. The median is a more robust estimate since it is not affected by outliers. The strategy developed above is tested using modified IEEE 34 Node Test Feeder and validated against field data provided by utilities. For the IEEE 34 Node Test Feeder, it is observed that the median estimate computed from impedance-based methods and the short-circuit fault current profile approach is very close to the actual fault location. Error in estimation is within 0.58 miles. It was also observed that if a 0.6 mile radius is built around the median estimate, the fault will lie within that range. Now the IEEE 34 Node Test Feeder represents a typical distribution feeder and has also been modeled to represent the worst case scenario, i.e. load current is around 51% of the fault current for the farthest bus. Hence the 0.6 mile radius around the median estimate will hold true for most distribution feeders and will be used when computing the fault range for field case events. For the field events, it was seen that the actual faults indeed lie within the 0.6 mile radius built around the median estimate and the path of the fault location has also been accurately estimated. For certain events, voltage waveform was not useful for analysis. In such situations, short-circuit fault current profile alone could be used to estimate fault location. Error in estimation is within 0.1 miles, provided the circuit model closely represents the distribution feeder.

Download or read book Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines written by Swagata Das and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with up-to-date coverage of fault location algorithms in transmission and distribution networks. The algorithms will help readers track down the exact location of a fault in the shortest possible time. Furthermore, voltage and current waveforms recorded by digital relays, digital fault recorders, and other intelligent electronic devices contain a wealth of information. Knowledge gained from analysing the fault data can help system operators understand what happened, why it happened and how it can be prevented from happening again. The book will help readers convert such raw data into useful information and improve power system performance and reliability.

Download or read book Fault Location and Service Restoration for Electrical Distribution Systems written by Jian Guo Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-depth and systemic examination of distribution automation with specific focus on fault location and service restoration Focuses on the detailed and systemic examination of fault location and service restoration in distribution grid Arms the readers with a complete picture of what fault location and service restoration is from both theoretical and practical perspectives Presents the authors' research on fault location and restoration for distribution systems since 1995 Introduces the first-hand application experience obtained from over 30 DAS (Distribution Automation System) projects in China Examines the protection approaches of electrical distribution networks automation and on relevant mechanisms associated to electrical supply restoration after (local) blackouts

Download or read book Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines written by Swagata Das and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with up-to-date coverage of fault location algorithms in transmission and distribution networks. The algorithms will help readers track down the exact location of a fault in the shortest possible time. Furthermore, voltage and current waveforms recorded by digital relays, digital fault recorders, and other intelligent electronic devices contain a wealth of information. Knowledge gained from analysing the fault data can help system operators understand what happened, why it happened and how it can be prevented from happening again. The book will help readers convert such raw data into useful information and improve power system performance and reliability.

Download or read book Fault Analysis and Model based Approach for Fault Location in Modern Grids written by Sundaravaradan Navalpakkam Ananthan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short-circuit faults are inevitable on transmission and distribution networks. Dispatching the maintenance crew directly to the location of the fault saves a significant amount of resources in the restoration process, which has motivated the development of several fault location approaches. Impedance-based fault location (IBFL) approaches are the most commonly used fault location methods in digital relays. However, each IBFL approach is designed specific to a line or network configuration and is not universal. Furthermore, they suffer from several sources of errors and do not fully utilize valuable information about the power system surrounding the faulted line that is available. This dissertation presents a novel fault location approach that utilizes a system model to overcome these limitations. The concept of the proposed model-based fault location (MBFL) approach is to estimate the fault location by identifying the closest match among various fault scenarios simulated using the system model and the actual fault scenario. A key benefit of the proposed approach is identifying the location of a fault on a neighboring line using limited measurements, as few as only the through fault current flowing in a neighboring line. Application methods for implementing MBFL efficiently and effectively have been developed, with each technique having its unique benefits. The advantages of the proposed MFBL approach and the practical applicability of each implementation technique have been demonstrated using simulations on complex network configurations as well as field data of fault events. This work also contributes towards tools to supplement fault analysis applications in ac and dc systems. An algorithm to select an appropriate time instant in a fault record to extract phasors for post-fault event report analysis applications was developed. In low-voltage dc distribution systems, fault signatures of series-arc faults were identified to aid arc detection. Overall, the research work presented in this dissertation makes substantive contributions to fault location and fault analysis in transmission and distribution systems

Download or read book Fault Location on Power Networks written by Murari Mohan Saha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fault Location on Power Lines enables readers to pinpoint the location of a fault on power lines following a disturbance. The nine chapters are organised according to the design of different locators. The authors do not simply refer the reader to manufacturers’ documentation, but instead have compiled detailed information to allow for in-depth comparison. Fault Location on Power Lines describes basic algorithms used in fault locators, focusing on fault location on overhead transmission lines, but also covering fault location in distribution networks. An application of artificial intelligence in this field is also presented, to help the reader to understand all aspects of fault location on overhead lines, including both the design and application standpoints. Professional engineers, researchers, and postgraduate and undergraduate students will find Fault Location on Power Lines a valuable resource, which enables them to reproduce complete algorithms of digital fault locators in their basic forms.

Download or read book Fault Location and Analysis in Transmission and Distribution Networks written by Swagata Das and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short-circuit faults are inevitable on transmission and distribution networks. In an effort to provide system operators with an accurate location estimate and reduce service restoration times, several impedance-based fault location algorithms have been developed for transmission and distribution networks. Each algorithm has specific input data requirements and make certain assumptions that may or may not hold true in a particular scenario. Identifying the best fault location approach, therefore, requires a thorough understanding of the working principle behind each algorithm. Moreover, impedance-based fault location algorithms require voltage and current phasors, captured by intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), to estimate the fault location. Unfortunately, voltage phasors are not always available due to operational constraints or equipment failure. Furthermore, impedance-based fault location algorithms assume a radial distribution feeder. With increased interconnection of distributed generators (DGs) to the feeder, this assumption is violated. DGs also contribute to the fault and severely compromise the accuracy of location estimates. In addition, the variability of certain DGs such as the fixed-speed wind turbine can alter fault current levels and result in relay misoperations. Finally, data recorded by IEDs during a fault contain a wealth of information and are prime for use in other applications that improve power system reliability. Based on the above background, the first objective of this dissertation is to present a comprehensive theory of impedance-based fault location algorithms. The contributions lie in clearly specifying the input data requirement of each algorithm and identifying their strengths and weaknesses. The following criteria are recommended for selecting the most suitable fault location algorithm: (a) data availability and (b) application scenario. The second objective is to develop fault location algorithms that use only the current to estimate the fault location. The simple but powerful algorithms allow system operators to locate faults even in the absence of voltage data. The third objective is to investigate the shortcomings of existing fault location algorithms when DGs are interconnected to the distribution feeder and develop an improved solution. A novel algorithm is proposed that require only the voltage and current phasors at the substation, is straightforward to implement, and is capable of locating all fault types. The fourth objective is to examine the effects of wind speed variation on the maximum and minimum fault current levels of a wind turbine and investigate the impact on relay settings. Contributions include developing an accurate time-domain model of a fixed-speed wind turbine with tower shadow and wind shear and verifying that the variation in wind speed does not violate relay settings calculated using the IEC 60909-0 Standard. The final objective is to exploit intelligent electronic device data for improving power system reliability. Contributions include validating the zero-sequence impedance of multi-terminal transmission lines with unsynchronized measurements, reconstructing the sequence of events, assessing relay performance, estimating the fault resistance, and verifying the accuracy of the system model. Overall, the research presented in this dissertation aims to describe the theory of impedance-based fault location, identify the sources of fault location error, propose solutions to overcome those error sources, and share lessons learned from analyzing intelligent electronic device data. The research is expected to reduce service downtime, prevent protection system misoperations, and improve power quality.

Download or read book 2020 4th International Conference on HVDC HVDC written by IEEE Staff and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference will feature plenary speeches, tutorials, and technical sessions on HVDC technologies, including LCC HVDC, VSC HVDC, HVDC power grids, and DC power systems

Download or read book Fault Location Techniques for Distribution Feeders Containing Distributed Generation written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Identification of Exact Fault Location on a Distribution Network Using Combined Fault Location and Heuristic based Sensor Placement Algorithm written by Namit Sankhyan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fault occurrence on power system lines is an inevitable phenomenon. Therefore, mitigation of the resulting consequences of power interruption from such events becomes a priority. The process involved in remedying the faulted element on the distribution network consists of first, identifying the occurrence of faults on the system and, secondly, but more importantly, identifying the location of the faulted element swiftly and accurately. The impedance-based fault location (IBFL) techniques have been traditionally employed to estimate the location of the fault on a distribution system. These methods use system parameters to determine the distance to the fault on the network. Although straightforward when applied to simple circuits, these methods have an acceptable margin of error associated with them for approximating the exact location of the fault on the system. Furthermore, the accuracy of IBFL methods in approximating the exact location of the fault significantly reduces when implemented on an intricate distribution system. The reason behind this complication can be attributed to the complexity of the distribution network that arises due to the multiple laterals on the system. The IBFL methods result in the distance estimate of the fault from one end of the system instead of determining the exact location of the fault on the network. Therefore, the interpretation of the results to truly identify the fault's location is not straightforward because of the multiple laterals. One way to compensate for this limitation is to place additional sensors on the distribution system that could help interpret the distance estimate to identify the exact location of the fault. Hence, to overcome the limitation, a combined algorithm is proposed in this thesis. The proposed combined algorithm integrates the traditional impedance-based fault location methods like the Takagi method with an intelligent sensor network across the distribution feeder determined by the proposed sensor placement algorithm. When implemented with the Takagi method, the heuristic-based optimal sensor placement algorithm can elevate the accuracy of determining the exact fault location on the distribution network. The heuristic-based sensor placement algorithm is developed to determine the optimal location to place additional sensors on the system to achieve more accurate fault location. The results from the sensor placement algorithm are then used along with the Takagi method to find the exact fault location on the distribution network with more accuracy. The proposed sensor placement algorithm is developed using a test 15-bus distribution system and later implemented on a real-world distribution system to verify its application in better identifying the exact fault location established on the results from the IBFL method

Download or read book Smart Grids and Their Communication Systems written by Ersan Kabalci and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a broad overview of emerging smart grid technologies and communication systems, offering a helpful guide for future research in the field of electrical engineering and communication engineering. It explores recent advances in several computing technologies and their performance evaluation, and addresses a wide range of topics, such as the essentials of smart grids for fifth generation (5G) communication systems. It also elaborates the role of emerging communication systems such as 5G, internet of things (IoT), IEEE 802.15.4 and cognitive radio networks in smart grids. The book includes detailed surveys and case studies on current trends in smart grid systems and communications for smart metering and monitoring, smart grid energy storage systems, modulations and waveforms for 5G networks. As such, it will be of interest to practitioners and researchers in the field of smart grid and communication infrastructures alike.

Download or read book Distribution Reliability and Power Quality written by Thomas Allen Short and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power distribution and quality remain the key challenges facing the electrical utilities industry. Technology alone cannot provide a solution to power quality problems, and there exists a variety of procedures and programs that can be put in place to ensure reliable, high quality electricity. With chapters carefully culled from the best-selling Electric Power Distribution Handbook, Distribution Reliability and Power Quality provides an economical, sharply focused reference for engineers and technicians working in this specialty area of power distribution. The book introduces the concept of reliability, outlining various methods of assessing and improving reliability along with the factors that affect it. It follows with a detailed look at voltage sags and momentary interruptions, various solutions to these issues, power quality monitoring, and other quality issues such as voltage unbalance and harmonics. Because faults are the cause of many interruptions and other power quality problems, the author devotes a detailed chapter to various aspects of faults. Focused on enhancing the delivery of high-quality power, this volume includes a new chapter on reliability and power quality improvement programs that provide a roadmap to better performance and ultimately to higher efficiency. Presenting a host of practical solutions for reliability and power quality specialists, Distribution Reliability and Power Quality gathers critical tools, techniques, and knowledge into a single source that is ideally suited for immediate implementation.

Download or read book Distribution System Modeling and Analysis written by William H. Kersting and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-08-31 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, distribution engineers did not have the sophisticated tools developed for analyzing transmission systems-often they had only their instincts. Things have changed, and we now have computer programs that allow engineers to simulate, analyze, and optimize distribution systems. Powerful as these programs are, however, without a real unders

Download or read book 2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe ISGT Europe written by IEEE Staff and published by . This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general scope of the IEEE PES ISGT Europe Conference is to promote, share, and discuss innovations and developments in the field of smart grid technologies and applications Some of the relevant topics are Smart grid planning, design, and operation Demand response and real time pricing Electric vehicles and interactions with the grid Smart multi energy infrastructures and the environment Smart Grids and high voltage engineering Large scale integration of renewable energy and virtual power plants Information and communication technologies for smart grids, interoperability, and cyber security Wide area monitoring, protection, and control Institutional design for smart grids Market design and regulatory issues Smart grid maintenance and asset management Costs, risks, and benefits associated with smart grid technologies Big and open data, etc

Download or read book Electric Distribution Systems written by Abdelhay A. Sallam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of the theory and practice for designing, operating, and optimizing electric distribution systems, revised and updated Now in its second edition, Electric Distribution Systems has been revised and updated and continues to provide a two-tiered approach for designing, installing, and managing effective and efficient electric distribution systems. With an emphasis on both the practical and theoretical approaches, the text is a guide to the underlying theory and concepts and provides a resource for applying that knowledge to problem solving. The authors—noted experts in the field—explain the analytical tools and techniques essential for designing and operating electric distribution systems. In addition, the authors reinforce the theories and practical information presented with real-world examples as well as hundreds of clear illustrations and photos. This essential resource contains the information needed to design electric distribution systems that meet the requirements of specific loads, cities, and zones. The authors also show how to recognize and quickly respond to problems that may occur during system operations, as well as revealing how to improve the performance of electric distribution systems with effective system automation and monitoring. This updated edition: • Contains new information about recent developments in the field particularly in regard to renewable energy generation • Clarifies the perspective of various aspects relating to protection schemes and accompanying equipment • Includes illustrative descriptions of a variety of distributed energy sources and their integration with distribution systems • Explains the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, various types of energy storage systems and the role they play to improve power quality, stability, and reliability Written for engineers in electric utilities, regulators, and consultants working with electric distribution systems planning and projects, the second edition of Electric Distribution Systems offers an updated text to both the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of electrical distribution systems.

Download or read book Localization of Short Circuit Faults in the Power Distribution Networks written by Omkar Deepak Limaye and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis summarizes the research efforts on localizing short-circuit faults in power distribution networks. Specifically, an experimental testbed is constructed to emulate realistic power distribution networks; various short-circuit faults are artificially created in the testbed; voltages/currents are measured over the testbed; and finally, fault localization is achieved by analyzing the measurement data. Two types of power distribution networks are analyzed: serial/radial and grid/mesh networks. In the serial network, a scheme based on terminal voltage and current measurements is developed. Two voltage profiles, namely "forward voltage profile" and "backward voltage profile," are plotted and their intersection is estimated as the fault location. This algorithm is found effective to provide accurate results for different fault impedances. In the case of grid/mesh network, two novel fault localization algorithms, "signature pattern recognition" and "sparse sensing," are implemented. They are both validated by extensive experimental data. The accuracy and robustness of the two algorithms are compared. It is observed that, standard voltage measurements at a small number of pre-selected nodes suffice to localize the faults precisely; and hence, our fault localization scheme is of low cost. In addition, the algorithms are found to be highly efficient: typically, fault localization is completed in less than 50 ms.

Download or read book Electric Power Distribution Handbook written by Thomas Allen Short and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-15 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the ...big three... components of the electricity infrastructure, distribution typically gets the least attention, and no thorough, up-to-date treatment of the subject has been published in years. Filling that void, the Electric Power Distribution Handbook provides comprehensive information on the electrical aspects of power distribution systems. It is an unparalleled source for the background information, hard-to-find tables, graphs, methods, and statistics that power engineers need, and includes tips and solutions for problem solving and improving performance. In short, this handbook gives readers the tools they need to understand the science and practices of distribution systems.