Download or read book Disponibilit spatio temporelle et transfert des pesticides dans le sol written by Arnaud Boivin and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dans les sols, les pesticides présents sous une forme disponible peuvent être transférés par l'eau mobile et contaminer les eaux. Le travail mené consiste à caractériser le comportement de différents couples sol- pesticides du laboratoire au champ, et de la minute à la saison climatique, afin d'évaluer la pertinence des paramètres déterminés. La disponibilité immédiate d'une molécule est régie par les processus d'adsorption/désorption. Des expérimentations d'adsorption en séries avec 13 sols variés ont permis une classification de cinq molécules: Kf trifluraline ” Kf 2,4-0 > Kf isoproturon > Kf atrazine > Kf bentazone. Le pH naturel des sols influence significativement l'adsorption de la bentazone alors que la composante organique des sols influence l'adsorption des quatre autres molécules. La sorption et la désorption sont des processus dynamiques qui interagissent avec la dégradation du composé. Dans les sols, les résidus présents à un temps donné peuvent être sous une forme extractible ou non. La diffusion de la bentazone, liée à sa solubilité, entraîne son piégeage dans la matrice organo-minérale des sols, alors que l'importante minéralisation du 2,4-D limite sa disponibilité. Au champ, l'hydrodynamique des sols gouverne le devenir des pesticides appliqués. Le suivi des quantités exportées par les eaux de drainage met en évidence des variations intra- et inter-saisons liées aux propriétés physico-chimiques des sols et des molécules. Les paramètres déterminés au laboratoire sont insuffisants pour aborder la complexité des processus in situ. Les simulations du transfert des produits réalisées par le modèle mécanistique, stochastique AgriFlux[copyright] ont fourni des résultats cohérents.
Download or read book Transfert de pesticides dans les eaux de surface aux chelles de la parcelle et d un bassin versant viticole written by Xavier Louchart and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LE RISQUE DE CONTAMINATION DES EAUX DE SURFACE PAR LES PRODUITS PHYTOSANITAIRES EST UN PROBLEME ENVIRONNEMENTAL CROISSANT. CE TRAVAIL PORTE SUR L'ETUDE DES PROCESSUS DE TRANSFERT PAR RUISSELLEMENT DE DEUX HERBICIDES (DIURON ET SIMAZINE) AUX ECHELLES DE LA PARCELLE ET DU BASSIN VERSANT, SUR UN SITE EXPERIMENTAL VITICOLE MEDITERRANEEN (ROUJAN, HERAULT). IL VISE EGALEMENT A EVALUER L'INFLUENCE DE DEUX PRATIQUES CULTURALES MAJEURES EN VIGNOBLE LANGUEDOCIEN SUR LA CONTAMINATION DES EAUX DE SURFACE. LA DEMARCHE EXPERIMENTALE MISE EN UVRE A CONSISTE EN UN SUIVI SUR 3 ANNEES DES TENEURS EN HERBICIDES DANS LE SOL ET EN UN SUIVI DES FLUX D'HERBICIDES DANS L'EAU DE RUISSELLEMENT AUX EXUTOIRES DE DEUX PARCELLES ET DU BASSIN VERSANT. A L'ECHELLE DE LA PARCELLE, NOUS AVONS CARACTERISE LA VARIABILITE SPATIO-TEMPORELLE DE LA DISSIPATION DES HERBICIDES DANS LE SOL EN RELATION AVEC LES EVOLUTIONS DE LA TENEUR EN EAU ET DE LA TEMPERATURE DU SOL, ET MODELISE LES CINETIQUES DE DISSIPATION OBSERVEES. LA DISPONIBILITE DES HERBICIDES A L'EAU DE RUISSELLEMENT DIMINUE AU COURS DU TEMPS. MAIS LES HERBICIDES SONT DETECTABLES TOUTE L'ANNEE DANS LES EAUX DE SURFACE A DES CONCENTRATIONS DE 0.1 A 1000 G/L. LES PERTES ANNUELLES EN HERBICIDES DANS LES EAUX DE RUISSELLEMENT VARIENT DE 1 A PLUS DE 10% DES QUANTITES APPLIQUEES. UNE TYPOLOGIE DES EVOLUTIONS DE CONCENTRATIONS AU COURS DES CRUES A ETE REALISEE. LES TYPES DE CRUE IDENTIFIES CORRESPONDENT A DES EVENEMENTS D'INTENSITES DE PLUIE DIFFERENTES. LES IMPLICATIONS DE CES RESULTATS EN TERME DE MOBILISATION DES HERBICIDES DU SOL PAR L'EAU DE RUISSELLEMENT SONT DISCUTEES. A L'ECHELLE DU BASSIN VERSANT, DU FAIT DE LA PREPONDERANCE DU RUISSELLEMENT DE SURFACE DANS L'ECOULEMENT, AUCUN EFFET D'ECHELLE N'EST OBSERVE SUR LES CONCENTRATIONS EN PERIODE DE CRUE PAR RAPPORT AUX PARCELLES. PAR CONTRE, LES PERTES ANNUELLES EN HERBICIDES SONT BIEN INFERIEURES A CELLES DE PARCELLES (
Download or read book TRANSFERT DE PESTICIDES DANS LES EAUX DE SURFACE AUX ECHELLES DE LA PARCELLE ET D UN BASSIN VERSANT VITICOLE written by Xavier Louchart and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LE RISQUE DE CONTAMINATION DES EAUX DE SURFACE PAR LES PRODUITS PHYTOSANITAIRES EST UN PROBLEME ENVIRONNEMENTAL CROISSANT. CE TRAVAIL PORTE SUR L'ETUDE DES PROCESSUS DE TRANSFERT PAR RUISSELLEMENT DE DEUX HERBICIDES (DIURON ET SIMAZINE) AUX ECHELLES DE LA PARCELLE ET DU BASSIN VERSANT, SUR UN SITE EXPERIMENTAL VITICOLE MEDITERRANEEN (ROUJAN, HERAULT). IL VISE EGALEMENT A EVALUER L'INFLUENCE DE DEUX PRATIQUES CULTURALES MAJEURES EN VIGNOBLE LANGUEDOCIEN SUR LA CONTAMINATION DES EAUX DE SURFACE. LA DEMARCHE EXPERIMENTALE MISE EN UVRE A CONSISTE EN UN SUIVI SUR 3 ANNEES DES TENEURS EN HERBICIDES DANS LE SOL ET EN UN SUIVI DES FLUX D'HERBICIDES DANS L'EAU DE RUISSELLEMENT AUX EXUTOIRES DE DEUX PARCELLES ET DU BASSIN VERSANT. A L'ECHELLE DE LA PARCELLE, NOUS AVONS CARACTERISE LA VARIABILITE SPATIO-TEMPORELLE DE LA DISSIPATION DES HERBICIDES DANS LE SOL EN RELATION AVEC LES EVOLUTIONS DE LA TENEUR EN EAU ET DE LA TEMPERATURE DU SOL, ET MODELISE LES CINETIQUES DE DISSIPATION OBSERVEES. LA DISPONIBILITE DES HERBICIDES A L'EAU DE RUISSELLEMENT DIMINUE AU COURS DU TEMPS. MAIS LES HERBICIDES SONT DETECTABLES TOUTE L'ANNEE DANS LES EAUX DE SURFACE A DES CONCENTRATIONS DE 0.1 A 1000 G/L. LES PERTES ANNUELLES EN HERBICIDES DANS LES EAUX DE RUISSELLEMENT VARIENT DE 1 A PLUS DE 10% DES QUANTITES APPLIQUEES. UNE TYPOLOGIE DES EVOLUTIONS DE CONCENTRATIONS AU COURS DES CRUES A ETE REALISEE. LES TYPES DE CRUE IDENTIFIES CORRESPONDENT A DES EVENEMENTS D'INTENSITES DE PLUIE DIFFERENTES. LES IMPLICATIONS DE CES RESULTATS EN TERME DE MOBILISATION DES HERBICIDES DU SOL PAR L'EAU DE RUISSELLEMENT SONT DISCUTEES. A L'ECHELLE DU BASSIN VERSANT, DU FAIT DE LA PREPONDERANCE DU RUISSELLEMENT DE SURFACE DANS L'ECOULEMENT, AUCUN EFFET D'ECHELLE N'EST OBSERVE SUR LES CONCENTRATIONS EN PERIODE DE CRUE PAR RAPPORT AUX PARCELLES. PAR CONTRE, LES PERTES ANNUELLES EN HERBICIDES SONT BIEN INFERIEURES A CELLES DE PARCELLES (
Download or read book Knowing our lands and resources written by Roué, Marie and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Genesis and Classification written by S. W. Buol and published by Iowa State Press. This book was released on 1973 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morphology of soils; Soil micromorphology; Soil composition and characterization; Weathering and soil formation; Pedogenic processes: internal, soil-building processes; Soil environment: External factors of soil formation; Parent material: initial material of the solum; Relief and landscape factors of the soil and its environment; Contributions of climate to the total soil environment; Organisms: biological portion of the soil and its environment; Time as a factor of soil formation; Principles and historical development of soil classification; Modern soil classification systems; Entisols:recently formed soils: Vertisols: shrinking and swelling dark clay soils; In ceptisols: emleryonic soils with few diagnostic features; Aridisols: soils of arid regions; Mollisols: grassland soils of steppes and prairies; Spodosols: soils with subsoil, accumulations of sesquioxide and humus; Alfisols:high base status soils; Ultisols: low base status forest soils: Oxisols: sesquioxide - rihch, highly weathered soils of the intertropical regions; Histosols: organic soils.
Download or read book The Mediterranean region under climate change written by Collectif and published by IRD Éditions. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.
Download or read book ARS W written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book What is the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).
Download or read book Agroecological Transitions From Theory to Practice in Local Participatory Design written by Jacques-Eric Bergez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book presents feedback from the ‘Territorial Agroecological Transition in Action’- TATA-BOX research project, which was devoted to these specific issues. The multidisciplinary and multi-organisation research team steered a four-year action-research process in two territories of France. It also presents: i) the key dimensions to be considered when dealing with agroecological transition: diversity of agriculture models, management of uncertainties, polycentric governance, autonomies, and role of actors’ networks; ii) an operational and original participatory process and associated boundary tools to support local stakeholders in shifting from a shared diagnosis to a shared action plan for transition, and in so doing developing mutual understanding and involvement; iii) an analysis of the main effects of the methodology on research organisation and on stakeholders’ development and application; iv) critical analysis and foresights on the main outcomes of TATA-BOX, provided by external researchers.
Download or read book World Atlas of Desertification written by United Nations Environment Programme and published by Hodder Arnold. This book was released on 1997 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Atlas of Desertification summarises the state of scientific knowledge on the drylands of the globe. Representing in graphic form the current stage of our understanding of desertification, as well as its extent and possible solutions, it contains an extraordinary amount of information of value to students and experts alike. The Atlas clearly shows that desertification is one of the world's most pressing environmental problems, and that it is a truly global issue. Since the publication of the first edition in 1992, over 100 countries have ratified the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. This 2nd edition reflects major advances in our understanding of desertification over the past few years and has been thoroughly revised and expanded to almost twice its original size. Because combating desertification involves all aspects of environmental issues, this edition covers a broader range of topics, including concerns surrounding poverty, biodiversity, climate change and the availability of water. Social and economic conditions also have a major impact on the progress and control of desertification and this edition contains the latest information on population movements which result from, and lead to desertification. Desertification directly affects the livelihoods of more than one billion people who are directly dependent on the land for their survival. Using the latest updated digitised maps of desertification and fully referenced throughout, this Atlas is essential reading for everyone concerned with the drylands and their people.
Download or read book Oriental Despotism written by Karl August Wittfogel and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mapping drought patterns and impacts a global perspective written by Nishadi Eriyagama and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study examines the global pattern and impacts of droughts through mapping several drought-related characteristics - either at a country level or at regular grid scales. It appears that arid and semi-arid areas also tend to have a higher probability of drought occurrence. It is illustrated that the African continent is lagging behind the rest of the world on many indicators related to drought-preparedness and that agricultural economies, overall, are much more vulnerable to adverse societal impacts of meteorological droughts. The study also examines the ability of various countries to satisfy their water needs during droughts using storage-related indices.
Download or read book Saints of the Atlas written by Ernest Gellner and published by ACLS History E-Book Project. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crying Out for Change written by Deepa Narayan-Parker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multi-country research initiative to understand poverty from the eyes of the poor, the Voices of the Poor project was undertaken to inform the World Bank's activities and the upcoming World Development Report 2000/01. The research findings are being published in three books: "Can Anyone Hear Us?" gathers the voices of over 40,000 poor women and men in 50 countries from the World Bank's participatory poverty assessments (Deepa Narayan, Raj Patel, Kai Schafft, Anne Rademacher, and Sarah Koch-Schulte, authors). "Crying Out for Change" pulls together new field work conducted in 1999 in 23 countries (Deepa Narayan, Robert Chambers, Meera Shah, and Patti Petesch, authors). "From Many Lands" offers regional patterns and country case-studies (Deepa Narayan and Patti Petesch, editors). Voices of the Poor marks the first time such an exercise has been undertaken in so many developing countries and transition economies around the world. It provides a unique and detailed picture of the life of the poor and explains the constraints poor people face to escape from poverty in a way that more traditional survey techniques do not capture well. Each of the three volumes demonstrates the importance of voice and power in poor people's definition of poverty. Voices of the Poor concludes that we need to expand our conventional views of poverty which focus on income expenditure, education, and health to include measures of voice and empowerment.
Download or read book Cassava Mealybug Interactions written by Paul-André Calatayud and published by IRD Editions. This book was released on 2006 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most basic information on plant-mealybug interactions during the last decade has come from research on the cassava Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) system with two mealybug species, namely Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero and Phenacoccus herreni Cox and Williams (Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae). Both these insects cause severe damage to cassava in Africa and South America, respectively. This book reviews these interactions (plant selection by the insects, nutritional requirements
Download or read book Modelling Soil Erosion Sediment Transport and Closely Related Hydrological Processes written by Wolfgang Summer and published by IAHS Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Grassroots Indicators for Desertification written by and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1996 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
