Download or read book Die methodische und inhaltliche Funktion des Urzustandes in John Rawls Gerechtigkeit als Fairness written by Anne-Karen Fischer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Praktische (Ethik, Ästhetik, Kultur, Natur, Recht, ...), Note: 1,0, Universität Konstanz, Veranstaltung: Kurs, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Im folgenden Verlauf möchte ich genauer auf diesen Urzustand eingehen und mich vor allem mit der methodischen und inhaltlichen Funktion des „Urzustandes“ in John Rawls' „Gerechtigkeit als Fairness“ beschäftigen. John Rawls ist wohl einer der bedeutendsten Philosophen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Er gilt als wesentlicher Vertreter der liberalen politischen Philosophie und ihm wird das Verdienst zugeschrieben, an der aktuellen (Wieder-)Belebung politischer Philosophie maßgeblich beteiligt gewesen zu sein. In seinem Werk „The Theory of Justice“ oder zu Deutsch „Gerechtigkeit als Fairness“ bestimmt er die Rolle der Gerechtigkeit als erste Tugend sozialer Institutionen. Er definiert in diesem Werk Gerechtigkeitsgrundsätze, die die Grundstruktur der Gesellschaft festlegen sollen, d. h. die Zuweisung von Rechten und Pflichten und die Verteilung der Güter. Rawls stellt sich dazu die Frage: Für welche Grundsätze würden sich freie und vernünftige Menschen in einer fairen und gleichen Ausgangssituation in ihrem eigenen Interesse entscheiden? Diese faire und gleiche Ausgangssituation bezeichnet Rawls als „Urzustand“ und beschreibt ihn ausführlich und detailliert. Durch diesen Urzustand sollen Rawls Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien legitimiert und deren Entstehung verständlich gemacht werden. Deswegen ist er ein essentieller Teil von John Rawls Gerechtigkeitstheorie und verdient eine genauere Betrachtung. Im folgenden Verlauf möchte ich genauer auf diesen Urzustand eingehen und mich vor allem mit der methodischen und inhaltlichen Funktion des „Urzustandes“ in John Rawls' „Gerechtigkeit als Fairness“ beschäftigen.
Download or read book Rawls Explained written by Paul Voice and published by Open Court Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this context Rawls challenges us to see the world through the lens of fairness. Injustice can only be effectively challenged if we can articulate, to ourselves and to others, both why a situation is unjust and how we might move towards justice. Political philosophy at its best offers both an answer to the why of injustice and the how of political and economic change. --
Download or read book John Rawls written by Catherine Audard and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book John Rawls written by Thomas Pogge and published by C.H.Beck. This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Theory of Justice written by John Rawls and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since it appeared in 1971, John Rawls's A Theory of Justice has become a classic. The author has now revised the original edition to clear up a number of difficulties he and others have found in the original book. Rawls aims to express an essential part of the common core of the democratic tradition--justice as fairness--and to provide an alternative to utilitarianism, which had dominated the Anglo-Saxon tradition of political thought since the nineteenth century. Rawls substitutes the ideal of the social contract as a more satisfactory account of the basic rights and liberties of citizens as free and equal persons. "Each person," writes Rawls, "possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override." Advancing the ideas of Rousseau, Kant, Emerson, and Lincoln, Rawls's theory is as powerful today as it was when first published.
Download or read book Reconstructing Rawls written by Robert S. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Compares the theories of John Rawls and Emmanuel Kant, and offers an internal critique and reconstruction of justice as fairness, reconceiving it as a comprehensive, universalistic Kantian liberalism"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Justice as Fairness written by John Rawls and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2001-05-16 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book originated as lectures for a course on political philosophy that Rawls taught regularly at Harvard in the 1980s. In time the lectures became a restatement of his theory of justice as fairness, revised in light of his more recent papers and his treatise Political Liberalism (1993). As Rawls writes in the preface, the restatement presents "in one place an account of justice as fairness as I now see it, drawing on all [my previous] works." He offers a broad overview of his main lines of thought and also explores specific issues never before addressed in any of his writings. Rawls is well aware that since the publication of A Theory of Justice in 1971, American society has moved farther away from the idea of justice as fairness. Yet his ideas retain their power and relevance to debates in a pluralistic society about the meaning and theoretical viability of liberalism. This book demonstrates that moral clarity can be achieved even when a collective commitment to justice is uncertain.
Download or read book Why Political Liberalism written by Paul Weithman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Why Political Liberalism?, Paul Weithman offers a fresh, rigorous, and compelling interpretation of John Rawls's reasons for taking his so-called "political turn". Weithman takes Rawls at his word that justice as fairness was recast as a form of political liberalism because of an inconsistency Rawls found in his early treatment of social stability. He argues that the inconsistency is best seen by identifying the threats to stability with which the early Rawls was concerned. One of those threats, often overlooked by Rawls's readers, is the threat that the justice of a well-ordered society would be undermined by a generalized prisoner's dilemma. Showing how the Rawls of "A Theory of Justice" tried to avert that threat shows that the much-neglected third part of that book is of considerably greater philosophical interest, and has considerably more unity of focus, than is generally appreciated. Weithman painstakingly reconstructs Rawls's attempts to show that a just society would be stable, and just as carefully shows why Rawls came to think those arguments were inconsistent with other parts of his theory. Weithman then shows that the changes Rawls introduced into his view between "Theory of Justice" and "Political Liberalism" result from his attempt to remove the inconsistency and show that the hazard of the generalized prisoner's dilemma can be averted after all. Recovering Rawls's two treatments of stability helps to answer contested questions about the role of the original position and the foundations of justice as fairness. The result is a powerful and unified reading of Rawls's work that explains his political turn and shows his enduring engagement with some of the deepest concerns of human life.
Download or read book An Analysis of John Rawls s A Theory of Justice written by Filippo Dionigi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Rawls's A Theory of Justice is one of the most influential works of legal and political theory published since the Second World War. It provides a memorably well-constructed and sustained argument in favour of a new (social contract) version of the meaning of social justice. In setting out this argument, Rawls aims to construct a viable, systematic doctrine designed to ensure that the process of maximizing good is both conscious and coherent – and the result is a work that foregrounds the critical thinking skill of reasoning. Rawls's focus falls equally on discussions of the failings of existing systems – not least among them Marxism and Utilitarianism – and on explanation of his own new theory of justice. By illustrating how he arrived at his conclusions, and by clearly explaining and justifying his own liberal, pluralist values, Rawls is able to produce a well structured argument that is fully focused on the need to persuade. Rawls explicitly explains his goals. He discusses other ways of conceptualizing a just society and deals with counter-arguments by explaining his objections to them. Then, carefully and methodically, he defines a number of concepts and tools—“thought experiments”—that help the reader to follow his reasoning and test his ideas. Rawls’s hypothesis is that his ideas about justice can be universally applied: they can be accepted as rational in any society at any time.
Download or read book Balancing Reasonable Justice written by Ville Päivänsalo and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Rawls's pioneering work of political philosophy A Theory of Justice has had far reaching influence on modern liberal political philosophy. Rawls' sprinciples of justice as fairness: the principle of liberty, the principle of fair equality of opportunity and the famous 'difference principle' have been both heavily criticized and incorporated into other political theories. In this book Päivänsalo both presents a deep analysis of the whole Rawlsian canon and builds upon and goes beyond Rawls's conception by introducing a fresh theoretical framework to clarify and modify different balances of the elements of Rawlsian justice. Justice as fairness is analyzed into its parts and elements, critically examined to find the strongest most favourable interpretations of each principle and in this light the principles are reconstructed and rebalanced in such a way as to resist the most significant criticisms of the Rawlsian project.
Download or read book Die Prinzipien der Gerechtigkeit und ihre Konstruktion nach John Rawls Urzustand und Herleitung written by Dorothee Stauche and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2015 im Fachbereich Jura - Rechtsphilosophie, Rechtssoziologie, Rechtsgeschichte, Note: 1,0, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz (Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft), Veranstaltung: Seminar: Theorien und Konzepte von Gleichheit und Differenz, Diversität und Ungleichheit, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese wissenschaftliche Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema der Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien des Werkes „Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit“ von John Rawls. Dabei wird zunächst im ersten Kapitel eine Darlegung des Urzustands vorgenommen. Durch dieses Werk erreichte Rawls einerseits die Wiederbelebung der politischen Moralphilosophie, andererseits konnte durch „Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit“ der Utilitarismus als führende Theorie der Moral abgesetzt werden. Außerdem wurde mit diesem Werk letztlich die neue Aufgabe der heutigen politischen Philosophie manifestiert. Im Einzelnen stellt sich das wie folgt dar: Zuerst werden einige allgemeine Charakterisierungen des Urzustandes vorgenommen. Im Anschluss wird der Schleier des Nichtwissens, welcher über den Personen im Urzustand liegt, beleuchtet und seine Notwendigkeit für die Theorie geklärt. Darauffolgend werden die Personen des Urzustandes selbst auf ihre Funktion untersucht. Im zweiten Kapitel werden die Gerechtigkeitsprinzipien in den Fokus gerückt. Hier ist zunächst eine Beschreibung des ersten und – daran anknüpfend – des zweiten Gerechtigkeitsprinzip essentiell. Nachfolgend wird die Vorrangigkeit der beiden Grundsätze von Gerechtigkeit thematisiert. Dabei rückt der Begriff der Freiheit in der Theorie von Rawls unmittelbar in den Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit. Dieses zweite Kapitel wird mit einer Ausführung des Differenzprinzips abgeschlossen. Das dritte Kapitel gestaltet sich als eine Art Exkurs, der einen kurzen Überblick über mögliche Kritikpunkte an der Gerechtigkeitstheorie von Rawls aufzeigen soll. Bevor jedoch zum Hauptteil übergegangen werden kann, sollte kurz der Autor von „Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit“ und das Werk selbst in den Blickpunkt der Arbeit gerückt werden. John Rawls war einer – oder vielleicht sogar – der bedeutendsten Philosophen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Er war US- amerikanischer Staatbürger und lebte von 1921 bis 2002. Sein Arbeitsfeld lag fast vollkommen im Bereich der normativen praktischen Philosophie. Sein Ziel war es, ein realistisches Vorbild einer beständigen und gerechten Gesellschaft mit einem politischem Umgang zu schaffen, der zwischen freien und gleichen Personen stattfindet. Auch sein Hauptwerk „Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit“ von 1971 ist von diesem Ziel geprägt.
Download or read book Justice and the Social Contract written by Samuel Freeman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-24 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Samuel Freeman was a student of the influential philosopher John Rawls, he has edited numerous books dedicated to Rawls' work and is arguably Rawls' foremost interpreter. This volume collects new and previously published articles by Freeman on Rawls. Among other things, Freeman places Rawls within historical context in the social contract tradition, and thoughtfully addresses criticisms of this position. Not only is Freeman a leading authority on Rawls, but he is an excellent thinker in his own right, and these articles will be useful to a wide range of scholars interested in Rawls and the expanse of his influence.
Download or read book The Concept of Justice and Equality written by Eliane Saadé and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unless considered on a practical level, where a precise distribution of social goods is chosen, John Rawls’s and Gerald Cohen’s approaches to social justice cannot be complementary. Their disagreement about justice and its principles calls for a choice, which opts either for the Rawlsian theory or for the Cohenian one. What is the more plausible approach to social justice? This work compares both approaches and aims to defend Cohen’s position in the light of two considerations. It answers the philosophical question about the analysis of the idea of justice, which puts the virtue of justice in its philosophical context. It, however, presents a method everyone can apply in order to arrive at the fundamental principles of justice by employing the power of reason. An analysis of the concept of justice based on the power of reason should seek to uncover the ultimate nature of justice, which is independent of facts and of other virtues. Once exposed, the understanding of justice arrived at should inform social institutions and determine people’s daily decisions. A just society is therefore a society where just persons and just institutions exhibit the virtue of justice.
Download or read book John Rawls written by Thomas Pogge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Rawls was one of the most important political philosophers of our time, and promises to be an enduring figure over the coming decades. His Theory of Justice (1971) has had a profound impact across philosophy, politics, law, and economics. Nonetheless Rawlsian theory is not easy to understand, particularly for beginners, and his writing can be dense and forbidding. Thomas Pogge's short introduction (originally published in German) gives a thorough and concise presentation of the main outlines of Rawls's theory, introduces biographical information when necessary, and draws links between the Rawlsian enterprise and other important positions in moral and political philosophy.
Download or read book John Rawls Theory of Social Justice written by H. Gene Blocker and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collected Papers written by John Rawls and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2001-03-02 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Rawls’s work on justice has drawn more commentary and aroused wider attention than any other work in moral or political philosophy in the twentieth century. Rawls is the author of two major treatises, A Theory of Justice (1971) and Political Liberalism (1993); it is said that A Theory of Justice revived political philosophy in the English-speaking world. But before and after writing his great treatises Rawls produced a steady stream of essays. Some of these essays articulate views of justice and liberalism distinct from those found in the two books. They are important in and of themselves because of the deep issues about the nature of justice, moral reasoning, and liberalism they raise as well as for the light they shed on the evolution of Rawls’s views. Some of the articles tackle issues not addressed in either book. They help identify some of the paths open to liberal theorists of justice and some of the knotty problems which liberal theorists must seek to resolve. A complete collection of John Rawls’s essays is long overdue.
Download or read book A Theory of Justice written by John Rawls and published by Belknap Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since it appeared in 1971, John Rawls's A Theory of Justice has become a classic. The author has now revised the original edition to clear up a number of difficulties he and others have found in the original book. Rawls aims to express an essential part of the common core of the democratic tradition--justice as fairness--and to provide an alternative to utilitarianism, which had dominated the Anglo-Saxon tradition of political thought since the nineteenth century. Rawls substitutes the ideal of the social contract as a more satisfactory account of the basic rights and liberties of citizens as free and equal persons. "Each person," writes Rawls, "possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override." Advancing the ideas of Rousseau, Kant, Emerson, and Lincoln, Rawls's theory is as powerful today as it was when first published.
