Download or read book Did Botswana Escape from the Resource Curse written by Atsushi Iimi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-06 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Botswana is typical of the countries that are endowed with abundant natural resources. Although it is commonly accepted that resource-rich economies tend to fail in accelerating growth, Botswana has experienced the most remarkable economic performance in the region. Using the latest cross-country data, this study empirically readdresses the question of whether resource abundance can contribute to growth. It finds that governance determines the extent to which the growth effects of resource wealth can materialize. In developing countries in particular, the quality of regulation, such as the predictability of changes of regulations, and anticorruption policies, such as transparency and accountability in the public sector, are most important for effective natural resource management and growth.
Download or read book Fiscal Policy and the Natural Resources Curse written by Paul Mosley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely accepted that natural resource wealth, especially in the form of oil and minerals, can be a key factor in inhibiting economic development. Many of the countries that are richest in natural resources – including oil, metals and diamonds – are amongst the world’s poorest. Why? Fiscal Policy and the Natural Resources Curse re-examines this ancient, unsolved puzzle, asking why many governments of natural resource-intensive countries are incapable, in a globalised world, of dealing with the natural-resource curse. This book offers a detailed analysis of the power-relationships which underpin the natural resource curse, using both statistical analysis and country case studies from Africa and Latin America to pinpoint the strategies that have enable developing countries to break out of the poverty trap. The book differs from other works on this subject, as it not only identifies the issues at stake but also offers solutions in the form of a series of suggested policy measures. The work focusses in particular on fiscal escape routes, namely measures to develop and diversify the tax system, and to reallocate and target public expenditure. This volume will be of great interest to scholars of economic development, the economics of natural resources and economic growth as well as all those with an interest in development, global politics and anti-poverty policies.
Download or read book The resource curse written by Audria Crain and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding and Avoiding the Oil Curse in Resource rich Arab written by Ibrahim Elbadawi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-14 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of perspectives from leading economists provides fresh insight into how Arab countries may best exploit their oil revenues.
Download or read book Resource Curse Reduction through Innovation A Blessing for All The Case of Kuwait written by Meshaal Jaber Al Ahmad Al Sabah and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Productive activity characterized the lives of the citizens of the Gulf prior to the discovery of oil. Innovation is a result of productive activity. During the periods of difficult and trying circumstances, Gulf countries tended to innovate to ensure the sustainability of their citizens and their culture. Consequently, business in the Gulf countries was inextricably linked to the dominant religion, and the social mores. Arab entrepreneurs are perceived not to be able to imagine life without the responsibilities of managing the family business and issues because their working lives have revolved entirely around these aspects, leaving little time to develop outside interests. Placing these issues into the Kuwaiti context, this book considers the strategic points surrounding the governance of oil resources and its implication for the growth and development of Kuwait through innovation. Within the large and growing body of empirical work in this area, a negative relationship between resource abundance and poor economic performance has often been empirically established. For the most part, this evidence appears to support the “resource curse” hypothesis. The question that arises is whether there is any prospect of the “resource curse” being converted into a “blessing”. This book places innovation into context within the confines of the natural resource that sustains the Kuwaiti economy. There are many unique issues that confront Kuwait, and make it a fundamentally different case from other countries endowed with natural resources. The culture of governance in Gulf countries, and the norms and values within each individual Gulf country, become key determinants of innovation that impacts on the various economic phenomena. By reviewing the extensive literature in both the field of the resource curse and innovation, and by collecting primary data, this book offers an overview of the challenges of promoting and supporting innovation in Kuwait, and the effectiveness of dissemination of innovative practices throughout the various economic sectors. Since the exploitation of natural assets is a matter of grave concern throughout the world, exploration and exploitation are costly and risky exercises in terms of growth and profitability, and the risks are manifest in terms of social, political and economic consequences. Governments of oil-rich Gulf countries need to cultivate a culture that fosters creative ideas associated with, among others, safety and security of their natural and human resources, morality, employment and health within the context of an increasingly global environment. A lack of a shared vision, purpose and strategy reduces the vital role that innovation can play. A planned investment in innovation is therefore critical and Kuwait needs to reorient itself economically, politically, socially, ethically and morally in this regard. Failure to achieve this would result in Kuwait failing to fulfill its mandate – a blessing and common good for all – thereby reducing the return to private effort and initiatives.
Download or read book Oil to Cash written by Todd Moss and published by CGD Books. This book was released on 2015-06-10 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil to Cash explores one option to help countries with new oil revenue avoid the so-called resource curse: just give the money directly to citizens. A universal, transparent, and regular cash transfer would not only provide a concrete benefit to regular people, but would also create powerful incentives for citizens to hold their government accountable. Oil to Cash details how and where this idea could work and how policymakers can learn from the experiences with cash transfers in places like Mexico, Mongolia, and Alaska.
Download or read book Natural Resources Neither Curse nor Destiny written by Daniel Lederman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-10-23 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Natural Resources: Neither Course nor Destiny' brings together a variety of analytical perspectives, ranging from econometric analyses of economic growth to historical studies of successful development experiences in countries with abundant natural resources. The evidence suggests that natural resources are neither a curse nor destiny. Natural resources can actually spur economic development when combined with the accumulation of knowledge for economic innovation. Furthermore, natural resource abundance need not be the only determinant of the structure of trade in developing countries. In fact, the accumulation of knowledge, infrastructure, and the quality of governance all seem to determine not only what countries produce and export, but also how firms and workers produce any good.
Download or read book Diversified Development written by Indermit S. Gill and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eurasian economies have to become efficient more productive, job-creating, and stable. But efficiency is not the same as diversification. Governments need to worry less about the composition of exports and production and more about asset portfolios natural resources, built capital, and economic institutions.
Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Natural Resource Governance in Africa written by Hany Besada and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-03-13 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Natural Resource Governance in Africa provides a comprehensive analysis of African natural resource governance, stretching across the continent, and encompassing water, land, extractive resources, and mining. Africa’s natural resources are not only crucial for the continent from an economic, environmental, and political perspective, but they are also of significant geopolitical importance, with direct implication for meeting the global challenges outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals. Whether an abundance of natural resources proves to be a curse or a blessing depends on the nature, extent, and outcome of the effort and experience of an individual country in governing and managing such assets. It is with this in mind that this ground-breaking handbook brings together experts from across the field of natural resource development to reflect on the varied regime types and paradigms within the continent’s natural resource sectors, the specific challenges they face, and their role within global value chains. The book first considers governance for sustainable development and discourses of land and development financing, before going on to investigate the regulatory and policy impacts, and socioeconomic implications of natural resource management. Finally, the Handbook situates the African continent within the emerging global energy transition; examining trends in South-South cooperation, and new frontiers for the harnessing of critical tools in a sustainable future for natural resource governance and management. Overall, the Handbook’s in-depth analysis provides a unique blend of realism and optimism, highlighting the importance of building a new sustainable African resource narrative for shared prosperity. The handbook will be an essential read for researchers and policy makers with an interest in sustainable development and natural resource governance in Africa.
Download or read book Sharing Resource Wealth Inclusively Within and Across Generations written by Nathalie Pouokam and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-04-23 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the main challenges faced by resource-rich nations in promoting equity; describes policy tools available for managing exhaustible natural resources; and analyzes the relationship between resource wealth and state fragility. It is argued that human capital accumulation, innovation, and technology diffusion can help escape the trap of low growth and resource dependence that plagues so many developing countries. But to make this possible, resource-rich nations must sustain strong citizen participation in the policy making to hold governments accountable and ensure the inclusive management of resource wealth.
Download or read book Escaping the Resource Curse written by Macartan Humphreys and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-22 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wealth derived from natural resources can have a tremendous impact on the economics and politics of producing countries. In the last quarter century, we have seen the surprising and sobering consequences of this wealth, producing what is now known as the "resource curse." Countries with large endowments of natural resources, such as oil and gas, often do worse than their poorer neighbors. Their resource wealth frequently leads to lower growth rates, greater volatility, more corruption, and, in extreme cases, devastating civil wars. In this volume, leading economists, lawyers, and political scientists address the fundamental channels generated by this wealth and examine the major decisions a country must make when faced with an abundance of a natural resource. They identify such problems as asymmetric bargaining power, limited access to information, the failure to engage in long-term planning, weak institutional structures, and missing mechanisms of accountability. They also provide a series of solutions, including recommendations for contracting with oil companies and allocating revenue; guidelines for negotiators; models for optimal auctions; and strategies to strengthen state-society linkages and public accountability. The contributors show that solutions to the resource curse do exist; yet, institutional innovations are necessary to align the incentives of key domestic and international actors, and this requires fundamental political changes and much greater levels of transparency than currently exist. It is becoming increasingly clear that past policies have not provided the benefits they promised. Escaping the Resource Curse lays out a path for radically improving the management of the world's natural resources.
Download or read book Mineral Rents and the Financing of Social Policy written by Katja Hujo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-05-30 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the implications of mineral-led wealth and the opportunities that this creates for economic and social development. The book includes theoretical and policy analyses as well as micro level country case studies, including Norway, Chile, Indonesia, Nigeria and Botswana.
Download or read book Why Nations Fail written by Daron Acemoglu and published by Currency. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography? Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence? Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities. The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories. Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine. Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity? More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world.
Download or read book Beyond the Resource Curse written by Brenda Shaffer and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2011-12-30 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When countries discover that they possess large deposits of oil and natural gas, the news is usually welcome. Yet, paradoxically, if they rely on their wealth of natural resources, they often set down a path of poor economic performance and governance challenges. Only a few resource-rich countries have managed to develop their economies fully and provide a better and sustainable standard of living for large segments of their populations. This phenomenon, known as the resource curse, is a core challenge for energy-exporting states. Beyond the Resource Curse focuses on this relationship between natural wealth and economic security, discussing the particular pitfalls and consistent perils facing oil- and gas-exporting states. The contributors to this volume look beyond the standard fields of research related to the resource curse. They also shed new light on the specific developmental problems of resource-rich exporting states around the globe, including Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cambodia, East Timor, Iran, Norway, Russia, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. Policy makers and academics think of energy security solely in terms of the interests of energy importers. Beyond the Resource Curse shows that the constant volatility in energy markets creates energy security challenges for exporters as well.
Download or read book Confronting The Curse written by Cullen Hendrix and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-12 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries blessed with abundant natural resources often seek financial and political power from their supposedly lucky status. But the potentially negative impact of natural resources on development of poor countries is captured in the phrase "the resource curse." Instead of success and prosperity, producers of gold, oil, rubber, sugar, and other commodities—many in the least developed parts of Africa and Asia—often remain mired in poverty and plagued by economic mismanagement, political authoritarianism, foreign exploitation, and violent conflict. These difficulties and the many challenges they pose for American foreign policy are the focus of this important new book. Marcus Noland and Cullen S. Hendrix review recent developments as poor countries struggle to avoid the "resource curse" but fall too often into that trap. They call for support for international efforts to encourage greater transparency and improved management of natural resource wealth and for new partnerships between the West and the developing world to "confront the curse."
Download or read book A Mixed Blessing written by Thorvaldur Gylfason and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Resources and Economic Growth written by Marc Badia-Miró and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between natural capital and economic growth is an open debate in the field of economic development. Is an abundance of natural resources a blessing or a curse for economic performance? The field of Economic History offers an excellent vantage to explore the relevance of institutions, technical progress and supply-demand drivers. Natural Resources and Economic Growth contains theoretical and empirical articles by leading scholars who have studied this subject in different historical periods from the 19th century to the present day and in different parts of the world. Part I presents the theoretical issues and discusses the meaning of the "curse" and the relevance of the historical perspective. Part II captures the diversity of experiences, presenting thirteen independent case studies based on historical results from North and South America, Africa, Asia, Oceania and Europe. This book emphasizes that an abundance of natural resources is not a fixed situation. It is a process that reacts to changes in the structure of commodity prices and factor endowments, and progress requires capital, labour, technical change and appropriate institutional arrangements. This abundance is not a given, but is part of the evolution of the economic system. History shows that institutional quality is the key factor to deal with abundant natural resources and, especially, with the rents derived from their use and exploitation. This wide ranging volume will be of great relevance to all those with an interest in economic history, development, economic growth, natural resources, world history and institutional economics.
