Download or read book Develpoment of a One meter Plasma Source for Heavy Ion Beam Chargeneutralization written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly ionized plasmas are being employed as a medium for charge neutralizing heavy ion beams in order to focus to a small spot size. Calculations suggest that plasma at a density of 1-100 times the ion beam density and at a length (almost equal to) 0.1-1 m would be suitable for achieving a high level of charge neutralization. A radio frequency (RF) source was constructed at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) in support of the joint Neutralized Transport Experiment (NTX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to study ion beam neutralization. Pulsing the source enabled operation at pressures (almost equal to) 10−6 Torr with plasma densities of 1011 cm−3. Near 100% ionization was achieved. The plasma was 10 cm in length, but future experiments require a source 1 m long. The RF source does not easily scale to the length. Consequently, large-volume plasma sources based upon ferroelectric ceramics are being considered. These sources have the advantage of being able to increase the length of the plasma and operate at low neutral pressures. The source will utilize the ferroelectric ceramic BaTiO3 to form metal plasma. A 1 m long section of the drift tube inner surface of NTX will be covered with ceramic. A high voltage ((almost equal to) 1-5 kV) is applied between the drift tube and the front surface of the ceramic by placing a wire grid on the front surface. Plasma densities of 1012 cm−3 and neutral pressures (almost equal to) 10−6 Torr are expected. A test stand to produce 20 cm long plasma is being constructed and will be tested before a 1 m long source is developed.
Download or read book Long Plasma Source for Heavy Ion Beam Charge Neutralization written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmas are a source of unbound electrons for charge neutralizing intense heavy ion beams to focus them to a small spot size and compress their axial length. The plasma source should operate at low neutral pressures and without strong externally-applied fields. To produce long plasma columns, sources based upon ferroelectric ceramics with large dielectric coefficients have been developed. The source utilizes the ferroelectric ceramic BaTiO3 to form metal plasma. The drift tube inner surface of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX) is covered with ceramic material. High voltage ((almost equal to) 8 kV) is applied between the drift tube and the front surface of the ceramics. A BaTiO3 source comprised of five 20-cm-long sources has been tested and characterized, producing relatively uniform plasma in the 5 x 101° cm−3 density range. The source was integrated into the NDCX device for charge neutralization and beam compression experiments, and yielded current compression ratios (almost equal to) 120. Present research is developing multi-meter-long and higher density sources to support beam compression experiments for high energy density physics applications.
Download or read book Ferroelectric Plasma Source for Heavy Ion Beam ChargeNeutralization written by B. Grant Logan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmas are employed as a source of unbound electrons for charge neutralizing heavy ion beams to allow them to focus to a small spot size. Calculations suggest that plasma at a density of 1-100 times the ion beam density and at a length {approx} 0.1-1 m would be suitable. To produce one-meter plasma, large-volume plasma sources based upon ferroelectric ceramics are being developed. These sources have the advantage of being able to increase the length of the plasma and operate at low neutral pressures. The source utilizes the ferroelectric ceramic BaTiO{sub 3} to form metal plasma. The drift tube inner surface of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX) will be covered with ceramic, and high voltage ({approx} 1-5 kV) applied between the drift tube and the front surface of the ceramic by placing a wire grid on the front surface. A prototype ferroelectric source 20 cm long has produced plasma densities of 5 x 10{sup 11} cm{sup -3}. The source was integrated into the previous Neutralized Transport Experiment (NTX), and successfully charge neutralized the K{sup +} ion beam. Presently, the one-meter source is being fabricated. The source is being characterized and will be integrated into NDCX for charge neutralization experiments.
Download or read book RF Plasma Source for Heavy Ion Beam Charge Neutralization written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly ionized plasmas are being used as a medium for charge neutralizing heavy ion beams in order to focus the ion beam to a small spot size. A radio frequency (RF) plasma source has been built at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) in support of the joint Neutralized Transport Experiment (NTX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to study ion beam neutralization with plasma. The goal is to operate the source at pressures (almost equal to) 10−5 Torr at full ionization. The initial operation of the source has been at pressures of 10−4-10−1 Torr and electron densities in the range of 108-1011 cm−3. Recently, pulsed operation of the source has enabled operation at pressures in the 10−6 Torr range with densities of 1011 cm−3. Near 100% ionization has been achieved. The source has been integrated with the NTX facility and experiments have begun.
Download or read book ECR Plasma Source for Heavy Ion Beam Charge Neutralization written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly ionized plasmas are being considered as a medium for charge neutralizing heavy ion beams in order to focus beyond the space-charge limit. Calculations suggest that plasma at a density of 1-100 times the ion beam density and at a length (almost equal to) 0.1-2 m would be suitable for achieving a high level of charge neutralization. An ECR source has been built at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) to support a joint Neutralized Transport Experiment (NTX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to study ion beam neutralization with plasma. The ECR source operates at 13.6 MHz and with solenoid magnetic fields of 1-10 gauss. The goal is to operate the source at pressures (almost equal to) 10−6 Torr at full ionization. The initial operation of the source has been at pressures of 10−4-10−1 Torr. Electron densities in the range of 108-1011 cm−3 have been achieved. Low-pressure operation is important to reduce ion beam ionization. A cusp magnetic field has been installed to improve radial confinement and reduce the field strength on the beam axis. In addition, axial confinement is believed to be important to achieve lower-pressure operation. To further improve breakdown at low pressure, a weak electron source will be placed near the end of the ECR source.
Download or read book A Space Charge Neutralizing Plasma for Beam Drift Compression written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simultaneous radial focusing and longitudinal compression of intense ion beams are being studied to heat matter to the warm dense matter, or strongly coupled plasma regime. Higher compression ratios can be achieved if the beam compression takes place in a plasma-filled drift region in which the space-charge forces of the ion beam are neutralized. Recently, a system of four cathodic arc plasma sources has been fabricated and the axial plasma density has been measured. A movable plasma probe array has been developed to measure the radial and axial plasma distribution inside and outside of a H"10 cm long final focus solenoid (FFS). Measured data show that the plasma forms a thin column of diameter H"5 mm along the solenoid axis when the FFS is powered with an 8T field. Measured plasma density of e"1 x 1013 cm−3 meets the challenge of n{sub p}/Zn{sub b}> 1, where n{sub p} and n{sub b} are the plasma and ion beam density, respectively, and Z is the mean ion charge state of the plasma ions.
Download or read book Dynamics of Ion Beam Charge Neutralization by Ferroelectric Plasma Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferroelectric Plasma Sources (FEPSs) can generate plasma that provides effective space-charge neutralization of intense high-perveance ion beams, as has been demonstrated on the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment NDCX-I and NDCX-II. This article presents experimental results on charge neutralization of a high-perveance 38 keV Ar+ beam by a plasma produced in a FEPS discharge. By comparing the measured beam radius with the envelope model for space-charge expansion, it is shown that a charge neutralization fraction of 98% is attainable with sufficiently dense FEPS plasma. The transverse electrostatic potential of the ion beam is reduced from 15V before neutralization to 0.3 V, implying that the energy of the neutralizing electrons is below 0.3 eV. Measurements of the time-evolution of beam radius show that near-complete charge neutralization is established similar to -5 [mu]s after the driving pulse is applied to the FEPS and can last for 35 [mu]s. It is argued that the duration of neutralization is much longer than a reasonable lifetime of the plasma produced in the sub-mu s surface discharge. Measurements of current flow in the driving circuit of the FEPS show the existence of electron emission into vacuum, which lasts for tens of mu s after the high voltage pulse is applied. Lastly, it is argued that the beam is neutralized by the plasma produced by this process and not by a surface discharge plasma that is produced at the instant the high-voltage pulse is applied.
Download or read book Method of Obtaining a Neutralized Ion Beam from a Plasma Source with the Aid of a High Frequency Electric Field written by A. A. KUZOVNIKOV and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method is described of obtaining a neutralized ion beam from a plasma source with the aid of a high frequency electric field, characterized by the fact, that for the purpose of compensating the accumulated electrostatic charge of output from source and to assure its stable operation, the accelerating electrode is maintained under a high frequency and constant voltage relative to the plasma source. By selecting the frequency of the HF voltage is assured in each half-period the ejection, into outer space from the output opening of electron and positive ion clusters, the difference in e/m for electrons and ions is compensated and an average in time delivery of electric charge, equaling zero is obtained, by the arrangement of a corresponding voltage, fed from without or maintained automatically by assuring on the accelerating electrode of a floating potential. (Author).
Download or read book Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Documentation of Plasma Physics Pt 1 Experimental Plasma Physics and Theoretical Plasma Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975-06 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pulsed Inductively Generated Streaming Plasma Ion Source for Heavy Ion Fusion Linacs written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a compact, high current density, pulsed ion source, based on electrodeless, inductively driven gas breakdown, developed to meet the requirements on normalized emittance, current density, uniformity and pulse duration for an ion injector in a heavy-ion fusion driver. The plasma source produces>10 [mu]s pulse of Argon plasma with ion current densities>100 mA/cm2 at 30 cm from the source and with strongly axially directed ion energy of about 80 eV, and sub-eV transverse temperature. The source has good reproducibility and spatial uniformity. Control of the current density during the pulse has been demonstrated with a novel modulator coil method which allows attenuation of the ion current density without significantly affecting the beam quality. This project was carried out in two phases. Phase 1 used source configurations adapted from light ion sources to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept. In Phase 2 the performance of the source was enhanced and quantified in greater detail, a modulator for controlling the pulse shape was developed, and experiments were conducted with the ions accelerated to>40 kV.
Download or read book Nonlinear Charge and Current Neutralization of an Ion Beam Pulse in a Pre formed Plasma written by Igor D. Kaganovich and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
