Download or read book Development of the Russian Far East RFE written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2018-06-09 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the face of Western sanctions after Russia's invasion of Ukraine, President Putin has shifted the Kremlin's focus toward Asia to stimulate Russia's economic development. To aid in this process, he has prioritized developing the Russian Far East (RFE) by populating the region through multiple incentives, including a federal law granting a hectare of free land to those willing to relocate to the RFE. However, the plan has met several challenges, due to inadequate infrastructure to attract citizens from developed western regions of the country, limited employment opportunities, and a lack of domestic and foreign investment. These problems are closely related to one another and must be resolved simultaneously for development to succeed. Russian policy reforms, better incentives, more favorable immigration policies for foreigners (including neighboring Chinese), and a closer working relationship between the Kremlin and the local administration to decrease corruption will all be needed if Russia is going to have any hopes of deriving meaningful benefits from its pivot to Asia. I. INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION * C. LITERATURE REVIEW * 1. Environment * 2. Domestic Economy * 3. Foreign Investment * D. POTENTIAL EXPLANATIONS AND HYPOTHESES * E. RESEARCH DESIGN * F. THESIS OVERVIEW * II. SETTLEMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST * A. NO MAN'S LAND: THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST * B. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: CHANGING OWNERSHIP OF THE RFE * 1. Russia's Expansion to the Far East * 2. Soviet Union's Plan for Its Far East * C. POPULATION CHALLENGES: OUT-MIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION * 1. Russian Immigration: Organization and Policy * 2. Out-migration from the Region * 3. Immigration: Could It Be a Solution? * 4. Post-Soviet Immigration * D. SOLUTION TO POPULATE THE LAND: FREE LAND TO ALL RUSSIANS. * 1. The Free Land Project in the News * 2. Free Land in the Russian Far East: Gift or Burden? * 3. Implementation of the Free Land Law * 4. Challenges of the Far Eastern Hectare Project * 5. Unsuccessful Initiative: Non-existent Benefits Package * III. INTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST * A. ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGE: THE HARSH CLIMATE * B. ECONOMIC CONDITIONS * 1. Tsarist Russia's Economic Development of the RFE * 2. The Transport System-The Lifeline for Economic Prosperity * 3. Economic Development: Priority or Periphery? * C. ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL DESTRUCTION, AND ENSUING POLLUTION * 1. Illegal Activities with No Regard to the Environment * 2. Proposed Solution to Resolve Issues Related to the Region's Periphery Status * IV. THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF NORTHEAST ASIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST * A. RUSSIAN FEDERATION * B. CHINA * C. JAPAN * D. SOUTH KOREA (ROK) * E. NORTH KOREA (DPRK) * F. PROSPECTS OF REFORM IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST * V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS * A. SUMMARY OF RESEARCH: RUSSIA'S PIVOT TO ASIA * B. FINDINGS: ROOT CAUSES OF THESE CHALLENGES * C. IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH AND RECOMMENDATIONS: WHAT CAN RUSSIA DO?
Download or read book Trade Potential and Trade Integration of the Russian Far East written by Kiril Tochkov and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, the Russian government has embarked on an ambitious program of economic development in the Russian Far East (RFE), envisioning the transformation of the region into a hub for trade with the Asia Pacific. This paper explores the extent of RFE's trade integration with both key partners around the world and the rest of Russia. In particular, we calculate the region's trade potential on the basis of mean predicted values from a gravity model using three samples that offer different perspectives. Actual trade flows are then evaluated relative to the potential and the resulting index is analyzed for various years and countries. The results suggest that RFE exports to Northeast Asia have intensified over the period 2008-17, allowing the region to surpass its potential, although there is room to grow with respect to China. Moreover, the deepening integration with the Asia Pacific has been achieved at the expense of trade links with the rest of Russia. Lastly, imports from Japan and Korea are shown to be far below potential, although these two countries could be useful in promoting the economic development of RFE.
Download or read book The Russian Far East and Pacific Asia written by M. J. Bradshaw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major study assesses prospects for economic recovery in the Russian Far East, evaluating foreign trade and investment, political and economic forces, patterns of resource supply and needs in Pacific Asia, and potential competitors. It concludes that this unfulfilled potential has as much to do with conditions in Russia as the downturn caused by the Asian crisis.
Download or read book Russia s Far East written by Rensselaer W. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Cooperation in the Development of Russia s Far East and Siberia written by J. Huang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia's new 'pivot to Asia' increases the global significance of Russia's Siberia and Far East. The contributors - recognized experts from Russia, China, South Korea, Japan, Norway and Singapore - analyze political, economic, social and geostrategic roadblocks in the Russia/Asia Pacific relations, offering directions for further development.
Download or read book The Russian Far East written by Josh Newell and published by Daniel & Daniel Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this expansion of the 1996 edition (titled The Russian Far East: Forests, Biodiversity Hotspots, and Industrial Developments ), Newell, who works for Friends of the Earth-Japan, the volume co-sponsor, offers a starting point toward sustainable development (as a new section is called) of the res
Download or read book Burnt by the Sun written by Jon K. Chang and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Burnt by the Sun examines the history of the first Korean diaspora in a Western society during the highly tense geopolitical atmosphere of the Soviet Union in the late 1930s. Author Jon K. Chang demonstrates that the Koreans of the Russian Far East were continually viewed as a problematic and maligned nationality (ethnic community) during the Tsarist and Soviet periods. He argues that Tsarist influences and the various forms of Russian nationalism(s) and worldviews blinded the Stalinist regime from seeing the Koreans as loyal Soviet citizens. Instead, these influences portrayed them as a colonizing element (labor force) with unknown and unknowable political loyalties. One of the major findings of Chang’s research was the depth that the Soviet state was able to influence, penetrate, and control the Koreans through not only state propaganda and media, but also their selection and placement of Soviet Korean leaders, informants, and secret police within the populace. From his interviews with relatives of former Korean OGPU/NKVD (the predecessor to the KGB) officers, he learned of Korean NKVD who helped deport their own community. Given these facts, one would think the Koreans should have been considered a loyal Soviet people. But this was not the case, mainly due to how the Russian empire and, later, the Soviet state linked political loyalty with race or ethnic community. During his six years of fieldwork in Central Asia and Russia, Chang interviewed approximately sixty elderly Koreans who lived in the Russian Far East prior to their deportation in 1937. This oral history along with digital technology allowed him to piece together Soviet Korean life as well as their experiences working with and living beside Siberian natives, Chinese, Russians, and the Central Asian peoples. Chang also discovered that some two thousand Soviet Koreans remained on North Sakhalin island after the Korean deportation was carried out, working on Japanese-Soviet joint ventures extracting coal, gas, petroleum, timber, and other resources. This showed that Soviet socialism was not ideologically pure and was certainly swayed by Japanese capitalism and the monetary benefits of projects that paid the Stalinist regime hard currency for its resources.
Download or read book The Russian Far East In Transition written by Mark Valencia and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1995-06-04 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia, and especially the Russian Far East, has reached a political and economic crossroads as the trans-Pacific economic axis - so prominent in the Cold-War era - gradually expands to include broader intra-Asian relationships. Multilateral economic interaction across ideological and political boundaries is creating a "soft" regionalism in Northeast Asia that offers the Russian Far East unprecedented scope for collaboration with its neighbors. Indeed, the contributors - leading scholars and experts from private industry - argue that the future of the Russian Far East will be molded by its economic and political relations with the rest of Northeast Asia. Long known to be a rich storehouse of natural resources, the Russian Far East now faces the challenge of utilizing those resources in a manner that is sustainable and that is empowering to its people. Exploring the opportunities for and obstacles to multilateral ties within the region, the contributors analyze the prospects for economic cooperation in labor supply, minerals and energy resources, transportation, and fisheries.
Download or read book Russia s Far East written by Rensselaer W. Lee and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solidly researched, well written ... and makes a real contribution to our understanding of this remote yet important region. --Charles E. Ziegler, University of Louisville The strategically located Russian Far East¿a vast expanse stretching from Lake Baikal to the Pacific Ocean¿is notable not only for its rich natural resources, but also for the economic challenges, internal dissent, and risks of foreign encroachment that it faces. Rensselaer Lee and Artyom Lukin explore the history, economics, and politics of the RFE in the context of its geopolitical significance both regionally and internationally. Lee and Lukin address questions that have become increasingly important in current global politics: What are the implications, for example, of Russia¿s growing economic dependence on China? Could the emerging Sino-Russian entente result in the RFE becoming a de-facto appendage of the PRC? To what extent is Moscow willing, or able, to strengthen its links to its neighbors other than China? Can Russia and the US act in partnership to further their common interests in the region? As they suggest answers, the authors shed much-needed light on a previously understudied topic. Rensselaer Lee is senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. His previous books include Smuggling Armageddon: The Nuclear Black Market in the Former Soviet Union and Europe. Artyom Lukin is associate professor of international relations and deputy director for research in the School of Regional and International Studies at Russia¿s Far Eastern Federal University.
Download or read book Rediscovering Russia in Asia written by Stephen Kotkin and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1995 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1581 a Cossack raider crossed the Ural Mountains to plunder and claim for Tsar Ivan IV the land called "Sibir" by its Tatar inhabitants. Within half a century, Moscow's reach would extend nearly six thousand miles to the east. Thus Russia has a long history as part of Asia. Does it have a future there as well? Rediscovering Russia in Asia takes the reader on a trans-Siberian expedition to encounter the peoples, cultures, and riches of Russia's eastern expanses. The expert guides are scholars with the language skills and the sense of adventure to explore a "crossroads of civilizations" at long last reopened to the world.
Download or read book Russian Far East and Central Asia written by Dhananjay Sahai and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief analyses the politico-economic relations between Russia and China and the recent changes in their power equation owing to Russia’s fall in economic and demographic strength and, for its part, China’s economic and military growth. Russia’s unfavourable position has been identified as a possible reason for the rise in Chinese influence in Central Asia and the Russian Far East (RFE), in areas of military power and trade. The brief analyses the possible methods of coercion Beijing might employ in both these regions. It suggests ways for Russia to address the same, to secure its ‘near-abroad’ and RFE interests. The brief closes with recommendations for India to position itself as a strategic partner for Russia while subverting Chinese influence.
Download or read book Russia s Prospects in Asia written by Stephen Blank and published by . This book was released on 2010-12-30 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Northeast Asia (NEA) is a place where economic interdependence among the N A "troika"-China, Japan and South Korea-is growing. Moreover, intense interaction within that troika will determine the extent of further economic (and political) integration in the much wider region-Pacific Asia (which stretches from areas of Pacific Russia in the north to New-Zealand in the south). This is a very important fact for Russia, though an understanding of its significance for the country has come only very recently. The long-standing issue for Russia is the future of the Russian Far East (Pacific Russia or RFE), its social and economic development, and its security. Pacific Russia's future depends to a great extent on its involvement in the NEA regional economy. Yet Russia continues to maintain a low profile in NEA, despite new efforts made by the Russian government to move the center of gravity of the country's economy eastward, towards its vast, uninhabited territory with its huge potential resources. But the NEA still remains a rather small blip on the Russian foreign policy radar. For example, in the list of priorities announced by Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, in his 2009 interview regarding the country's foreign policy agenda, one finds the so-called reset in the relations with the United States, European security, the importance of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), etc. As usual, NEA and Russia's national interests in the Far East received short shrift. China was mentioned, viz., the importance of "developing multi-dimension relations with China and our other partners in BRIC [Brazil, Russia, India, and China]."1 Granted, relations with China have great importance for Russia, but BRIC remains a phantom entity with quite an unclear future. In the 1990s, both negative and positive tendencies surfaced in the vast RFE and Eastern Siberia region. Negative tendencies included a shrinking population (which is still the case), disrupted economic ties with other parts of the country (often called the mainland), and deteriorating standards of living. On the positive side, changes in the country allowed for and encouraged population moves from the north of the region southward to areas with better climate and other conditions for human habitation. More importantly, after decades of insulation from its neighbors during the days of the Soviet Union, the Russian Far East was opened for developing direct ties in various fields with China, Japan, and other neighbors in the Asia Pacific without having to ask for permission from Moscow to make every trade deal. This was a great help to the Russian Far East in surviving economically through the hardship of the 1990s. It also elevated Pacific Russian trade volume with Asia Pacific countries, making it larger than trade volume between other parts of Russia and the Asia Pacific countries. Unfortunately, the levels of criminality and corruption in the RFE have not improved and may even have gotten worse.
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in Russia written by Anonym and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-04-25 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: A-, , language: English, abstract: Foreign direct investment constitutes a highly important part of contemporary world economy. Globalization of international economic relations have led to the situation in which many countries face the necessity to compete with each other and, thus, to enhance their competitiveness through attraction of foreign capital. FDI in this respect appears to be the most desirable option for many economies, as they are more stable than other forms of investment. This papers answers the question of why Russia attracted such a small amount of FDI since the beginning of the transition process. This analysis takes into consideration major determinants of FDI inflow to the country as well as factors of their spatial and sectoral distribution within the state.
Download or read book The Russian Far East written by Susan F. Davis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive introduction to the contemporary Russian Far East (RFE) and offers an argument about federal relations and power in the state. It is the only easily available, single volume book to examine the RFE in such depth.
Download or read book The Russian Far East and Pacific Asia written by M. J. Bradshaw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major study assesses prospects for economic recovery in the Russian Far East, evaluating foreign trade and investment, political and economic forces, patterns of resource supply and needs in Pacific Asia, and potential competitors. It concludes that this unfulfilled potential has as much to do with conditions in Russia as the downturn caused by the Asian crisis.
Download or read book Gulag written by Anne Applebaum and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PULITZER PRIZE WINNER • This magisterial and acclaimed history offers the first fully documented portrait of the Gulag, from its origins in the Russian Revolution, through its expansion under Stalin, to its collapse in the era of glasnost. “A tragic testimony to how evil ideologically inspired dictatorships can be.” –The New York Times The Gulag—a vast array of Soviet concentration camps that held millions of political and criminal prisoners—was a system of repression and punishment that terrorized the entire society, embodying the worst tendencies of Soviet communism. Applebaum intimately re-creates what life was like in the camps and links them to the larger history of the Soviet Union. Immediately recognized as a landmark and long-overdue work of scholarship, Gulag is an essential book for anyone who wishes to understand the history of the twentieth century.
Download or read book China s Global Influence written by Scott D. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2019-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 30 January to 1 February 2019 the Daniel K. Inouye Asia-Pacific Center forSecurity Studies hosted a Department of Defense Regional Center collaborationtitled "China's Global Reach: A Security Assessment." The goal of the workshopwas to leverage expertise and unique perspectives from all five Regional Centersto examine the actions and intentions of the People's Republic of China. To understand how these global activities impact the United States, this analysis was conducted within the context of the PRC's perspective of its own foreign policy, as well as under a state of strategic competition, as referenced in the 2017 National Security Strategy and 2018 National Defense Strategy. The workshopleveraged the insights gained from a broad range of experts to formulate policyrecommendations for defending state interests in the face of growing PRC assertiveness. Thescholarship, insights, and recommendations of the participants are collected in this volumefor the benefit of policy-makers, practitioners,and scholars.
