Download or read book Development of Nano structured Thin Film Shape Memory Alloys for MEMS Applications written by Elizabeth Anne Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: SMA, shape memory alloys, TiPdNi, ion beam assisted deposition, IBAD.
Download or read book Development of Nano Structured Thin Film Shape Memory Alloys for MEMS Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of thin film TiPdNi shape memory alloys (SMA) using ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) is being studied as a way to increase the actuation frequencies and transformation temperatures of thin film SMA for micro-actuator applications. The capability to transmit extremely high forces along with a large stroke, large strain memory, and high corrosion resistance makes shape memory alloys prime candidates for use in micro-actuator applications. However, low actuation frequency (~1Hz at macro-scale), and low transition temperature (below 100°C) makes commercially available NiTi incompatible with applications in extreme environments. The transformation temperature and actuation frequency of shape memory alloys can be improved through the production of thin film TiPdNi. Through the substitution of Pd for Ni in equiatomic NiTi, the transformation temperature can be varied from approximately room temperature to 527°C. The composition that has received the most attention is Ti50Pd30Ni20 because of its transformation temperature of over 200°C. However, the shape memory effect of Ti50Pd30Ni20 is adversely affected by the low critical stress needed for slip at high temperatures, which results in unrecoverable strain. Age hardening or thermo-mechanical treatments such as cold rolling have been found to improve the critical stress for slip in bulk form SMA due to an increased density of dislocations. Precipitation hardening, as well as, ion bombardment, is expected to increase the high temperature properties in IBAD deposited Ti50Pd30Ni20 film SMA. Additionally, ion bombardment during deposition can be used to improve film properties such as morphology, density, stress level, crystallinity, as well as, limit defects. Due to the refined grain size, increased density, and reduced defects, IBAD is able to produce films of 1 micron or less, which will greatly reduces the SMA actuation time due to the increased surface area --to -- volume ratio. In t.
Download or read book Thin Film Shape Memory Alloys written by Shuichi Miyazaki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the first dedicated to this exciting and rapidly growing field, enables readers to understand and prepare high-quality, high-performance TiNi shape memory alloys (SMAs). It covers the properties, preparation and characterization of TiNi SMAs, with particular focus on the latest technologies and applications in MEMS and biological devices. Basic techniques and theory are covered to introduce new-comers to the subject, whilst various sub-topics, such as film deposition, characterization, post treatment, and applying thin films to practical situations, appeal to more informed readers. Each chapter is written by expert authors, providing an overview of each topic and summarizing all the latest developments, making this an ideal reference for practitioners and researchers alike.
Download or read book Final Technical Report written by John Perepezko and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this grant we explored the properties that result from combining the effects of nanostructuring and shape memory using both experimental and theoretical approaches. We developed new methods to make nanostructured NiTi by melt-spinning and cold rolling fabrication strategies, which elicited significantly different behavior. A template synthesis method was also used to created nanoparticles. In order to characterize the particles we created, we developed a new magnetically-assisted particle manipulation technique to manipulate and position nanoscale samples for testing. Beyond characterization, this technique has broader implications for assembly of nanoscale devices and we demonstrated promising applications for optical switching through magnetically-controlled scattering and polarization capabilities. Nanoparticles of nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloy were also produced using thin film deposition technology and nanosphere lithography. Our work revealed the first direct evidence that the thermally-induced martensitic transformation of these films allows for partial indent recovery on the nanoscale. In addition to thoroughly characterizing and modeling the nanoindentation behavior in NiTi thin films, we demonstrated the feasibility of using nanoindentation on an SMA film for write-read-erase schemes for data storage.
Download or read book Nanostructured Thin Films and Coatings written by Sam Zhang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-06-18 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by leading experts from around the world, the three-volume Handbook of Nanostructured Thin Films and Coatings gives scientific researchers and product engineers a resource as dynamic and flexible as the field itself. The first two volumes cover the latest research and application of the mechanical and functional properties of thin films an
Download or read book Thin Film Shape Memory Alloys written by Shuichi Miyazaki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first dedicated book describing the properties, preparation, characterization and device applications of TiNi-based shape memory alloys.
Download or read book Handbook of Nanostructured Thin Films and Coatings Nanostructured thin films and coatings functional properties written by Sam Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this second volume focus on functional properties, including optical, electronic, and electrical properties, as well as related devices and applications.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of NiMnGa Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Thin Films written by Nishitha Jetta and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ni-Mn-Ga is a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy that can be used for future sensors and actuators. It has been shown that magnetic field can induce phase transformation and consequently large strain in stoichiometric Ni2MnGa. Since then considerable progress has been made in understanding the underlying science of shape memory and ferromagnetic shape memory in bulk materials. Ni-Mn-Ga thin films, however is a relatively under explored area. Ferromagnetic shape memory alloy thin films are conceived as the future MEMS sensor and actuator materials. With a 9.5 percent strain rate reported from magnetic reorientation, Ni-Mn-Ga thin films hold great promise as actuator materials. Thin films come with a number of advantages and challenges as compared to their bulk counterparts. While properties like mechanical strength, uniformity are much better in thin film form, high stress and constraint from the substrate pose a significant challenge for reorientation and shape memory behavior. In either case, it is very important to understand their behavior and examine their properties. This thesis is an effort to contribute to the literature of Ni-Mn-Ga thin films as ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. The focus of this project is to develop a recipe for fabricating NiMnGa thin films with desired composition and microstructure and hence unique properties for future MEMS actuator materials and characterize their properties to aid better understanding of their behavior. In this project NiMnGa thin films have been fabricated using magnetron sputtering on a variety of substrates. Magnetron sputtering technique allows us to tailor the composition of films which is crucial for controlling the phase transformation properties of NiMnGa films. The composition is tailored by varying several deposition parameters. Microstructure of the films has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Mechanical properties of as-deposited films have been probed using nano-indentation technique. The chemistry of sputtered films is determined quantitatively by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS). Phase transformation is studied by using a combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in-situ heating in TEM and in-situ XRD instruments. Magnetic properties of films are examined using superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID).
Download or read book Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys II written by Volodymyr A. Chernenko and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). This work on Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys contains selected peer-reviewed papers. Such materials belong to the most exciting and fastest-growing group of martensitic multifunctional materials. The selected papers cover the following topics of: Basic phenomena and theory; Structure and magnetic properties; Magnetomechanics and magnetocaloric effect; Thin films and composites; Modeling and simulations and Processing and engineering.
Download or read book Design Fabrication and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanomaterials written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanomaterials covers major techniques for the design, synthesis, and development of multifunctional nanomaterials. The chapters highlight the main characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning probe microscopy.The book explores major synthesis methods and functional studies, including: Brillouin spectroscopy; Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic studies; Magnetic, ferroelectric, and magneto-electric coupling analysis; Organ-on-a-chip methods for testing nanomaterials; Magnetron sputtering techniques; Pulsed laser deposition techniques; Positron annihilation spectroscopy to prove defects in nanomaterials; Electroanalytic techniques. This is an important reference source for materials science students, scientists, and engineers who are looking to increase their understanding of design and fabrication techniques for a range of multifunctional nanomaterials. Explains the major design and fabrication techniques and processes for a range of multifunctional nanomaterials; Demonstrates the design and development of magnetic, ferroelectric, multiferroic, and carbon nanomaterials for electronic applications, energy generation, and storage; Green synthesis techniques and the development of nanofibers and thin films are also emphasized.
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology written by Bharat Bhushan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-23 with total page 1968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2004 and with the 2nd edition in 2006, the Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology has established itself as the definitive reference in the nanoscience and nanotechnology area. It integrates the knowledge from nanofabrication, nanodevices, nanomechanics, Nanotribology, materials science, and reliability engineering in just one volume. Beside the presentation of nanostructures, micro/nanofabrication, and micro/nanodevices, special emphasis is on scanning probe microscopy, nanotribology and nanomechanics, molecularly thick films, industrial applications and microdevice reliability, and on social aspects. In its 3rd edition, the book grew from 8 to 9 parts now including a part with chapters on biomimetics. More information is added to such fields as bionanotechnology, nanorobotics, and (bio)MEMS/NEMS, bio/nanotribology and bio/nanomechanics. The book is organized by an experienced editor with a universal knowledge and written by an international team of over 150 distinguished experts. It addresses mechanical and electrical engineers, materials scientists, physicists and chemists who work either in the nano area or in a field that is or will be influenced by this new key technology.
Download or read book Microelectromechanical Systems written by Committee on Advanced Materials and Fabrication Methods for Microelectromechanical Systems and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-12-15 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microelectromenchanical systems (MEMS) is a revolutionary field that adapts for new uses a technology already optimized to accomplish a specific set of objectives. The silicon-based integrated circuits process is so highly refined it can produce millions of electrical elements on a single chip and define their critical dimensions to tolerances of 100-billionths of a meter. The MEMS revolution harnesses the integrated circuitry know-how to build working microsystems from micromechanical and microelectronic elements. MEMS is a multidisciplinary field involving challenges and opportunites for electrical, mechanical, chemical, and biomedical engineering as well as physics, biology, and chemistry. As MEMS begin to permeate more and more industrial procedures, society as a whole will be strongly affected because MEMS provide a new design technology that could rival--perhaps surpass--the societal impact of integrated circuits.
Download or read book Nanoscale Nickel Titanium Shape Memory Alloys Thin Films Fabricated by Using Biased Target Ion Beam Deposition written by Huilong Hou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys offer the highest work output per unit volume among smart materials and have both high actuation stress and large recoverable strain. Miniaturization of materials and devices requires shape memory actuation which is uncompromised at a small scale. However, size effects need to be understood in order to scale shape memory actuation with the minimum size critical to device design. Controlling material quality and properties is essential in fabrication of shape memory alloys into nanometer regime. This work demonstrates a novel fabrication technique, biased target ion beam deposition (BTIBD), which uses additional adatom energy in order to fabricate high-quality nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys thin films with nanometer thickness. These fabricated ultrathin NiTi films provide insight into the size scale dependence of shape memory functionality at nanoscale regime. BTIBD provides additional adatom energy to the growing film in order to fundamentally tailor the film growth mode for quality and properties. An independent ion beam source is customized in BTIBD to provide low-energy ions (tens of eV) during growth of films on substrates. Pure Ti and pure Ni targets are co-sputtering in BTIBD to fabricate NiTi thin films. The prepared NiTi films are continuous, and the thickness ranges from several tens to a few hundreds nanometers. The composition is controllable over the range of Ni-rich (>50.5 at% Ni), near-equiatomic, and Ti-rich (
Download or read book Nanotechnology and Photocatalysis for Environmental Applications written by Muhammad Bilal Tahir and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology and Photocatalysis for Environmental Applications focuses on nanostructured control, synthesis methods, activity enhancement strategies, environmental applications, and perspectives of semiconductor-based nanostructures. The book offers future guidelines for designing new semiconductor-based photocatalysts, with low cost and high efficiency, for a range of products aimed at environmental protection. The book covers the fundamentals of nanotechnology, the synthesis of nanotechnology, and the use of metal oxide, metal sulfide, and carbon-based nanomaterials in photocatalysis. The book also discusses the major challenges of using photocatalytic nanomaterials on a broad scale. The book then explores how photocatalytic nanomaterials and nanocomposites are being used for sustainable development applications, including environmental protection, pharmaceuticals, and air purification. The final chapter considers the recent advances in the field and outlines future perspectives on the technology. This is an important reference for materials scientists, chemical engineers, energy scientists, and anyone looking to understand more about the photocatalytic potential of nanomaterials, and their possible environmental applications. Explains why the properties of semiconductor-based nanomaterials make them particularly good for environmental applications Explores how photocatalytic nanomaterials and nanocomposites are being used for sustainable development applications, including environmental protection, pharmaceuticals, and air purification Discusses the major challenges of using photocatalytic nanomaterials on a broad scale
Download or read book Engineering Aspects of Shape Memory Alloys written by T W Duerig and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Aspects of Shape Memory Alloys provides an understanding of shape memory by defining terms, properties, and applications. It includes tutorials, overviews, and specific design examples—all written with the intention of minimizing the science and maximizing the engineering aspects. Although the individual chapters have been written by many different authors, each one of the best in their fields, the overall tone and intent of the book is not that of a proceedings, but that of a textbook. The book consists of five parts. Part I deals with the mechanism of shape memory and the alloys that exhibit the effect. It also defines many essential terms that will be used in later parts. Part II deals primarily with constrained recovery, but to some extent with free recovery. There is an introductory paper which defines terms and principles, then several specific examples of products based on constrained recovery. Both Parts III and IV deal with actuators. Part III introduces engineering principles while Part IV presents several of the specific examples. Finally, Part V deals with superelasticity, with an introductory paper and then several specific examples of product engineering.
Download or read book Fabrications of Shape Memory Alloy Thin Films and NiTi Microvalves Based on Micro Electro Mechanical System MEMS Techniques written by 尤良 and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Computationally Efficient Free Energy Model for Shape Memory Alloys Experiments and Theory written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys (SMA) belong to the class of active materials and have recently been considered as novel actuation and damping mechanisms in micro- and macro-scale applications. Combined with their advantageous lightweight and high work output characteristics is a complex, highly non-linear and hysteretic material behavior, which is also thermo-mechanically coupled. Due to this complexity, model development for SMA material behavior is a challenging task, and experimental data in particular about the inner hysteresis loops is necessary to gain further understanding and successfully design applications. In this thesis, a single crystal material model is presented and subsequently extended to the more realistic polycrystalline case considering material inhomogeneities, grain impurities and lattice imperfections. A first implementation, based on a stochastic homogenization procedure, provides a very accurate description of the observed phenomena, but also requires very high computation times. A reformulation of the underlying concept leads to a parameterization method, which preserves the advantages of the original method, but dramatically reduces the computation times. It is shown that the material behavior prediction of both models are identical, and the parameterization method is compared extensively to data from tensile experiments with a pseudoelastic SMA wire. Remarkably, the model is able to capture all facets of the material behavior including rate-dependence and minor loops. The versatility of the model also allows for the simulation of SMA actuator behavior including the electrical resistance. Finally, a MEMS device using polycrystalline SMA thin film actuators is experimentally investigated. As a first step, the material behavior of the SMA thin films is presented using strain-temperature and resistance-temperature measurements. Secondly, the performance of the MEMS device was determined for different driving frequencies.
