Download or read book Development of Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Photovoltaic Cells written by F. A. Shirland and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Photovoltaic Cells written by F.A. Shirland and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide cadmium Sulfide Thin film Solar Cells written by J. R. Szedon and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide cadmium Sulfide Thin film Solar Cell S written by J. R. Szedon and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progress in the Development of High Efficiency Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Solar Cells written by A.M. Barnett and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film photovoltaic cells of cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide have been developed and optimized for specific cell designs. The optimization has been achieved by changing material parameters and the technology of the electrical contacts as dictated by detailed analyses of loss mechanisms in the cells. Additional design changes are needed to further increase the energy conversion efficiency in direct sunlight beyond the present value of8.5%. The application of analytic techniques to specific cell designs is responsible for the improvements achieved to date, and it is expected to lead to a basic cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide cell with an efficiency over10%.It is anticipated that the application of similar analytic techniques to a modified cell of cadmium -zinc sulfide/copper sulfide, coupled with constant interplay between theoretical and experimental results will lead to an energy conversion efficiency in direct sunlight of up to 14%.The material properties and electro-optical characteristics of the present high efficiency CdS/Cu2S cells and initial results using the mixed cadmium zinc sulfide will be presented. This paper describes the analysis driven technology innovations which have led to the development of reproducible thin film cadmium sulfide solar cells with energy conversion efficiencies in direct sunlight of greater than 8.5%. A photovoltaic effect in CdS was first reported by Reynolds for a junction made by depositing a thin film of copper on a cadmium sulfide film (1). Later work established that the actual junction was between CdS and Cu2S (2). A substantial number of research efforts have since been conducted on this photovoltaic heterojunction and although some variation exists, cells have generally been made by reacting a vapor deposited cadmium sulfide film with a cuprous ion solution. A major research effort aimed towards space applications was conducted during the 1960's (3,4).These and many other investigators have reported conversion efficiencies in sunlight of between 5 and 6% with a limited number reporting efficiencies up to 70. Thin film cells with energy conversion efficiencies of7.8% when measured in direct sunlight were recently reported (5,6). The methodology and experiments which lead to the further development of 8.5%CdS/Cu2S cells follows.
Download or read book Indium Phosphide cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cells written by Hughes Aircraft Company. Research Laboratories and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide cadmium Sulfide Thin film Solar Cells written by J. R. Szedon and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cells Final Report 13 July 1979 31 May 1983 A Subcontract Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thin Film Solar Cells written by K. L. Chopra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "You, 0 Sun, are the eye of the world You are the soul of all embodied beings You are the source of all creatures You are the discipline of all engaged in work" - Translated from Mahabharata 3rd Century BC Today, energy is the lifeline and status symbol of "civilized" societies. All nations have therefore embarked upon Research and Development pro grams of varying magnitudes to explore and effectively utilize renewable sources of energy. Albeit a low-grade energy with large temporal and spatial variations, solar energy is abundant, cheap, clean, and renewable, and thus presents a very attractive alternative source. The direct conver sion of solar energy to electricity (photovoltaic effect) via devices called solar cells has already become an established frontier area of science and technology. Born out of necessity for remote area applications, the first commercially manufactured solar cells - single-crystal silicon and thin film CdS/Cu2S - were available well over 20 years ago. Indeed, all space vehicles today are powered by silicon solar cells. But large-scale terrestrial applications of solar cells still await major breakthroughs in terms of discovering new and radical concepts in solar cell device structures, utilizing relatively more abundant, cheap, and even exotic materials, and inventing simpler and less energy intensive fabrication processes. No doubt, this extraordinary challenge in R/D has led to a virtual explosion of activities in the field of photovoltaics in the last several years.
Download or read book Shorting Path Mode of Degradation in Copper Sulfide Cadmium Sulfide Thin film Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Solar Cells written by J. C. Schaefer and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and development of a large area CdS, vacuum evaporated, thin film, flexible, lightweight, front wall solar cell was continued in an effort to improve the performance characteristics. Efficiencies were increased to a maximum of 5.1%. Power to weight ratios of 15 watts per pound are normal with 30 as a maximum. An upgrading procedure for low efficiency cells was developed. Test panels were submitted for a 30 day orbital space flight evaluation. Electron damage experiments indicate little effect on the CdS solar cells. X-ray techniques have been used to photograph dislocations in single crystal CdS. Current-voltage curves and spectral response data analyses resulted in a one-trap model of the CdS photovoltaic cell. (Author).
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide cadmium Sulfide Thin film Solar Cells written by J. R. Szedon and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Properties of Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Used in Cadmium Telluride cadmium Sulfide Solar Cell written by Xiawa Wu and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CdTe/CdS solar cell is one of the promising low cost high efficiency thin film solar cells. In this work, thin film CdS properties and the effect of CdS surface conditions on CdTe growth and performance of polycrystalline CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells are investigated. Thin film CdS optical, structural and chemical properties both as deposited and after CdCl 2 heat treatment are measured. CdS surface chemical state is studied by analyzing its surface chemistry after different surface treatments. Qualitative and quantitative measurements indicate sulfate and sulfite phases on thin film CdS surfaces as well as single crystal CdS, caused by oxidation in the air. The degree of CdS oxidation is highly dependent on thermal treatment ambient, temperature and time. Results indicate reduction in grain size and smoother morphology for CdTe deposited on heavily oxidized CdS compared to chemically reduced CdS surface. Solar cell open circuit voltage is much lower on cells with heavily oxidized CdS surface.
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cells Thirteenth Technical Progress Report July 1 1982 to September 30 1982 written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide cadmium Sulfide Thin film Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unencapsulated thin-film solar cells of the Cu2S/CdS type have been aged in controlled flowing-gas ambients to characterize changes in their photovoltaic properties. Severe degradation occurring in wet O2 ambients at room temperature probably accounts for the large short-circuit current losses reported earlier. Limited loss (
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cells Second Technical Progress Report for Period October 13 1979 January 12 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Copper Sulfide Cadmium Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cells Twelfth Technical Progress Report for the Period April 1 June 30 1982 written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
