Download or read book Development of Atmospheric Infrared Emission Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Models for Infrared Emission in the Upper Atmosphere written by Peter P. Wintersteiner and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The efforts summarized in this final report all relate to modelling infrared emission from non-LTE regions of the upper atmosphere. Included are (1) the results of the study of emission from solar pumped CO2 in the 2.7 region and a description of the methods used to calculate the solar pumping rates and the vibrational temperatures; (2) improvements made in the non-LTE radiance code, NLTE, including the new Voigt profile algorithm; and (3) improvements made in the AFGL Atmospheric Auroral Radiance Code (AARC). Keywords: Infrared emission; transmission; band radiance; vibrational temperatures; auroral radiance.
Download or read book High altitude Non equilibrium Infrared Emission Models written by Peter P. Wintersteiner and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of Background Radiance in Upper Atmosphere written by Hajime Sakai and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of this contract was intended to develop the atmospheric model which integrates the emission and the scattering term in a combined form and to provide analysis of the earth atmospheric emission data gathered by the SPIRE payload in these two terms. Our work performed throughout the entire period can be divided into five areas: (1) incorporation of various computer programs designed to calculate the atmospheric infrared emission level under a specific condition; (2) improvement of the algorithm employed in these programs; (3) development of an atmospheric infrared radiance model which unifies the emission and scattering term; (4) application and evaluation of the developed model to analysis of the SPIRE data; and (5) evaluation of some preliminary test data for the coming AFGL balloon-borne atmospheric emission measurement experiment.
Download or read book Infrared Atmospheric Background Modeling written by Mustafa Sivasligil and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Fast Model For Computing Infrared Atmospheric Background Effects presents the atmospheric background modeling and the importance of the atmospheric profile during the computations of absorbtion,emission and scattering effects of the atmosphere.This book is focusing the question thay "Is it possible to determine the "effective" height range for the sea level midlatitude clear wheather conditions in the three special wavelength bands,1-3,3-5,8-12 micrometers?The main purpose of this work is to present a fastmodel to shorten the time for the calculations of infrared atmospheric background processes,which will be helpful for the designers of the infrared atmospheric background simulations contributing in various areas of remote sensing and electronic warfare.Furthermore, this book is also useful for the researchers working on the development of infrared systems for the real time applications.
Download or read book Radiation and Climate written by Ilias Vardavas and published by International Monographs on Ph. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book describes the basic physics of solar and infrared radiation in the atmosphere. Radiation theory is related to the development of climate prediction models, and to measurement techniques for monitoring the Earth's energy budget and making remote sensing observations from satellites.
Download or read book Studies of Non LTE Atmospheric Emissions Modeling and Data Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents research that has been carried out for the purpose of furthering the understanding of infrared emissions in the non-LTE regions of the Earth's atmosphere. Our effort has consisted of developing and exercising computer models of the quiescent and aurorally disturbed atmosphere, analyzing data from rocket and satellite experiments to validate and extend the models, and drawing upon our experience to help plan for the MSX mission. Specifically, we have used our models to simulate data from the SISSI and MAP/WINE campaigns and the CIRRIS mission, perform benchmark calculations to validate radiative transfer algorithms, and study the effects of gravity waves on non-LTE populations and atmospheric cooling in the mesopause region. We have performed spectral analysis on CIRRIS data, and used the models to identify processes contributing to the 4.3 um emissions seen in the data. We present a detailed description of how to use Atmospheric Radiance Code (ARC), the non-LTE code that we employ for these purposes. We also summarize our role in MSX experiment planning, and software development for automated analysis of MSX Spectrographic Imager data.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of Atmospheric General Circulation Models written by Leo Donner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents unique perspectives from leading researchers on the development and application of atmospheric general circulation models. It is a core reference for academic researchers and professionals involved in atmospheric physics, meteorology and climate science, and a resource for graduate-level courses in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction.
Download or read book Applications of Infrared Hyper spectra in Atmospheric Sounding Climate Feedback Analysis and Model Validation written by Maziar Bani Shahabadi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The thermal infrared radiation has rich information content about surface properties, atmospheric gas composition and temperature profiling. Meteorological satellites and ground instruments are used to monitor upwelling and downwelling radiances, respectively. This study provides new analysis methodologies in different applications of hyperspectral infrared data in climate and weather monitoring. In the first study, an airborne spectrometer flying at tropopause level is proposed for stratospheric H2O sounding derived from downwelling radiances. A motivation is that variations of stratospheric water vapor impact significantly on the surface radiation budget. The advantage of using an airborne spectrometer is its ability to capture the small-scale H2O variability. A Line-By-Line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM) and Gauss-Newton iterative techniques are used to construct the retrieval algorithm. Our simulation experiments show that a spectrometer with 700-2000 cm-1 spectral coverage, 1 cm-1 spectral resolution, 10 s observation time, 12 cm aperture diameter, and realistic noise levels across different bands can reach a retrieval accuracy of 0.5 ppmv and 1 K for simultaneous retrieval of H2O and temperature in the lower to middle stratosphere. We also find that far infrared ( 700 cm-1) spectral measurements, because of their significantly higher noise level, provide little additional benefit for this application. In the second study, application of hyper-spectral radiance data for climate feedback analysis is discussed. Using General Circulation Model (GCM) profiles as input to the Moderate resolution atmospheric Transmission (MODTRAN) radiation code, spectral water vapor sensitivity Jacobians are developed to study the impact of water vapor on the Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR). It is shown that OLR changes linearly with water vapor change in the atmospheric window (800-1250 cm-1) and logarithmically in the water vapor absorption bands (the rotational band: 0-560 cm-1 and the vibrational-rotational band 1250-1850 cm-1). Using a Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model, LBLRTM, we develop second order H2O Jacobians and show that these terms provide a more accurate estimate of the sensitivity of the absorption to H2O perturbations in a given atmospheric layer. Based on these findings, to diagnose the water vapor radiative effect, we propose to rely on hybrid H2O scaling, i.e. linearly in window, and logarithmically in water vapor bands. In the third study, observed infrared radiance data are used to validate forecasts in range 0-24 h in radiance space. We adapt for cloudy sky computations a fast radiative transfer model commonly used at weather centers, RTTOV (Radiative Transfer for Television Operational Vertical Sounder), to generate synthetic radiance spectra from the output of a weather forecast model: the Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model. Synthetic radiance spectra are compared against Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observed radiance data. Novel in this study, spectral Jacobians of surface temperature, atmospheric temperature, and water vapor, obtained by prescribing unperturbed and perturbed profiles, are used for diagnosing the biases in GEM. Clear-sky diagnosis provides a test of radiation closure, in which we find radiance biases of GEM can be well explained by geophysical variable biases, such as surface temperature, and temperature and water vapor profiles. Cloud-related radiance biases are then further determined in all-sky conditions. Based on this spectral analysis, the following prominent GEM biases were identified: 1) too low (often 5 K) surface temperature over land, notably in daytime; 2) too high upper tropospheric humidity in the subtropical region (equivalent to a negative bias of 3 K in brightness temperature units); 3) a deficit of high clouds in western Pacific ocean Intertropical Convective Zone." --
Download or read book SHARC A Model for Calculating Atmospheric and Infrared Radiation Under Non Equilibrium Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new computer model, SHARC, has been developed by the Air Force for calculating high-altitude atmospheric IR radiance and transmittance spectra with a resolution of better than 1/cm. Comprehensive coverage of the 2 to 40 microns (250/cm to 5,000/cm) wavelength region is provided for arbitrary lines of sight in the 50-300 km altitude regime. SHARC accounts for the deviation from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) in vibrational state populations by explicitly modeling the detailed production, loss, and energy transfer process among the important molecular vibrational states. The calculated vibrational populations are found to be similar to those obtained from other non-LTE codes. The radiation transport algorithm is based on a single-line equivalent width approximation along with a statistical correction for line overlap. This approach is reasonably accurate for most applications and is roughly two orders of magnitude faster than the traditional LBL methods which explicitly integrate over individual line shapes. In addition to quiescent atmospheric processes, this model calculates the auroral production and excitation of CO2, NO, and NO(+) in localized regions of the atmosphere. Illustrative comparisons of SHARC predictions to other models and to data from the CIRRIS, SPIRE and FWI field experiments are presented. Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium, Infrared radiation, Computer code, Vibrational and rotational levels, Limb radiance.
Download or read book Frontiers of Climate Modeling written by J. T. Kiehl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-30 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physics and dynamics of the atmosphere and atmosphere-ocean interactions provide the foundation of modern climate models, upon which our understanding of the chemistry and biology of ocean and land surface processes are built. Originally published in 2006, Frontiers of Climate Modeling captures developments in modeling the atmosphere, and their implications for our understanding of climate change, whether due to natural or anthropogenic causes. Emphasis is on elucidating how greenhouse gases and aerosols are altering the radiative forcing of the climate system and the sensitivity of the system to such perturbations. An expert team of authors address key aspects of the atmospheric greenhouse effect, clouds, aerosols, atmospheric radiative transfer, deep convection dynamics, large scale ocean dynamics, stratosphere-troposphere interactions, and coupled ocean-atmosphere model development. The book is an important reference for researchers and advanced students interested in the forces driving the climate system and how they are modeled by climate scientists.
Download or read book SHARC a Comprehensive Non equilibrium Infrared Radiation Model for the Upper Atmosphere written by R. L. Sundberg and published by . This book was released on 1993* with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Thermal Infrared Radiation Parameterization for Atmospheric Studies written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical memorandum documents the longwave radiation parameterization developed at the Climate and Radiation Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, for a wide variety of weather and climate applications. Based on the 1996-version of the Air Force Geophysical Laboratory HITRAN data, the parameterization includes the absorption due to major gaseous absorption (water vapor, CO2, O3) and most of the minor trace gases (N2O, CH4, CFCs), as well as clouds and aerosols. The thermal infrared spectrum is divided into nine bands. To achieve a high degree of accuracy and speed, various approaches of computing the transmission function are applied to different spectral bands and gases. The gaseous transmission function is computed either using the k-distribution method or the table look-up method. To include the effect of scattering due to clouds and aerosols, the optical thickness is scaled by the single-scattering albedo and asymmetry factor. The parameterization can accurately compute fluxes to within 1% of the high spectral-resolution line-by-line calculations. The cooling rate can be accurately computed in the region extending from the surface to the 0.01-hPa level.Chou, Ming-Dah and Suarez, Max J. and Liang, Xin-Zhong and Yan, Michael M.-H. and Cote, Charles (Technical Monitor)Goddard Space Flight CenterINFRARED RADIATION; PARAMETERIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; LONG WAVE RADIATION; AEROSOLS; TRACE ELEMENTS; SPECTRAL BANDS; CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY)
Download or read book Transport of Infrared Atmospheric Radiation written by Boris M. Smirnov and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-02-10 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out to give a rigorous mathematical description of the greenhouse effect through the theory of infrared atmospheric emission. In contrast to traditional climatological analysis, this approach eschews empirical relations in favour of a strict thermodynamical derivation, based on data from NASA and from the HITRAN spectroscopy database. The results highlight new aspects of the role of clouds in the greenhouse effect.
Download or read book An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation written by K. N. Liou and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-05-09 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Second Edition of An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation has been extensively revised to address the fundamental study and quantitative measurement of the interactions of solar and terrestrial radiation with molecules, aerosols, and cloud particles in planetary atmospheres. It contains 70% new material, much of it stemming from the investigation of the atmospheric greenhouse effects of external radiative perturbations in climate systems, and the development of methodologies for inferring atmospheric and surface parameters by means of remote sensing. Liou's comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals of atmospheric radiation was developed for students, academics, and researchers in atmospheric sciences, remote sensing, and climate modeling. Balanced treatment of fundamentals and applications Includes over 170 illustrations to complement the concise description of each subject Numerous examples and hands-on exercises at the end of each chapter
Download or read book Studies of Atmospheric Infrared Emissions written by Doran J. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contract between the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory and Utah State University provided for the investigation into the nature of the disturbed and undisturbed atmosphere with particular emphasis placed upon the spectral, spatial, and temporal behavior of atmospheric emission and the controlling stimuli that initiate such emission. A major thrust was concentrated on the development of new instrumentation and measuring techniques and their use in the measurement program, particularly in atmospheric disturbances. (Author).
