Download or read book Development of a 3D Equivalent Continuum Model for Deformation Analysis of Systematically Jointed Rock Masses written by Alireza Agharazi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deformability of jointed rock masses are potentially anisotropic and non-linear due to existence of the discontinuities intersecting the rock matrix. Models to analysis the deformation of jointed rock masses are divided into two main categories: discontinuum models and equivalent continuum models. Discontinuum models treat the rock mass as an assemblage of intact rock blocks interacting at their boundaries. Discontinuities are simulated explicitly using appropriate contact models. However, when the number of discontinuities in a model increases, the explicit definition of discontinuities become difficult and, in some cases, impractical. Equivalent continuum models provide an alternative to discontinuum models for such cases. In these models, the behaviour of a jointed rock mass is approximated by the analysis of its equivalent continuum. The discontinuities are taken into account implicitly, either by implementing proper constitutive relations or by adopting appropriate mechanical parameters. In this research, the principal deformation mechanisms for a jointed rock mass are defined and characterized by the detailed analysis of the results of a series of plate loading tests conducted on the rock mass. A new three dimensional equivalent continuum model, the JointedRock model, is formulated to simulate the observed deformation mechanisms. The constitutive equations are presented in a tensor form so the model can be applied for any arbitrary spatial configuration of discontinuities. A Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is used to check failure of intact rock blocks and slip along the rock joints. The JointedRock model is implemented in the finite difference code FLAC3D and is verified against the distinct element method (3DEC) and, where available, analytical solutions. A new method is proposed for interpretation of the results of plate loading tests conducted on jointed rock masses. The method is used to interpret the results of the study tests and to determine the anisotropic deformation modulus of the rock mass.
Download or read book Strength And Deformation Behaviour Of Jointed Rocks written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most rock masses encountered in civil and mining engineering projects contain pre-existing discontinuities. These discontinuities weaken the rock masses to an extent, which depends very much on the size of engineering structure relation to discontinuity spacing. The strength and deformability of rock mass is controlled not only by the intact portion of rock, but by the characteristic of the joints that break up the mass, particularly their pattern and their orientation with respect to the in-situ stresses. In considering the effect of joints, the discrete approach emerged as an efficient tool and advocated since 1970s (Cundall, 1971). However, the numerical approach with modelling the joints explicitly has the limitation of computational complexity for modelling large-scale problems with extremely large number of joints. As an alternative to this limitation, the equivalent continuum approach models the jointed rock masses as a continuum with the equivalent properties that represent implicitly the effects of the joints. Several numerical methods have been developed by various researchers to model jointed rock masses as equivalent continuum, using various techniques. However, the existing equivalent continuum models are complicated and need more input data from experimental or field testing in order to carry out the analysis. Present approach attempts to use statistical relations, which are simple and obtained after analyzing a large data from the literature on laboratory test results of jointed rock masses. Systematic investigations were done including laboratory experiments to develop the methodologies to determine the equivalent material properties of rock mass and their stress-strain behaviour, using a hyperbolic approach (Duncan and Chang, 1970). Present study covers the development of equivalent continuum model for rock mass right from developing statistical correlations to find out equivalent material properties based on experimental results, to the implementat.
Download or read book The Joint Empirical Model an Equivalent Continuum Model for Jointed Rock Masses written by M.L. Blanford and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Discontinuous Deformation Analysis in Rock Mechanics Practice written by Yossef H. Hatzor and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The numerical, discrete element, Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) method was developed by Dr. Gen-hua Shi while he was working at the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of Prof. Richard E. Goodman in the late 1980s. Two-dimensional DDA was published in 1993 and three-dimensional DDA in 2001. Since its publication DDA has been verified, validated and applied in numerous studies worldwide and is now considered a powerful and robust method to address both static and dynamic engineering problems in discontinuous rock masses. In this book Yossef H. Hatzor and Guowei Ma, co-chairs of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Commission on DDA, join Dr. Shi in authoring a monograph that presents the state of the art in DDA research. A comprehensive discussion of DDA development since its publication is provided in Chapter 1, followed by concise reviews of 2D and 3D DDA in chapters 2 and 3. Procedures to select geological and numerical input parameters for DDA are discussed in Chapter 4, and DDA validation and verification is presented in Chapter 5. Applications of DDA in underground and rock slope engineering projects are discussed in chapters 6 and 7. In Chapter 8 the novel contact theory recently developed by Dr. Shi is published in its complete form, for the first time. This book is published within the framework of the ISRM Book Series and is the contribution of the ISRM DDA Commission to the international rock mechanics community.
Download or read book Linear Load transfer Mechanics of Fully Grouted Roof Bolts written by Maynard O. Serbousek and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Discontinuous Deformation Analysis for Application in Jointed Rock Masses written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Distinct Element Method (DEM) and Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) are the two most commonly used discrete element methods in rock mechanics. Discrete element approaches are computationally expensive as they involve the interaction of multiple discrete bodies with continuously changing contacts. Therefore, it is very important to ensure that the method selected for the analysis is computationally efficient. In this research, a general assessment of DDA and DEM is performed from a computational efficiency perspective, and relevant enhancements to DDA are developed. The computational speed of DDA is observed to be considerably slower than DEM. In order to identify reasons affecting the computational efficiency of DDA, fundamental aspects of DDA and DEM are compared which suggests that they mainly differ in the contact mechanics, and the time integration scheme used. An in-depth evaluation of these aspects revealed that the openclose iterative procedure used in DDA which exhibits highly nonlinear behavior is one of the main reasons causing DDA to slow down. In order to improve the computational efficiency of DDA, an alternative approach based on a more realistic rock joint behavior is developed in this research. In this approach, contacts are assumed to be deformable, i.e., interpenetrations of the blocks in contact are permitted. This eliminated the computationally expensive open-close iterative procedure adopted in DDA-Shi and enhanced its speed up to four times. In order to consider deformability of the blocks in DDA, several approaches are reported. The hybrid DDA-FEM approach is one of them, although this approach captures the block deformability quite effectively, it becomes computationally expensive for large-scale problems. An alternative simplified uncoupled DDA-FEM approach is developed in this research. The main idea of this approach is to model rigid body movement and the block internal deformation separately. Efficiency and simplicity of this a.
Download or read book Investigation of Discontinuous Deformation Analysis for Application in Jointed Rock Masses written by Mohammad S. Khan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Distinct Element Method (DEM) and Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) are the two most commonly used discrete element methods in rock mechanics. Discrete element approaches are computationally expensive as they involve the interaction of multiple discrete bodies with continuously changing contacts. Therefore, it is very important to ensure that the method selected for the analysis is computationally efficient. In this research, a general assessment of DDA and DEM is performed from a computational efficiency perspective, and relevant enhancements to DDA are developed. The computational speed of DDA is observed to be considerably slower than DEM. In order to identify reasons affecting the computational efficiency of DDA, fundamental aspects of DDA and DEM are compared which suggests that they mainly differ in the contact mechanics, and the time integration scheme used. An in-depth evaluation of these aspects revealed that the openclose iterative procedure used in DDA which exhibits highly nonlinear behavior is one of the main reasons causing DDA to slow down. In order to improve the computational efficiency of DDA, an alternative approach based on a more realistic rock joint behavior is developed in this research. In this approach, contacts are assumed to be deformable, i.e., interpenetrations of the blocks in contact are permitted. This eliminated the computationally expensive open-close iterative procedure adopted in DDA-Shi and enhanced its speed up to four times. In order to consider deformability of the blocks in DDA, several approaches are reported. The hybrid DDA-FEM approach is one of them, although this approach captures the block deformability quite effectively, it becomes computationally expensive for large-scale problems. An alternative simplified uncoupled DDA-FEM approach is developed in this research. The main idea of this approach is to model rigid body movement and the block internal deformation separately. Efficiency and simplicity of this approach lie in keeping the DDA and the FEM algorithms separate and solving FEM equations individually for each block. Based on a number of numerical examples presented in this dissertation, it is concluded that from a computational efficiency standpoint, the implicit solution scheme may not be appropriate for discrete element modelling. Although for quasi-static problems where inertia effects are insignificant, implicit schemes have been successfully used for linear analyses, they do not prove to be advantageous for contact-type problems even in quasi-static mode due to the highly nonlinear behavior of contacts.
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of a Continuum Model for Jointed Rock Mass written by Jitendra Mohan Avasthi and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rock Support and Reinforcement Practice in Mining written by A.G. Thompson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text broadly covers recent developments in ground control techniques, and their at operating mines, worldwide. Specific topics include: design and analysis of support and re-inforcement in metalliferous mines, mesh, shotcrete and membrane support systems, and strata control in coal mines.
Download or read book Rock Slope Engineering written by Duncan C. Wyllie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 803 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rock Slope Engineering covers the investigation, design, excavation and remediation of man-made rock cuts and natural slopes, primarily for civil engineering applications. It presents design information on structural geology, shear strength of rock and ground water, including weathered rock. Slope design methods are discussed for planar, wedge, circular and toppling failures, including seismic design and numerical analysis. Information is also provided on blasting, slope stabilization, movement monitoring and civil engineering applications. This fifth edition has been extensively up-dated, with new chapters on weathered rock, including shear strength in relation to weathering grades, and seismic design of rock slopes for pseudo-static stability and Newmark displacement. It now includes the use of remote sensing techniques such as LiDAR to monitor slope movement and collect structural geology data. The chapter on numerical analysis has been revised with emphasis on civil applications. The book is written for practitioners working in the fields of transportation, energy and industrial development, and undergraduate and graduate level courses in geological engineering.
Download or read book Rock Mechanics written by Barry H.G. Brady and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition has been completely revised to reflect the notable innovations in mining engineering and the remarkable developments in the science of rock mechanics and the practice of rock angineering taht have taken place over the last two decades. Although "Rock Mechanics for Underground Mining" addresses many of the rock mechanics issues that arise in underground mining engineering, it is not a text exclusively for mining applications. Based on extensive professional research and teaching experience, this book will provide an authoratative and comprehensive text for final year undergraduates and commencing postgraduate stydents. For profesional practitioners, not only will it be of interests to mining and geological engineers, but also to civil engineers, structural mining geologists and geophysicists as a standard work for professional reference purposes.
Download or read book Characterization Modeling Monitoring and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.
Download or read book Rock Foundations written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Finite Element Analysis in Geotechnical Engineering written by David M Potts and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 2001 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An insight into the use of the finite method in geotechnical engineering. The first volume covers the theory and the second volume covers the applications of the subject. The work examines popular constitutive models, numerical techniques and case studies.
Download or read book Support of Underground Excavations in Hard Rock written by E. Hoek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The safe and economical construction of tunnels, mines, and other subterranean works depends on the correct choice of support systems to ensure that the excavations are stable. These support systems should be matched to the characterstics of the rock mass and the excavation techniques adopted. Establishing the support requirements, designing support systems and installing these correctly are essential elements in safe underground construction. This is a comprehensive and practical work which also gives access to user-friendly computer programmes which enable the investigation and design of support techniques. Details on how to obtain this software are also included in the book.
Download or read book Understanding Faults written by David Tanner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Faults: Detecting, Dating, and Modeling offers a single resource for analyzing faults for a variety of applications, from hazard detection and earthquake processes, to geophysical exploration. The book presents the latest research, including fault dating using new mineral growth, fault reactivation, and fault modeling, and also helps bridge the gap between geologists and geophysicists working across fault-related disciplines. Using diagrams, formulae, and worldwide case studies to illustrate concepts, the book provides geoscientists and industry experts in oil and gas with a valuable reference for detecting, modeling, analyzing and dating faults. Presents cutting-edge information relating to fault analysis, including mechanical, geometrical and numerical models, theory and methodologies Includes calculations of fault sealing capabilities Describes how faults are detected, what fault models predict, and techniques for dating fault movement Utilizes worldwide case studies throughout the book to concretely illustrate key concepts
