Download or read book Development and Characterization of Two Versions of a New Single Particle Mass Spectrometer for Organic Aerosol Analysis that Incorporate a 3D Ion Trap written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol particles are ubiquitous throughout the atmosphere and play an important role in human health, climate, and the chemistry of the atmosphere. A significant mass fraction of these particles is composed of organic species, which remain poorly characterized due to the number and diversity of species present. This thesis describes the development and characterization of two versions of a new single particle mass spectrometer with a 3D ion trap for organic aerosol studies. Version I combines CO2 laser desorption and electron impact ionization in an ion trap. Mass spectra obtained for four species are comparable to NIST EI spectra. Tandem mass spectrometry studies are also demonstrated. The effects of vaporization energy, ionization delay time, and electron pulse width on the mass spectra and fragmentation patterns are examined. The detection limit of the instrument is found to be ~1x108 molecules (350 nm diameter particle) for 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Version II integrates CO2 laser desorption and tunable VUV ionization in an ion trap and was used for a detailed study of oleyl alcohol, oleic acid and mixtures thereof. Both the degree of fragmentation in the mass spectra and the translational energy of the vaporized molecules are found to vary as a function of desorption energy in the pure particles and as a function of composition in the mixed particles. These changes can be described by the energy absorbed per particle during desorption. We show that these effects hinder the quantitative response of the instrument and have important implications for other two step laser desorption/ionization systems. The final part of this thesis presents preliminary results from atmospherically relevant particles. Mass spectra of cigarette sidestream smoke, fulvic acid, meat cooking, and ammonium bisulfate aerosols are collected using both versions of the instrument. The two step desorption/ionization process only worked for two types of aerosols, while CO2 only mass spectra w.
Download or read book Development and Characterization of a Single Particle Mass Spectrometer with Soft Photoionization for Organic Aerosol Studies written by Sarah Jane Hanna and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Medicinal Chemistry written by Klaus Wanner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-27 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first overview of mass spectrometry-based pharmaceutical analysis is the key to improved high-throughput drug screening, rational drug design and analysis of multiple ligand-target interactions. The ready reference opens with a general introduction to the use of mass spectrometry in pharmaceutical screening, followed by a detailed description of recently developed analytical systems for use in the pharmaceutical laboratory. Applications range from simple binding assays to complex screens of biological activity and systems containing multiple targets or ligands -- all highly relevant techniques in the early stages in drug discovery, from target characterization to hit and lead finding.
Download or read book Signal Variation in Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry written by Zachary Daniel Wissner-Gross and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid and accurate detection of airborne micro-particles is currently an important problem in national security. One approach to such detection, bioaerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS), is currently under development at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. BAMS is a type of single particle aerosol mass spectrometry that rapidly records dual-polarity mass spectra of aerosolized micro-particles. However, the accuracy of the BAMS system is limited by various uncertainties, resulting in shot-to-shot variations in the mass spectra. I found that the variations in mass peak areas in BAMS spectra were significantly larger than those predicted by Poisson statistics based on the mean number of detected ions. Furthermore, these variations were surprisingly consistent as a function of peak area among synthetic, organic, and biological samples. For both positive and negative ions, the standard deviation in a peak's area was approximately proportional to the mean value of that area to the 0.9 power. Using the consistency of this data, I also developed a novel method for quantitatively evaluating the similarity between mass spectra using a chi-square factor. Peak area variations in other single particle aerosol mass spectrometers may be similarly analyzed and used to improve methods for rapid particle identification.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry written by Edmond de Hoffmann and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2001-10-10 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a complete overview of the principles, theories and key applications of modern mass spectrometry in this introductory textbook. Following on from the highly successful first edition, this edition is extensively updated including new techniques and applications. All instrumental aspects of mass spectrometry are clearly and concisely described; sources, analysers and detectors. * Revised and updated * Numerous examples and illustrations are combined with a series of exercises to help encourage student understanding * Includes biological applications, which have been significantly expanded and updated * Also includes coverage of ESI and MALDI
Download or read book Development Characterization and Refinement of a Transportable Aerosol Time of flight Mass Spectrometer written by Tas Dienes and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European On line Particle Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Mass Spectrometry written by J. Throck Watson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-09 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and updated, this text provides an easy-to-read guide to the concept of mass spectrometry and demonstrates its potential and limitations. Written by internationally recognised experts and utilising "real life" examples of analyses and applications, the book presents real cases of qualitative and quantitative applications of mass spectrometry. Unlike other mass spectrometry texts, this comprehensive reference provides systematic descriptions of the various types of mass analysers and ionisation, along with corresponding strategies for interpretation of data. The book concludes with a comprehensive 3000 references. This multi-disciplined text covers the fundamentals as well as recent advance in this topic, providing need-to-know information for researchers in many disciplines including pharmaceutical, environmental and biomedical analysis who are utilizing mass spectrometry
Download or read book Novel Techniques and Applications in Single Particle Mass Spectrometry written by John Francis Cahill and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the environment, aerosol particles can affect climate directly though scattering and absorbing radiation and indirectly by influencing cloud formation, albedo, and lifetime. Beyond the environment, aerosols are commonly used as a delivery mechanism for a variety of products, such as inhalers and spray paints. Chemically characterizing aerosols is a difficult endeavor, and relatively few instrumental methods are capable of doing so. A unique subset of instrumentation and techniques exist to measure aerosol chemical and physical properties. Among these, the aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) can measure single particle chemistry and size in real time. The ATOFMS was developed for the study atmospheric aerosols, and data acquired by the ATOFMS over the years since its creation has provided significant insight into many atmospheric phenomena; however, the application of this technique into disciplines other than atmospheric chemistry has been relatively unexplored. In this dissertation the ATOFMS is used in a conventional sense, to provide insight into atmospheric particle chemistry through two field studies in California, but also in an unconventional way by using the ATOFMS to answer outstanding questions in other disciplines, including nanomaterials and biochemistry. Often the chemistry of a single unit, rather than of the bulk, is needed in these disciplines, and the ATOFMS is uniquely suited to provide this information. The ATOFMS was used to chemically characterize single particles of a unique class of nanomaterials, called metal organic frameworks (MOFs), comprised of functionalized organic linkers and metal ions or metal ion clusters. ATOFMS data was able to show the presence of MOFs with mixed functionality, and show the exchange of functional groups between materials. Cell processes can be monitored by measuring small molecules that are part of cell metabolism, which can provide insight into cell functions, environment, and disease. Using an ATOFMS with a modified aerodynamic lens inlet, single microalgae cells 4-10 μm in diameter of various types have been be characterized. Compared to other single cell mass spectrometry techniques, the modified ATOFMS has unprecedented throughput, up to 50 Hz. Time-resolved measurements of cells undergoing nitrogen deprivation further highlight the abilities of the technique for single cell analysis.
Download or read book The Development and Application of Single Particle Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Analysis of Pharmaceutical Aerosols written by Anthony Peter New and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development and Application of Single Particle Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Analysis of Pharmaceutical Aerosols written by Anthony Peter New and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry for Biotechnology written by Gary Siuzdak and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-02-12 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you investigate biological systems and might use mass spectrometry in your research but need to know more about it, this book is for you. It introduces the fundamental concepts of mass spectrometry and how mass spectrometers work. It also presents recent advancements particularly interesting to bio-researchers in an easy-to-understand manner that does not require extensive background in chemistry, math, or physics. Glossary of basic terms Abundant illustrations Examples of applications Practical tips on using mass spectrometric techniques Useful for peptide, protein, oligonucleotide, and carbohydrate analysis Simplified description of mass spectrometry including: Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Fast Atom/Ion Bombardment (FAB)
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry written by Jürgen H Gross and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-05 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass Spectrometry is an ideal textbook for students and professionals as well as newcomers to the field. Starting from the very first principles of gas-phase ion chemistry and isotopic properties, the textbook takes the reader through the design of mass analyzers and ionization methods all the way to mass spectral interpretation and coupling techniques. Step-by-step, the reader learns how mass spectrometry works and what it can do. The book comprises a balanced mixture of practice-oriented information and theoretical background. It features a clear layout and a wealth of high-quality figures. Exercises and solutions are located on the Springer Global Web.
Download or read book Development and Characterization of a Plasma Source Time of flight Mass Spectrometer for Elemental Analysis written by David Patrick Myers and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding the Chemistry of Atmospheric Particles Using Single Particle Mass Spectrometry written by Maria Anna Zawadowicz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores ways in which single particle mass spectrometry can be extended, whether through hardware improvements, or through the use of advanced data processing techniques to provide new kinds of aerosol chemistry measurements. Most of this work has been carried out using the Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (PALMS) instrument, an aircraft deployable mass spectrometer that uses intense (~10^9 Wcm^-2 ) UV laser pulses to vaporize and ionize single particles and measures their mass spectra using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Near-term and long-term hardware improvements as well as advanced data analysis techniques are explored in order to extract new chemical information from the thus obtained single particle mass spectra. Hardware improvements to PALMS are explored, such as the use of a high-powered femtosecond laser to obtain single particle mass spectra and a new high resolution compact mass analyzer. Also, a new commercial mass spectrometer LAAPToF is characterized and compared to PALMS. In addition to hardware improvements, novel data analysis techniques for analysis of single particle mass spectra were developed as a part of this work. In particular, a new method to identify biologically-derived particles is presented and used to derive vertical profiles of bioaerosol from near-surface to the upper troposphere.
Download or read book An On line Mass Spectrometer for Aerosols written by Martin Weiss and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
